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A Quaternion Weighted Fourier Linear Combiner for Modeling Physiological Tremor
Adhikari, Kabita,Tatinati, Sivanagaraja,Ang, Wei Tech,Veluvolu, Kalyana C.,Nazarpour, Kianoush IEEE 2016 IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Vol.63 No.11
<P>Goal: This paper offers a new approach to model physiological tremor aiming at attenuating undesired vibrations of the tip of microsurgical instruments. Method: Several tremor modeling algorithms, such as the weighted Fourier linear combiner (wFLC), have proved effective. They, however, treat the three-dimensional (3-D) tremor signal as three independent 1-D signals in the x-, y-, and z-axes. In addition, the force f by which a surgeon holds the instrument has never been taken into account in modeling. Hence, conventional algorithms are inherently blind to any potential multidimensional couplings. Results: We first show that there exists statistically significant subject-and task-dependent coherence between data in the x-, y-, z-, and f-axes. We hypothesize that a filter that models the tremor in 4-D (x, y, z, and f) yields a more accurate model of tremor. We, therefore, developed a quaternion version of the wFLC algorithm and termed it QwFLC. We tested the proposed QwFLC algorithm with real physiological tremor data that were recorded from five novice subjects and four experienced microsurgeons. Although compared to wFLC, QwFLC requires six times larger computational resources, we showed that QwFLC can improve the modeling by up to 67% and that the improvement is proportional to the total coherence between the tremor in xyz and the force signal. Conclusion: By taking into account interactions of the 3-D tremor and the force data, the tremor modeling performance enhances significantly.</P>
Essential oils and their pharmacotherapeutics applications in human diseases
Panda Sneha,Sahoo Soumya,Tripathy Kabita,Singh Yengkhom Disco,Sarma Mrinal Kumar,Babu Punuri Jayasekhar,Singh Mayanglambam Chandrakumar 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.1
Essential oils (EOs) are natural products obtained from different parts of a plant, such as flower, leaves, stems, fruits, seeds, roots, barks, or resin. It represents an important part of traditional pharmacopeia practices in healing of human ailments. It is used as raw materials in cosmetics, spices, foods, perfumes, and in treatment of several health disorders. There are several methods for extracting EOs from plants. They are the methods like hydro-distillation, steam distillation, hydro diffusion and cold pressing to name a few. The use of EOs as antimicrobial and pharmaceutical agents for curing various diseases has gained a considerable attraction of researchers in recent times. The complex mixture of EOs and their constituents have been reported to inhibit human pathogens, insects, and another harmful organism. The current review focusses on the chemical bioactive components of EOs, methods of extraction, chemical constituent, different plants as source of extraction and its application towards the treatment of various diseases in our day to day life, in vivo validation of essential oil, nanoformula- tion of essential oils
Blood group phenotype frequencies in blood donors from a tertiary care hospital in north India
Nitin Agarwal,Rakesh Mohan Thapliyal,Kabita Chatterjee 대한혈액학회 2013 Blood Research Vol.48 No.1
Background Knowledge about the frequency of red blood cell-antigen phenotypes in a population can be helpful in the creation of a donor data bank for the preparation of indigenous cell panels and for providing antigen-negative compatible blood to patients with multiple alloantibodies. Methods ABO and RhD blood grouping was performed on 9,280 continuous voluntary and replacement donors. For other rare blood groups, 508 ACD blood samples were obtained from the donors at the Blood Bank of the Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. Blood group antigens were determined by tube method using anti-sera (Bio-Rad, USA), and the phenotype frequencies were expressed as percentages. Results Group B (37.39%) was the most common, followed by group O (31.85%). R1R1 and rr were the most common phenotypes amongst Rh positive and Rh negative groups, respectively. A rare phenotype R2Rz was found in one donor. For Kidd and Duffy blood group systems, Jk (a+b+) and Fy (a+b+) were the most common phenotypes (46.06% and 48.03%, respectively). The most common phenotypes for MNSs, Lu, and Kell blood groups were M+N+, S-s+, Lu (a-b+), and K-k+, respectively. A very rare case of Fy (a-b-) and Jk (a-b-) was found in a single donor. ConclusionThis study is the first small step to create a rare donor data bank and to prepare indigenouscell panels to provide compatible blood to all multi-transfused alloimmunized patients.
Blood group phenotype frequencies in blood donors from a tertiary care hospital in north India
Nitin Agarwal,Rakesh Mohan Thapliyal,Kabita Chatterjee 대한혈액학회 2013 Blood Research Vol.48 No.1
Background Knowledge about the frequency of red blood cell-antigen phenotypes in a population can be helpful in the creation of a donor data bank for the preparation of indigenous cell panels and for providing antigen-negative compatible blood to patients with multiple alloantibodies. Methods ABO and RhD blood grouping was performed on 9,280 continuous voluntary and replacement donors. For other rare blood groups, 508 ACD blood samples were obtained from the donors at the Blood Bank of the Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. Blood group antigens were determined by tube method using anti-sera (Bio-Rad, USA), and the phenotype frequencies were expressed as percentages. Results Group B (37.39%) was the most common, followed by group O (31.85%). R1R1 and rr were the most common phenotypes amongst Rh positive and Rh negative groups, respectively. A rare phenotype R2Rz was found in one donor. For Kidd and Duffy blood group systems, Jk (a+b+) and Fy (a+b+) were the most common phenotypes (46.06% and 48.03%, respectively). The most common phenotypes for MNSs, Lu, and Kell blood groups were M+N+, S-s+, Lu (a-b+), and K-k+, respectively. A very rare case of Fy (a-b-) and Jk (a-b-) was found in a single donor. ConclusionThis study is the first small step to create a rare donor data bank and to prepare indigenouscell panels to provide compatible blood to all multi-transfused alloimmunized patients.
Comparison of Protein Profiles of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum) Seeds of Various Korean Cultivars
Swapan Kumar Roy,Soo-Jeong Kwon,Je-Hyeok Yu,Kabita Sarker,Seong-Woo Cho,Young-Ja Moon,Tae-Wook Jung,Cheol-Ho Park,Sun-Hee Woo 한국작물학회 2017 한국작물학회지 Vol.62 No.1
Seed storage proteins are used as carbon and nitrogen sources for the nutritional improvement of seeds. Since the composition of proteins from the Korean cultivars of proso millet is unknown, this study was conducted to obtain a reference map of millet seed proteins and identify the functional characteristics of the identified proteins. Proteins extracted from proso millet seeds of various cultivars were investigated using proteomic techniques such as 2-D electrophoresis coupled with mass fingerprinting; 1152 (differentially expressed) protein spots were detected on the 2-D gels. Among them, 26 reproducible protein spots were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Out of the 26 proteins, 2 proteins were upregulated in all the millet cultivars, while 13 proteins were upregulated and 11 proteins were downregulated in 2 cultivars. Abundance of most of the identified protein species associated with polysaccharide and starch metabolism, transcription, and pathogenesis was significantly enhanced, while that of other protein species involved in glycolysis, stress response, and transduction was severely reduced. Taken together, the results suggest that the differential expression of the proteins from the four millet cultivars may be cultivar-specific. By conducting a proteomic investigation of millet seeds from different cultivars, we sought to better understand the functional categorization of individual proteins on the basis of their molecular functions. We believe that the identified proteins may help in investigating genetic variations in millet cultivars.