Differences in the effects of BMI on bone microstructure between loaded and unloaded bones assessed by HR-pQCT in Japanese postmenopausal women

Norifumi Fujii,Manabu Tsukamoto,Nobukazu Okimoto,Miyuki Mori,Yoshiaki Ikejiri,Toru Yoshioka,Makoto Kawasaki,Nobuhiro Kito,Junya Ozawa,Ryoichi Nakamura,Shogo Takano,Saeko Fujiwara 대한골다공증학회 2021 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.7 No.2

Objectives: The relationship between weight-related load and bone mineral density (BMD)/bone microstructure under normal load conditions using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) remains unconfirmed. The study aims to investigate the differences in effect of body mass index (BMI) on BMD/bone microstructure of loaded and unloaded bones, respectively, in Japanese postmenopausal women. Methods: Fifty-seven postmenopausal women underwent HR-pQCT on the tibia and radius. Correlation analysis, principal component (PC) analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression were performed to examine the relationship between BMI and HR-pQCT parameters. Results: Several microstructural parameters of the tibia and radius correlated with BMI through a simple correlation analysis, and these relationships remained unchanged even with an age-adjusted partial correlation analysis. PC analysis was conducted using seven bone microstructure parameters. The first PC (PC1) reflected all parameters of trabecular and cortical bone microstructures, except for cortical porosity, whereas the second PC (PC2) reflected only cortical bone microstructure. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that BMI was more strongly related to BMD/bone microstructure in the tibia than in the radius. Furthermore, BMI was associated with trabecular/cortical BMD, and PC1 (not PC2) of the tibia and radius. Thus, BMI was strongly related to the trabecular bone microstructure rather than the cortical bone microstructure. Conclusions: Our data confirmed that BMI is associated with volumetric BMD and trabecular bone microstructure parameters in the tibia and radius. However, although BMI may be more related to HRpQCT parameters in the tibia than in the radius, the magnitude of association is modest.

Effects of Geometrical Uncertainties on Whole Breast Radiotherapy: A Comparison of Four Different Techniques

Naoki Nakamura,Osamu Takahashi,Minobu Kamo,Shogo Hatanaka,Haruna Endo,Norifumi Mizuno,Naoto Shikama,Mami Ogita,Kenji Sekiguchi 한국유방암학회 2014 Journal of breast cancer Vol.17 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the targetcoverage, homogeneity, and robustness of the dose distributionsagainst geometrical uncertainties associated with fourwhole breast radiotherapy techniques. Methods: The study wasbased on the planning-computed tomography-datasets of 20patients who underwent whole breast radiotherapy. A total offour treatment plans (wedge, field-in-field [FIF], hybrid intensitymodulatedradiotherapy [IMRT], and full IMRT) were created foreach patient. The hybrid IMRT plans comprised two opposedtangential open beams plus two IMRT beams. Setup errors weresimulated by moving the beam isocenters by 5 mm in the anterioror posterior direction. Results: With the original plan, thewedge technique yielded a high volume receiving ≥107% of theprescription dose (V107; 7.5%±4.2%), whereas the other threetechniques yielded excellent target coverage and homogeneity. A 5 mm anterior displacement caused a large and significant increasein the V107 (+5.2%±4.1%, p<0.01) with the FIF plan, butnot with the hybrid IMRT (+0.4%±1.2%, p=0.11) or full IMRT(+0.7%±1.8%, p=0.10) plan. A 5-mm posterior displacementcaused a large decrease in the V95 with the hybrid IMRT (-2.5%±3.7%, p<0.01) and full IMRT (-4.3%±5.1%, p<0.01) plans, butnot with the FIF plan (+0.1%±0.7%, p=0.74). The decrease inV95 was significantly smaller with the hybrid IMRT plan than withthe full IMRT plan (p<0.01). Conclusion: The FIF, hybrid IMRT,and full IMRT plans offered excellent target coverage and homogeneity. Hybrid IMRT provided better robustness against geometricaluncertainties than full IMRT, whereas FIF provided comparablerobustness to that of hybrid IMRT

A Method for Evaluating of Asymmetry on Cleft Lip Using Symmetry Plane

Satoru Sawada,Tohru Kamiya,Namiko Kimura-Nomoto,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Cleft lip is one of the most common morphological abnormalities that occur when the fetal lips are torn. Cleft lip is treated with multiple surgical procedures. However, there is a problem that the evaluation of surgical results depends on the subjectivity of doctors and the degree of symmetry is difficult to evaluate quantitatively. Therefore, as a previous study, a method for detecting and evaluating the plane of symmetry of the face with an asymmetric region was proposed, however, there remained a problem with the accuracy of separation of the asymmetry between patients and healthy subjects. In this paper, we propose an asymmetry evaluation method with high separation accuracy using the plane of symmetry of the face. The plane of symmetry used as the evaluation standard is obtained by adjusting the plane of symmetry of the entire face to the plane of symmetry of the surgical region. The asymmetry is evaluated by the evaluation index using the depth information with the plane of symmetry as the reference. By comparing the proposed method with the conventional method, the degree of separation of asymmetry between patients and healthy subjects was improved, and more useful results were obtained as an evaluation index.

Injury-Mediated Vascular Regeneration Requires Endothelial ER71/ETV2

Park, Changwon,Lee, Tae-Jin,Bhang, Suk Ho,Liu, Fang,Nakamura, Rei,Oladipupo, Sunday S.,Pitha-Rowe, Ian,Capoccia, Benjamin,Choi, Hong Seo,Kim, Tae Min,Urao, Norifumi,Ushio-Fukai, Masuko,Lee, Dongjun,Mi American Heart Association, Inc. 2016 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol.36 No.1

<P>Objective Comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms regulating angiogenesis might provide new strategies for angiogenic therapies for treating diverse physiological and pathological ischemic conditions. The E-twenty six (ETS) factor Ets variant 2 (ETV2; aka Ets-related protein 71) is essential for the formation of hematopoietic and vascular systems. Despite its indispensable function in vessel development, ETV2 role in adult angiogenesis has not yet been addressed. We have therefore investigated the role of ETV2 in vascular regeneration. Approach and Results We used endothelial Etv2 conditional knockout mice and ischemic injury models to assess the role of ETV2 in vascular regeneration. Although Etv2 expression was not detectable under steady-state conditions, its expression was readily observed in endothelial cells after injury. Mice lacking endothelial Etv2 displayed impaired neovascularization in response to eye injury, wounding, or hindlimb ischemic injury. Lentiviral Etv2 expression in ischemic hindlimbs led to improved recovery of blood perfusion with enhanced vessel formation. After injury, fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk1), aka VEGFR2, expression and neovascularization were significantly upregulated by Etv2, whereas Flk1 expression and vascular endothelial growth factor response were significantly blunted in Etv2-deficient endothelial cells. Conversely, enforced Etv2 expression enhanced vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated endothelial sprouting from embryoid bodies. Lentiviral Flk1 expression rescued angiogenesis defects in endothelial Etv2 conditional knockout mice after hindlimb ischemic injury. Furthermore, Etv2(+/-); Flk1(+/-) double heterozygous mice displayed a more severe hindlimb ischemic injury response compared with Etv2(+/-) or Flk1(+/-) heterozygous mice, revealing an epistatic interaction between ETV2 and FLK1 in vascular regeneration. Conclusions Our study demonstrates a novel obligatory role for the ETV2 in postnatal vascular repair and regeneration.</P>

Detection of Facial Symmetric Plane Based on Registration of 3D Point Cloud

Daisuke Hosoki,Huimin Lu,Hyoungseop Kim,Namiko Kimura,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2019 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

Cleft lip is a birth defect that occurs when the lips are not completely formed during healing of the face of the fetus. In Japan, it occurs in about 1 in 500 people. Although treatment is performed to form a symmetrical outer nose, it is necessary to evaluate the degree of symmetry of the surgical site quantitatively because it is based on the judgment criteria that depend on the doctor"s subjectivity. In this paper, we propose a method to detect the plane which is the symmetry basis of the face to analyze the symmetry of the operation site. In the proposed method, the face organ is detected as points from 3D point cloud of the face. Then, the mirror image inversion excluding the area affected by shape change due to cleft lip is aligned with the original point cloud. Next, a symmetric plane is set by finding a plane that bisects vertically between one point in the original point cloud and the corresponding point in the mirror image. As a result of applying the proposed method to real 3D point cloud, we could detect the symmetric plane with good accuracy.

Symmetric Plane Detection and Symmetry Analysis from A 3D Point Cloud Data of Face

Daisuke Hosoki,Tohru Kamiya,Namiko Kimura-Nomoto,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2020 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

Cleft lip occurs in about 1 in 500 people and is a congenital anomaly that occurs when the lips are not completely formed in the process of fetal face fusion. The treatment of the cleft lip is performed for the purpose of forming bilaterally symmetrical lips and external nose. However, it is based on a criterion that depends on subjectivity, quantitatively determining the degree of symmetry of the surgical site is required. In this paper, we propose a method for detecting the face that serves as the symmetry basis of the face to analyze the symmetry of the surgical site, and an index that indicates the symmetry. In the proposed method, after detecting the facial organs as points in the 3D point cloud data of the subject’s face, we align the mirror image inversion excluding the region from upper lip to the tip of the nose where the effect of shape change due to cleft lip is remarkable with the original point cloud. Next, the symmetric reference plane is set by finding a plane that bisects vertically between one point in the original point cloud and the corresponding point in the mirror image inversion. As a result, the target reference plane is detected with high accuracy. Furthermore, as a result of applying the symmetry analysis method based on the target reference plane, it was possible to visually represent the left-right asymmetric region.

Facial Symmetry Analysis for Cleft Lip Patients from 4D Point Cloud Data

Narumi Kihara,Namiko Kimura-Nomoto,Takako Okawachi,Guangxu Li,Norifumi Nakamura,Tohru Kamiya 제어로봇시스템학회 2023 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.10

Image Analysis of Cleft Lip from Moire Image Based on Symmetry Analysis

Shinji YAMADA,Huimin LU,Joo Kooi TAN,Hyoungseop KIM,Namiko KIMURA,Takako OKAWACHI,Etsuro NOZOE,Norifumi NAKAMURA 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10

About 4% of babies in Japan suffer from congenital anomalies. Cleft lip is the most common disorder among external malformations occurring at a rate of 1 in 500 people. The goal of treatment is to recover symmetric and functional lips and nose forms. However, in the case of unilateral cleft lip where the lips and nose themselves are shifted from the midline of the face, it is difficult to set the midline which is the symmetry axis for evaluating the degree of symmetry of the face. In this paper, we propose an image processing method for extracting the midline using zebra image and shadow image which are two dimensional image created based on three dimensional analysis. Also, we evaluate the degree of asymmetry of the face by using the midline as the axis. As a result of applying the proposed method to 25 cases, which indicated that the proposed method is useful.

Extraction of Median Plane from Facial 3D Point Cloud Based on Symmetry Analysis Using ICP Algorithm

Shinji Yamada,Huimin Lu,Joo Kooi Tan,Hyoungseop Kim,Namiko Kimura,Takako Okawachi,Etsuro Nozoe,Norifumi Nakamura 제어로봇시스템학회 2018 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Cleft lip is a kind of congenital facial morphological abnormality. In the clinical field of cleft lip, it is necessary to analyze symmetric shape. However, there is no method to analyze the cleft lip technique based on symmetrical viewpoints. On the other hand, in our previous method to find a symmetric axis using a 2D image, since the middle line is extracted only from the front view of the face moire image. There was a problem that low accuracy was obtained by slight rotation of the face and it was not possible to consider 3D information. In this paper, we propose a method to extract the median plane of the face by analyzing based on bilateral symmetry by using 3D point cloud on the face of front. By extracting the median plane, we believe that not only surgical assistance of doctor be possible but also become a clue to development of simulation software which is the end goal.