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A case of autoimmune enteropathy with CTLA4 haploinsufficiency
( Haruka Miyazaki ),( Namiko Hoshi ),( Michitaka Kohashi ),( Eri Tokunaga ),( Yuna Ku ),( Haruka Takenaka ),( Makoto Ooi ),( Nobuyuki Yamamoto ),( Suguru Uemura ),( Noriyuki Nishimura ),( Kazumoto Iij 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.1
Autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is a rare disease, characterized by intractable diarrhea, villous atrophy of the small intestine, and the presence of circulating anti-enterocyte autoantibodies. Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome, and mutations in FOXP3, which is a master gene of regulatory T cells (Tregs), are major causes of AIE. Recent studies have demonstrated that mutations in other Treg-associated genes, such as CD25 and CTLA4, show an IPEX-like phenotype. We present the case of a 13-year-old girl with CTLA4 haploinsufficiency, suffering from recurrent immune thrombocytopenic purpura and intractable diarrhea. We detected an autoantibody to the AIE-related 75 kDa antigen (AIE-75), a hallmark of the IPEX syndrome, in her serum. She responded well to a medium dose of prednisolone and a controlled dose of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), even after the cessation of prednisolone administration. Serum levels of the soluble interleukin-2 receptor and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were useful in monitoring disease activity during 6-MP therapy. In conclusion, autoimmune-mediated mechanisms, similar to the IPEX syndrome, may be involved in the development of enteropathy in CTLA4 haploinsufficiency. Treatment with 6-MP and monitoring of disease activity using serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor and IgG is suggested for such cases. (Intest Res 2022;20:144-149)
Symmetric Plane Detection and Symmetry Analysis from A 3D Point Cloud Data of Face
Daisuke Hosoki,Tohru Kamiya,Namiko Kimura-Nomoto,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2020 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.10
Cleft lip occurs in about 1 in 500 people and is a congenital anomaly that occurs when the lips are not completely formed in the process of fetal face fusion. The treatment of the cleft lip is performed for the purpose of forming bilaterally symmetrical lips and external nose. However, it is based on a criterion that depends on subjectivity, quantitatively determining the degree of symmetry of the surgical site is required. In this paper, we propose a method for detecting the face that serves as the symmetry basis of the face to analyze the symmetry of the surgical site, and an index that indicates the symmetry. In the proposed method, after detecting the facial organs as points in the 3D point cloud data of the subject’s face, we align the mirror image inversion excluding the region from upper lip to the tip of the nose where the effect of shape change due to cleft lip is remarkable with the original point cloud. Next, the symmetric reference plane is set by finding a plane that bisects vertically between one point in the original point cloud and the corresponding point in the mirror image inversion. As a result, the target reference plane is detected with high accuracy. Furthermore, as a result of applying the symmetry analysis method based on the target reference plane, it was possible to visually represent the left-right asymmetric region.
Polymer electrolyte membrane based on polyacrylate with phosphonic acidvia long alkyl side chains
Higashihara, Tomoya,Fukuzaki, Namiko,Tamura, Youko,Rho, Yecheol,Nakabayashi, Kazuhiro,Nakazawa, Satoshi,Murata, Shigeaki,Ree, Moonhor,Ueda, Mitsuru The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.1 No.4
A Method for Evaluating of Asymmetry on Cleft Lip Using Symmetry Plane
Satoru Sawada,Tohru Kamiya,Namiko Kimura-Nomoto,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
Cleft lip is one of the most common morphological abnormalities that occur when the fetal lips are torn. Cleft lip is treated with multiple surgical procedures. However, there is a problem that the evaluation of surgical results depends on the subjectivity of doctors and the degree of symmetry is difficult to evaluate quantitatively. Therefore, as a previous study, a method for detecting and evaluating the plane of symmetry of the face with an asymmetric region was proposed, however, there remained a problem with the accuracy of separation of the asymmetry between patients and healthy subjects. In this paper, we propose an asymmetry evaluation method with high separation accuracy using the plane of symmetry of the face. The plane of symmetry used as the evaluation standard is obtained by adjusting the plane of symmetry of the entire face to the plane of symmetry of the surgical region. The asymmetry is evaluated by the evaluation index using the depth information with the plane of symmetry as the reference. By comparing the proposed method with the conventional method, the degree of separation of asymmetry between patients and healthy subjects was improved, and more useful results were obtained as an evaluation index.
Detection of Facial Symmetric Plane Based on Registration of 3D Point Cloud
Daisuke Hosoki,Huimin Lu,Hyoungseop Kim,Namiko Kimura,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2019 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.10
Cleft lip is a birth defect that occurs when the lips are not completely formed during healing of the face of the fetus. In Japan, it occurs in about 1 in 500 people. Although treatment is performed to form a symmetrical outer nose, it is necessary to evaluate the degree of symmetry of the surgical site quantitatively because it is based on the judgment criteria that depend on the doctor"s subjectivity. In this paper, we propose a method to detect the plane which is the symmetry basis of the face to analyze the symmetry of the operation site. In the proposed method, the face organ is detected as points from 3D point cloud of the face. Then, the mirror image inversion excluding the area affected by shape change due to cleft lip is aligned with the original point cloud. Next, a symmetric plane is set by finding a plane that bisects vertically between one point in the original point cloud and the corresponding point in the mirror image. As a result of applying the proposed method to real 3D point cloud, we could detect the symmetric plane with good accuracy.
Image Analysis of Cleft Lip from Moire Image Based on Symmetry Analysis
Shinji YAMADA,Huimin LU,Joo Kooi TAN,Hyoungseop KIM,Namiko KIMURA,Takako OKAWACHI,Etsuro NOZOE,Norifumi NAKAMURA 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
About 4% of babies in Japan suffer from congenital anomalies. Cleft lip is the most common disorder among external malformations occurring at a rate of 1 in 500 people. The goal of treatment is to recover symmetric and functional lips and nose forms. However, in the case of unilateral cleft lip where the lips and nose themselves are shifted from the midline of the face, it is difficult to set the midline which is the symmetry axis for evaluating the degree of symmetry of the face. In this paper, we propose an image processing method for extracting the midline using zebra image and shadow image which are two dimensional image created based on three dimensional analysis. Also, we evaluate the degree of asymmetry of the face by using the midline as the axis. As a result of applying the proposed method to 25 cases, which indicated that the proposed method is useful.
T Regulatory Cells Maintain Intestinal Homeostasis by Suppressing γδ T Cells
Park, Sung-Gyoo,Mathur, Ramkumar,Long, Meixiao,Hosh, Namiko,Hao, Liming,Hayden, Matthew S.,Ghosh, Sankar Elsevier 2010 Immunity Vol.33 No.5
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Immune tolerance against enteric commensal bacteria is important for preventing intestinal inflammation. Deletion of phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (<I>Pdk1</I>) in T cells via <I>Cd4-Cre</I> induced chronic inflammation of the intestine despite the importance of PDK1 in T cell activation. Analysis of colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes of PDK1-deficient mice revealed markedly increased CD8α<SUP>+</SUP> T cell receptor (TCR)γδ<SUP>+</SUP> T cells, including an interleukin-17 (IL-17)-expressing population. TCRγδ<SUP>+</SUP> T cells were responsible for the inflammatory colitis as shown by the fact that deletion of <I>Tcrd</I> abolished spontaneous colitis in the PDK1-deficient mice. This dysregulation of intestinal TCRγδ<SUP>+</SUP> T cells was attributable to a reduction in the number and functional capacity of PDK1-deficient T regulatory (Treg) cells. Adoptive transfer of wild-type Treg cells abrogated the spontaneous activation and proliferation of intestinal TCRγδ<SUP>+</SUP> T cells observed in PDK1-deficient mice and prevented the development of colitis. Therefore, suppression of intestinal TCRγδ<SUP>+</SUP> T cells by Treg cells maintains enteric immune tolerance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► PDK1 is essential for Treg cell function including suppression and IL-10 production ► γδ T cells can cause colitis, even in the absence of functional αβ T cells ► γδ T cell-mediated colitis depends on the presence of commensal bacteria ► Treg cells can directly suppress γδ T cells through the production of IL-10</P>
Extraction of Median Plane from Facial 3D Point Cloud Based on Symmetry Analysis Using ICP Algorithm
Shinji Yamada,Huimin Lu,Joo Kooi Tan,Hyoungseop Kim,Namiko Kimura,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2018 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
Cleft lip is a kind of congenital facial morphological abnormality. In the clinical field of cleft lip, it is necessary to analyze symmetric shape. However, there is no method to analyze the cleft lip technique based on symmetrical viewpoints. On the other hand, in our previous method to find a symmetric axis using a 2D image, since the middle line is extracted only from the front view of the face moire image. There was a problem that low accuracy was obtained by slight rotation of the face and it was not possible to consider 3D information. In this paper, we propose a method to extract the median plane of the face by analyzing based on bilateral symmetry by using 3D point cloud on the face of front. By extracting the median plane, we believe that not only surgical assistance of doctor be possible but also become a clue to development of simulation software which is the end goal.