Pathogenic potential of non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars isolated from aquatic environments in Mexico

Areli Burgueño‑Roman,Gloria M. Castañeda‑Ruelas,Ramón Pacheco‑Arjona,Maribel Jimenez‑Edeza 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.7

Background River water has been implicated as a source of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars in Mexico. Objective To dissect the molecular pathogenesis and defense strategies of seven NTS strains isolated from river water in Mexico. Methods The genome of Salmonella serovars Give, Pomona, Kedougou, Stanley, Oranienburg, Sandiego, and Muenchen were sequenced using the whole-genome shotgun methodology in the Illumina Miseq platform. The genoma annotation and evolutionary analyses were conducted in the RAST and FigTree servers, respectively. The MLST was performed using the SRST2 tool and the comparisons between strains were clustered and visualized using the Gview server. Experimental virulence assay was included to evaluate the pathogenic potential of strains. Results We report seven high-quality draft genomes, ranging from ~ 4.61 to ~ 5.12 Mb, with a median G + C value, coding DNA sequence, and protein values of 52.1%, 4697 bp, and 4,589 bp, respectively. The NTS serovars presented with an open pan-genome, offering novel genetic content. Each NTS serovar had an indistinguishable virulotype with a core genome (352 virulence genes) closely associated with Salmonella pathogenicity; 13 genes were characterized as serotype specific, which could explain differences in pathogenicity. All strains maintained highly conserved genetic content regarding the Salmonella pathogenicity islands (1–5) (86.9–100%), fimbriae (84.6%), and hypermutation (100%) genes. Adherence and invasion capacity were confirmed among NTS strains in Caco-2 cells. Conclusion Our results demonstrated the arsenal of virulence and defense molecular factors harbored on NTS serovars and highlight that environmental NTS strains are waterborne pathogens worthy of attention.

New processing and applications of Calcium Phosphate Cements for bone augmentation

Roman A Perez 대한치과재료학회 2015 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.42 No.S

새로운 다중 모델 베이지안 앙상블 기법을 통한 미래 기후전망의 불확실성 저감

Roman Olson,안순일,Yanan Fan,Jason P. Evans,이준이 한국기상학회 2018 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Food as a marker for economy and part of identity: traditional vegetal food of Yezidis and Kurds in Armenia

Roman Hovsepyan,Nina Stepanyan-Gandilyan,Hamlet Melkumyan,Lili Harutyunyan 한국식품연구원 2016 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.3 No.1

Background: The traditional food of the Yezidis and Kurds of Armenia has some particularities and differences compared with the traditional cuisine of Armenians. Methods: Ethnobotanical data collected during fieldworks in 2013e2015 in Armenia via interviews, direct observations and sampling of used plants for identification of species. Results: Traditional dishes of Yezidis and Kurds are simple. They are mostly made from or contain as a main component lamb and milk products (sometimes beef and chicken, but never pork). The main vegetal components of their traditional food are represented by cultivated cereals, grains, and herbs of wild plants. Edible plants gathered from the wild are used primarily for nutritional purposes, for flavoring prepared meals and milk products, and for tea. Discussion: We correlate these distinctions with the transhumant pastoral lifestyle of the Yezidi and Kurdish people.

Fatigue Life Prediction for Distortion-Induced Cracking of Steel Bridges

Roman Okelo 한국강구조학회 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.2

Fatigue is the main reason for the limited service life of welded plate girders built before the mid-1970s. Although, current bridge design specifications provide estimates of fatigue life for load-induced cases, fatigue cracking due to out-of-plane distortion is not adequately addressed, despite its severity. This paper presents a three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) of two units of the I-345 Bridge using the commercially available software LUSAS. The modeling procedure is used to determine the magnitude of the distortion-induced stresses, the fatigue life, and the effectiveness of the retrofit strategies. The results in terms of contour plots for the as-built and repaired connections show a high stress concentration at crack initiation sites, in agreement with the bridge inspection reports. The used retrofits methods, when properly carried out, provide a full restoration of the service life of the connections. A relationship is proposed to predict the fatigue life for distortion-induced cracking.

Modeling and analysis of selected organization for economic cooperation and development PKL-3 station blackout experiments using TRACE

Roman Mukin,Ivor Clifford,Omar Zerkak,Hakim Ferroukhi 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.3

A series of tests dedicated to station blackout (SBO) accident scenarios have been recently performed at thePrim€arkreislauf-Versuchsanlage (primary coolant loop test facility; PKL) facility in the framework of theOECD/NEAPKL-3 project. These investigations address current safety issues related to beyond design basis accidenttransients with significant core heat up. This work presents a detailed analysis using the best estimatethermalehydraulic code TRACE (v5.0 Patch4) of different SBO scenarios conducted at the PKL facility; failuresof high- and low-pressure safety injection systems together with steam generator (SG) feedwatersupply are considered, thus calling for adequate accidentmanagement actions and timelyimplementation ofalternative emergency cooling procedures to prevent core meltdown. The presented analysis evaluates thecapability of the applied TRACE model of the PKL facility to correctly capture the sequences of events in thedifferent SBO scenarios, namely the SBO tests H2.1, H2.2 run 1 and H2.2 run 2, including symmetric orasymmetric secondary side depressurization, primary side depressurization, accumulator (ACC) injection inthe cold legs and secondary side feeding with mobile pump and/or primary side emergency core coolantinjection from the fuel pool cooling pump. This study is focused specifically on the prediction of the core exittemperature, which drives the execution of the most relevant accident management actions. This workpresents, in particular, the key improvements made to the TRACE model that helped to improve the codepredictions, including the modeling of dynamical heat losses, the nodalization of SGs' heat exchanger tubesand theACCs. Another relevant aspect of thiswork is to evaluate howwell themodel simulations of the threedifferent scenarios qualitatively and quantitatively capture the trends and results exhibited by the actualexperiments. For instance, howthenumber of SGs considered for secondary side depressurization affects theheat transfer from primary side; how the discharge capacity of the pressurizer relief valve affects the dynamicsof the transient; how ACC initial pressure and nitrogen release affect the grace time between ACCinjection and subsequent core heat up; and howwell the alternative feeding modes of the secondary and/orprimary side with mobile injection pumps affect core quenching and ensure stable long-term core coolingunder controlled boiling conditions.

HIPIMS Arc-Free Reactive Deposition of Non-conductive Films Using the Applied Material ENDURA 200 ㎜ Cluster Tool

Roman Chistyakov 한국진공학회 2012 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2012 No.2

Design and Validation of Robust and Autonomous Control for Nuclear Reactors

ROMAN A. SHAFFER,ROBERT M. EDWARDS,KWANG Y. LEE 한국원자력학회 2005 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.37 No.2

A robust control design procedure for a nuclear reactor has been developed and experimentally validated on the Penn State TRIGA research reactor. The utilization of the robust controller as a component of an autonomous control system is also demonstrated. Two methods of specifying a low order (fourth-order) nominal-plant model for a robust control design were evaluated: 1) by approximation based on the “physics” of the process and 2) by an optimal Hankel approximation of a higher order plant model. The uncertainty between the nominal plant models and the higher order plant model is supplied as a specification to the -synthesis robust control design procedure. Two methods of quantifying uncertainty were evaluated: 1) a combination of additive and multiplicative uncertainty and 2) multiplicative uncertainty alone. The conclusions are that the optimal Hankel approximation and a combination of additive and multiplicative uncertainty are the best approach to design robust control for this application. The results from nonlinear simulation testing and the physical experiments are consistent and thus help to confirm the correctness of the robust control design procedures and conclusions.

Genesis of the cultural landscape of Urals and Siberia

Roman Fedorov 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2013 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.4 No.2

This article presents the author's approach to the study of cultural landscape genesis. Historical and geographical reconstruction of Urals and Siberia served as the empirical basis of the study. A hypothesis that highlights some of the basic morphological components of the cultural landscape on the scale of a given region is set forth based on that reconstruction. Communications and cultural values have been classified as the primary morphological components. The article compares the cultural landscape's communicative structure and two main forms of communication. The first form includes land communication routes and regional settlement patterns, which establish a kind of communicative framework for the cultural landscape of the region. The second form is the circle of social and cultural interactions that directly or indirectly affect the economic development and life activities of regional communities. Each of these forms of communication reflects a certain pattern of cultural values that is specific to a given form of economic development in a geographical region or to a particular historical era. Using this approach, the article studies the spatial organization of the cultural landscape of the Urals and Siberia in an attempt to explain the cultural diversity of various parts of present-day Russia.

Genetic Algorithm based Parameters Optimization of Model Predictive Control in Lane Keeping

Roman Son(손로만),Jeongmin Cho(조정민),Kunsoo Huh(허건수) 한국자동차공학회 2017 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.5