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Genetic characterization of porcine circovirus-2 field isolates from PMWS pigs
Young S. Lyoo,YoungS.Lyoo 대한수의학회 2002 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.3 No.1
PMWS is a new emerging disease in swine herdsworldwide. Field isolates of PCV-2, a putative majorcausative agent of PMWS, were isolated and geneticalycharacterized. Viral genome of two field isolates(PC201DJ and PC201SS) from pigs showing typicalPMWS was equenced. The nucleotide sequence homologywith other PCV-2 isolates was ranging from 95% to99% in complete viral genomic sequence. The highlywas identical to that of other PCV-2 isolates. Todetermine the genetic heterogeneity of PCV-2 isolates,t h e p h y l o g e n e t i c t r e e b a s e d o n t h e c o m p l e t e g e n o m eof PCV-2 isolates were constructed. Two PCV-2 fieldisolates were closely related to Canadian isolates ofPCV-2. PCV-2 isolated from field may have an originof North America nd is posibly originated fromimportation of breding stocks. The result indicatesthat although the genome of PCV-2 is relatively stablein general, minor genetic variations exist amongPCV-2 isolates from the diferent geographic locations.important implication for genetic characteristics ofPCV-2 infection. Thre major imunorelevant epitopesof capsid protein showed variations in amino acidsequences. Also, the variance of amino acid sequencein antigenic epitope xisted betwen two KoreanPCV-2 isolates.
Room Temperature Polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole in Tetrahydrofuran
Lyoo, Won-Seok,Kwak, Jin-Woo,Noh, Seok-Kyun,Kim, Dae-Heum,Lee, Jinwon,Kim, Nakjoong,Park, Ki-Hong,Lee, Chul-Joo The Korean Fiber Society 2004 Fibers and polymers Vol.5 No.2
N-Vinylcarbazole (VCZ) was solution-polymerized in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 25, 35, and $45^{\circ}C$ using a room temperature initiator, 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (ADMVN); the effects of amount of solvent, polymerization temperature, and initiator concentration were investigated. On the whole, the experimental results corresponded to predicted ones. Room polymerization temperature using ADMVN proved to be successful in obtaining poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVCZ) of high molecular weight with small temperature rise during polymerization, nevertheless of free radical polymerization by azoinitiator. The polymerization rate of VCZ in THF was proportional to the 0.47 power of ADMVN concentration. The molecular weight was higher and the molecular weight distribution was narrower with PVCZ polymerized at lower temperatures. For PVCZ prepared in THF at $25^{\circ}C$ using ADMVN concentration of 0.00005 mol/mol of VCZ, weight-average molecular weight of 221,000 was obtained, with polydispersity index of 2.05, and degree of lightness converged to about 99%.
Lyoo, Young S.,Kim, Jin-hyun,Park, Choi-kyu The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1999 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.39 No.2
New emerging post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) threatening swine industry worldwide and investigation of the etiological agent is underway. The porcine circovirus (PCV) consistently identified from PMWS pigs and research result indicate that there is strong relationship between PCV and PMWS. Fauns with PMWS submitted pigs suffered from various PMWS typical signs and necropsy finding showed lymph node anomalies. The PCV DNA was amplified from inguinal lymph node collected from pigs with PMWS. PCV specific primers were successfully amplified PCV DNAs and were able to differentiate PCV type I and II. We have identified noble PCV virus with genetic variation. The virus showed insertion of the nucleic acid at the 5' of the genome but did not have PCR product with primer set corresponding to PCV type II virus.
Lyoo, Won-Seok,Noh, Seok-Kyun,Yeum, Jeong-Hyun,Kang, Gu-Chan,Ghim, Han-Do,Lee, Jinwon,Ji, Byung-Chul The Korean Fiber Society 2004 Fibers and polymers Vol.5 No.1
To obtain high molecular weight (HMW) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with high conversion, methyl methacrylate (MMA) was polymerized in suspension using a room temperature initiator, 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (ADMVN), and the effects of polymerization conditions on the polymerization behavior of MMA and the molecular parameters of PMMA were investigated. On the whole, the experimental results well corresponded to the theoretically predicted tendencies. These effects could be explained by a kinetic order of ADMVN concentration calculated by an initial rate method and an activation energy difference of polymerization obtained from the Arrhenius plot. Suspension polymerization at 25℃ by adopting ADMVN proved to be successful in obtaining PMMA of HMW (number-average degree of polymerization (P/sub n/): 30,900-36,100) and of high yield (ultimate conversion of MMA into PMMA: 83-93 %) with diminishing heat generated during polymerization. The P/sub n/ and lightness were higher and polydispersity index was lower with PMMA polymerized at lower temperatures.
Lyoo, In Kyoon,Dager, Stephen R,Kim, Jieun E,Yoon, Sujung J,Friedman, Seth D,Dunner, David L,Renshaw, Perry F American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2010 Neuropsychopharmacology Vol.35 No.8
Preclinical studies suggest that lithium may exert neurotrophic effects that counteract pathological processes in the brain of patients with bipolar disorder (BD). To describe and compare the course and magnitude of gray matter volume changes in patients with BD who are treated with lithium or valproic acid (VPA) compared to healthy comparison subjects, and to assess clinical relationships to gray matter volume changes induced by lithium in patients with BD, we conducted longitudinal brain imaging and clinical evaluations of treatment response in 22 mood-stabilizing and antipsychotic medications-naive patients with BD who were randomly assigned to either lithium or VPA treatment after baseline assessment. Fourteen healthy comparison subjects did not take any psychotropic medications during follow-up. Longitudinal data analyses of 93 serial magnetic resonance images revealed lithium-induced increases in gray matter volume, which peaked at week 10–12 and were maintained through 16 weeks of treatment. This increase was associated with positive clinical response. In contrast, VPA-treated patients with BD or healthy comparison subjects did not show gray matter volume changes over time. Results suggest that lithium induces sustained increases in cerebral gray matter volume in patients with BD and that these changes are related to the therapeutic efficacy of lithium.
LYOO, YOUNGSOO,PARK, DONGKI,LEE, SANGMOK,CHOI, YIDON,JUNG, JIHYUN,JUN, TAEIL,AHN, HONGSUK,LEE, CHUL-HOON,LIM, YOONGHO 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2001 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.11 No.2
Porcine pneumonia is caused by Pasturella multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. To identify a potent drug for antipneumonia therapy, several herbal compounds showing antibacterial effects were screened, and it was found that a methanol extract of Coptidis rhizoma root stem exhibited activity against both pneumonia-causing bacteria. Using an activity-guided fragmentation procedure, an isoquinoline alkaloid was isolated which would be responsible for the antibacterial activities against P. multocida and A. pleuropneumoniae.
Virulence of a novel reassortant canine H3N2 influenza virus in ferret, dog and mouse models
Lyoo, K. S.,Na, W.,Yeom, M.,Jeong, D. G.,Kim, C. U.,Kim, J. K.,Song, D. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Archives of virology Vol.161 No.7
<P>An outbreak of a canine influenza virus (CIV) H3N2 reassortant derived from pandemic (pdm) H1N1 and CIV H3N2 in companion animals has underscored the urgent need to monitor CIV infections for potential zoonotic transmission of influenza viruses to humans. In this study, we assessed the virulence of a novel CIV H3N2 reassortant, VC378, which was obtained from a dog that was coinfected with pdm H1N1 and CIV H3N2, in ferrets, dogs, and mice. Significantly enhanced virulence of VC378 was demonstrated in mice, although the transmissibility and pathogenicity of VC378 were similar to those of classical H3N2 in ferrets and dogs. This is notable because mice inoculated with an equivalent dose of classical CIV H3N2 showed no clinical signs and no lethality. We found that the PA and NS gene segments of VC378 were introduced from pdmH1N1, and these genes included the amino acid substitutions PA-P224S and NS-I123V, which were previously found to be associated with increased virulence in mice. Thus, we speculate that the natural reassortment between pdm H1N1 and CIV H3N2 can confer virulence and that continuous surveillance is needed to monitor the evolution of CIV in companion animals.</P>