Cloud point extraction: A sustainable method of elemental preconcentration and speciation

Pallabi Samaddar,Kamalika Sen 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

Trace elements are gaining increasing attention of scientists working in various analytical fields. Presence or absence of a trace element in a system seriously modifies its intrinsic behavior. Cloud point extraction (CPE) is an upcoming technology to preconcentrate and separate many of the trace elements from different chemical and biological systems. The system is sustainable as it involves benign extractants like surfactants and that too at low concentrations at slightly elevated temperatures to form clouds that separate out from the bulk solution. In addition, the extraction behavior of many elements depends on its chemical species. Keeping in view the need to summarize the research encompassing this technique, many review articles were published which cover a selection of the literature published on this topic over several time spans. A myriad of various technological developments has been reported by several workers. These developments have prompted us to revisit the CP technology with a better understanding of its detection, mechanism and extension to species dependent extraction behavior with regard to the state of art determination of trace metals in our day to day applications. The present article summarizes mainly the results of trace metal preconcentration using CP methodology from different practical samples with an insight to the probable mechanism and speciation involved from 2006 onwards.

Species dependent sustainable preconcentration of zinc: Possible aspects of ABS and CPE

Pallabi Samaddar,Kamalika Sen 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

The environmentally benign extraction systems like aqueous biphasic system (ABS) and cloud pointextraction (CPE) techniques are well exploited for their applications in elemental speciation analysis. Inthis article we have studied the extraction possibility of different Zn species using ABS and CPE. Theextractions are studied at trace concentration levels in the presence and absence of different interferingcations and anions to find the possibility to preconcentrate Zn in the presence of other elements. It hasbeen observed that using CPE, a complete extraction of Zn-PAN is possible with Cu(II) as a potentialinterfering ion. Using ABS, 82% extraction of Zn as Zn-insulin complex is possible with no considerableinterference from the associated metal ions. However, the anions like PO43 , SCN and NO2 ions do interfere. Finally, the clouds of the CPE were taken for confocal microscopy after dissolution in suitablemedia. The images demonstrate the mechanism of micellization of different Zn species. The nanometersized vesicles with the Zn species incorporated in it indicates a stronger extraction possibility of the CPEthan ABS. The results are indicative of the methodology to be chosen for Zn extraction as per the need ofthe analyst.

Food Security in Households of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study in a Subdivision of Darjeeling District, West Bengal

Pallabi Dasgupta,Sharmistha Bhattacherjee,Dilip Kumar Das 대한예방의학회 2016 예방의학회지 Vol.49 No.4

Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) adversely impacts food security in households of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Little research has focused on food insecurity among PLWHA in India. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of and factors relating to food security in households of PLWHA in the Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among 173 PLWHA residing in Siliguri and registered at the Anti-retroviral Therapy Centre of North Bengal Medical College & Hospital. Data was collected at the household level with interviews of PLWHA using a food security survey instrument. We analyzed the associations using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of household food security among the participants was 50.9% (88/173). Five years or more of schooling, higher socioeconomic class and males were found to be significantly associated with a higher likelihood of food security. A later stage of the disease and the presence of other family members with HIV/AIDS were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of food security. The major coping strategies to deal with food insecurity in the acute phase HIV infection included borrowing money (56.1%), followed by spousal support, loans from microfinance institutions, banks, or money lenders, borrowing food, or selling agricultural products. Conclusions: The present study revealed that only about half of households with PLWHA were food secure. Prior interventions relating to periods of food and economic crisis as well as strategies for sustaining food security and economic status are needed in this area.

Insight into emerging applications of forward osmosis systems

Pallabi Das,Krishna Kant Kumar Singh,Suman Dutta 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.72 No.-

The advent of Forward Osmosis (FO) has ushered in a new revolution in thefield of membranetechnology. Besides the oft-studied application of water purification, FO has opened up new frontiers ofresearch in diversefields. All of them are potentially sustainable technology solutions characterized by ahigh degree of process intensification. It is interesting to imagine different avenues where the potentcombination of membrane technology and osmotic gradient can be used. This brief review evaluates foursuch emerging applications of FO; viz: Membrane Crystallization, Osmotic Pumps, Energy Production,and Membrane Evaporation which will be considered as the most important in the near future. All fouraforesaid applications were critically reviewed with respect to the principle of operation, process designfundamentals, cost distribution, tangible benefits over conventional alternatives and commercialventures around the world. Comparative assessments of transportflux, yield, configuration, andmembrane module was carried out. Several issues relating to performance, hydrodynamics and scale updesigns were analyzed with special emphasis on concentration polarization,flux decline, nature of themembrane.

Food Security in Households of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study in a Subdivision of Darjeeling District, West Bengal

Dasgupta, Pallabi,Bhattacherjee, Sharmistha,Das, Dilip Kumar The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2016 예방의학회지 Vol.49 No.4

Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) adversely impacts food security in households of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Little research has focused on food insecurity among PLWHA in India. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of and factors relating to food security in households of PLWHA in the Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among 173 PLWHA residing in Siliguri and registered at the Anti-retroviral Therapy Centre of North Bengal Medical College & Hospital. Data was collected at the household level with interviews of PLWHA using a food security survey instrument. We analyzed the associations using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of household food security among the participants was 50.9% (88/173). Five years or more of schooling, higher socioeconomic class and males were found to be significantly associated with a higher likelihood of food security. A later stage of the disease and the presence of other family members with HIV/AIDS were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of food security. The major coping strategies to deal with food insecurity in the acute phase HIV infection included borrowing money (56.1%), followed by spousal support, loans from microfinance institutions, banks, or money lenders, borrowing food, or selling agricultural products. Conclusions: The present study revealed that only about half of households with PLWHA were food secure. Prior interventions relating to periods of food and economic crisis as well as strategies for sustaining food security and economic status are needed in this area.

Synthesis of nanomaterials from various wastes and their new age applications

Samaddar, Pallabi,Ok, Yong Sik,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kwon, Eilhann E.,Tsang, Daniel C.W. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2018 Journal of cleaner production Vol.197 No.p1

Plant extract–mediated green silver nanoparticles: Efficacy as soil conditioner and plant growth promoter

Das, Pallabi,Barua, Shaswat,Sarkar, Shuvasree,Karak, Niranjan,Bhattacharyya, Pradip,Raza, Nadeem,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Bhattacharya, Satya Sundar Elsevier 2018 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.346 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently, concerns have been raised regarding the ultimate fate of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) after their release into the environment. In this study, the environmental feasibility of plant leaf (<I>Thuja occidentalis</I>) extract–mediated green SNPs (GSNPs) was assessed in terms of their effects on soil physicochemical properties and crop growth in comparison to conventionally synthesized silver nanoparticles (CSNPs). Upon application of GSNPs, soil pH shifted toward neutrality, and substantial increments were observed in water holding capacity (WHC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and N/P availability. The mechanism behind the enhanced availability of N was verified through lab-scale experiments in which GSNP-treated soils efficiently resisted nitrate leaching, thereby sustaining N availability in root zone soil layers. However, retardation in nutrient availability and enzyme activity was apparent in soils treated with 100 mg kg<SUP>−1</SUP> of either CSNPs or GSNPs. Remarkable improvements in leaf area index (LAI), leaf number, chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, and <I>Phaseolus vulgaris</I> pod yield were observed after the application of low doses of GSNPs (25–50 mg kg<SUP>−1</SUP>). The true benefit of GSNP application to soil was substantiated through experiments on plant uptake of nutrients, NR expression, and ferredoxin gene expression in <I>P. vulgaris</I> leaves.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The remarkable antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) is well known. </LI> <LI> Extensive industrial use of SNPs has led to their large-scale disposal as waste materials. </LI> <LI> The effects of SNPs on plant metabolism are assessed in terms of NR and Fd expression. </LI> <LI> We provide evidence of an overall beneficial impact of SNPs on soil properties. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

An engineering insight into block copolymer self-assembly: Contemporary application from biomedical research to nanotechnology

Samaddar, Pallabi,Deep, Akash,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2018 Chemical engineering journal Vol.342 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Because of their unique ordered structures, block copolymers (BCPs) are known to form a broad range of morphologies (e.g., cylinders, vesicles, spheres, and lamellae). These types of assemblies can be utilized for various potential and practical applications in numerous fields including nanotechnology. This review addresses classification of different BCPs based on polymeric moieties and arrangement of polymer chains present in their structure. Physicochemical characteristics of BCP micelles in aqueous media are also discussed along with the beneficial features of BCP self assembly in the generation of nanostructures. Potential applications of BCP-drug conjugates have also been described with numerous case studies. In addition, successful implementation of BCP self-assembly in modern age research of nanoporous ultrafiltration membrane, nanolithography, functionalized nanomaterial preparation has been overviewed with mechanistic details. Finally, we offer a brief perspective on the future opportunities of BCPs in diverse research fields.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Block copolymers (BCPs) tend to occur exclusively in nature. </LI> <LI> Through aggregation of different monomers, BCPs exhibit enhanced stability and durability. </LI> <LI> BCPs are here classified by the structure/shape of the dissimilar blocks in the polymer chain. </LI> <LI> Property of BCPs is assessed in terms of micelle-forming capacity, solubility, and functionality. </LI> <LI> Coverage of this review highlight the future prospects of BCPs to benefit their future research. </LI> </UL> </P>

Distribution and phytomedicinal aspects of Paris polyphylla Smith from the Eastern Himalayan Region: A review

Angkita Sharma,Pallabi Kalita,Hui Tag 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2015 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.5 No.3

Comparative studies have established that the North-Eastern (NE) region of India which is a part of the Eastern Himalayan region is affluent in both traditional knowledge based phytomedicine and biodiversity. About 1953 ethno-medicinal plants are detailed from the NE region of India out of which 1400 species are employed both as food and ethnopharmacological resources. Nearly 70% of species diversity has been reported from the two Indian biodiversity hotspots-The Western Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas and these hotspots are protected by tribal communities and their ancient traditional knowledge system. Paris polyphylla Smith belongs to the family Melanthiaceae and is a traditional medicinal herb which is known to cure some major ailments such as different types of Cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, abnormal uterine bleeding, leishmaniasis etc. The major phytoconstituents are dioscin, polyphyllin D, and balanitin 7. Phylogeny of Paris was inferred from nuclear ITS and plastid psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF DNA sequence data. Results indicated that Paris is monophyletic in all analyses. Rhizoma Paridis, which is the dried rhizome of Paris polyphylla is mainly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine and its mode of action is known for only a few cancer cell lines. The current review determines to sketch an extensive picture of the potency, diversity, distribution and efficacy of Paris polyphylla from the Eastern Himalayan region and the future validation of its phytotherapeutical and molecular attributes by recognizing the Intellectual Property Rights of the Traditional Knowledge holders.

Quantum Watermarking: A Review

Debnath Bhattacharyya,Pallabi Chakraborty,Farkhod Alisherov,Tai-hoon Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2010 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.4 No.3