http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
『정선당송천가련주시격(精選唐宋千家聯珠詩格)』에 활용된 송(宋)ㆍ원대(元代) 문학비평서의 문헌학적 검토
류화정 ( Ryu¸ Hwa-jeong ) 한국한문학회 2021 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.- No.83
『精選唐宋千家聯珠詩格』(이하, 『聯珠詩格』)은 于濟ㆍ蔡正孫의 絶句選集이다. 이 책이 국내로 유입된 시기를 명확히 알 수 없지만, ‘絶句는 『연주시격』’이라는 공식이 전해질 정도로 유행했다. 1483년에는 成宗이 직접 이 책의 諺解와 註解를 명했다. 언해는 완성되었는지 알 수 없지만, 주해는 1485년 徐居正을 중심으로 1차 완성되었고, 1492년에 성종이 다시 安琛 등에게 補削을 요구하여 1502년에 간행되었다. 채정손의 評釋을 의식하여 ‘增註’라고 이름 붙인 朝鮮 註解本은 이후에 원본 『연주시격』을 대체하여 일본으로 전해지고, 중국에도 역수출되었다. 『연주시격』과 같은 詩選集이 한시 학습서로 수용된 데는 고려로부터 이어진 宋ㆍ元代 批評書에 대한 독서와 이해가 전제되어 있다. 黃庭堅을 인지하고, 江西詩派를 발전적으로 수용하여 海東江西詩派까지 출현하게 된 것이다. 그럼에도 송ㆍ원대 비평이 조선 초기까지 꾸준히 영향력을 발휘했다는 것을 드러낼 수 있는 자료들이 비교적 드물어서, 비펑서들의 유입과 활용 양상을 충분히 규명하기 어려웠다. 이런 상황에서 국가적인 사업으로 진행된 『연주시격』의 增註에 활용된 송ㆍ원대 비평서를 검토해 보는 것은, 자료의 한계를 어느 정도 극복할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 조선초기 문학비평과의 관련성을 재고해 볼 수 있는 계기가 될 수도 있을 것이다. 물론, 증주에 인용되었다고 모두 당시 문단에 영향을 끼쳤다고 할 수는 없다. 기록이 남아 있지 않은 시화집과 시선집들의 존재를 확인하고, 주해 내용을 통해 비평서의 활용 양상을 짐작해 볼 수 있다는 점에서 조선 초기 문학비평을 이해하는 하나의 방법이 될 수 있다고 생각한다. 『JeongSeonDangSongCheonGaYeonJuShiGeok』(『精選唐宋千家聯珠詩格』) (Abbreviation, 『聯珠詩格』) is a book of selections of JeolGu(絶句) by 于濟ㆍ蔡正孫. It is not clear when this book came into the country. The slogan, ‘絶句 is 『聯珠詩格』’ was so popular that it was passed on. SungJong(成宗) ordered Korean translation of Chinese classics(諺解) andannotation(註解) of this book in 1483. It is not known whether 諺解 is complete. 註解 was first completed around 徐居正 in 1485. In 1492, 成宗 asked 安琛 and a few others to make up again, and it was published in 1502. The ‘增註’, named 朝鮮 註解本, was later exported to Japan as a replacement for the original, and was also exported back to China. Acceptance of 『聯珠詩格』 was possible because the Literature Criticism of hat followed from Goryeo was premised. Recognition of 黃庭堅, developmental acceptance of 江西詩派, the appearance of 海東江西詩派, these are examples. Nevertheless, the lack of data, it difficult to identify the inflow and utilization aspects of the early 朝鮮. In this situation, it is meaningful to review the Literature Criticism that was used for 『聯珠詩格』 增註. The limits of the data can be overcome and it can be an opportunity to reconsider literary criticism in the early 朝鮮. Of course, not all of these books influenced at the time. I think this can be a way to understand literary criticism in the early 朝鮮, given that we can guess the usage of critical books through the contents of the notes.
( Hwajeong Lee ),( Hyun Joung Choi ),( Kwang Moon Yang ),( Min Jung Kim ),( Sun Hwa Cha ),( Hyun Jeong Yi ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.61 No.1
Objective We investigated whether luteal estrogen administration and an early follicular Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (E/G-ant) priming protocol improves clinical outcomes in poor responders to controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer, and identified underlying mechanisms. Methods This restrospective study consisted of 65 poor responders who underwent the E/G-ant priming protocol. Sixty-four other poor responders undergoing conventional protocols without pretreatment were included as the control group. Clinical outcomes were compared between 2 groups. Results The E/G-ant priming protocol group exhibited improvements over the control group in terms of the number of retrieved oocytes (3.58±2.24 vs. 1.70±1.45; P=0.000), mature oocytes (2.68±2.11 vs. 1.65±1.23; P=0.000), fertilized oocytes (2.25± 1.74 vs. 1.32±1.26; P=0.001), good embryos (1.62±0.91 vs. 1.14±0.90, P=0.021). Day 3 follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; 8.40±4.84 vs. 16.39±13.56; P=0.000) and pre-ovulation progesterone levels (0.67 vs. 1.28 ng/mL; P=0.016) were significantly higher in the control group than in the E/G-ant priming group. The overall rate of positive human chorionic gonadotropin tests was higher in the E/G-ant priming group than in the control group (32.3% vs.16.1%; P=0.039). Also, clinical pregnancy rate (26.2% vs. 12.5%; P=0.048) and the rate of live births (23.1% vs. 7.1%; P=0.023) were significantly higher in the E/G-ant priming group than in the control group. Conclusion The E/G-ant priming protocol would lead to promising results in poor responders to IVF by suppressing endogenous FSH and by preventing premature luteinization.
Hwajeong Kim,Minjung Shin,Jiho Park,Youngkyoo Kim IEEE 2010 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY Vol.9 No.3
<P>In this paper, we report the effect of long annealing time device and the influence of incident light intensity on the performance of polymer solar cells prepared using a Ca/Al top electrode and a blend film of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) and soluble fullerene as a photoactive layer. Results showed that the device performance exhibited a four-stage trend with annealing time, which was attributed to the continuous change of nanomorphology in blend films. In particular, the longest time annealing (300 min) did not degrade the device performance, thus indicating durability of the thin Ca electrode. Interestingly, an extremely high fill factor (76%-82%) was obtained at a low light intensity.</P>
A NOTE ON THE JACOBI FIELDS ON MANIFOLDS
( Hwajeong Kim ) 호남수학회 2016 호남수학학술지 Vol.38 No.2
We consider Jacobi fields as the first derivatives for ε, the energy of harmonic extensions, in a given manifold. In this paper we see that the Jacobi field is bounded by the given boundary map. Here we give no restriction concerned with the curvature for the given manifold.
VECTORIAL LINEAR CONNECTIONS WITH PARALLEL TORSION
( Hwajeong Kim ) 호남수학회 2024 호남수학학술지 Vol.46 No.1
In this article, we consider a connection of vectorial type in some sense which is not a metric connection. We will then discuss when this connection □* has parallel torsion T, that is, □*T = 0.
A FAMILY OF CHARACTERISTIC CONNECTIONS
Hwajeong Kim 충청수학회 2013 충청수학회지 Vol.26 No.4
The characteristic connection is a good substitute for Levi-Civita connection in studying non-integrable geometries. In this paper we consider the homogeneous space U(3)=(U(1)£U(1)£ U(1)) with a one-parameter family of Hermitian structures. We prove that the one-parameter family of Hermtian structures admita characteristic connection. We also compute the torsion of the characteristic connecitons.
THE CHARACTERISTIC CONNECTION ON 6-DIMENSIONAL ALMOST HERMITIAN MANIFOLDS
Hwajeong Kim 충청수학회 2011 충청수학회지 Vol.25 No.4
The characteristic connection is a good substitute for the Levi-Civita connection, especially in studying non-integrable geometries. Unfortunately, not every geometric structure has the characteristic connection. In this paper we consider the space U(3)=(U(1)£U(1)£U(1)) with an almost Hermitian structure and prove that it has a geometric structure admitting the characteristic con- nection.