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와타나베히로시 ( Watanabe¸ Hiroshi ) 퇴계학연구원 2020 退溪學報 Vol.148 No.-
일본에서는 李退溪와 같은 성리학자가 지폐의 초상화가 된다는 것은 상상할 수 없는 일입니다. 어떻게 16세기의 주자학ㆍ성리학자가, 자유로운 민주국가인 대한민국을 대표하는 상징이 될 수 있는 것일까요? 분명히 朱子學ㆍ性理學 자체는 대한민국과 같은 현대국가의 사상ㆍ신조가 될 수는 없는데, 왜일까요? 아마도 고상한 도덕을 추구하는 퇴계의 이상주의적인 태도가 하나의 이유가 될 수 있는데, “四端”과 “七情”을 구분하는 그의 독특한 이론에 잘 나타나있습니다. 또 다른 이유는 아마 보편성의 중요성에 대한 퇴계의 확고한 믿음일 수 있습니다. 그에게, 윤리적으로 산다는 것은 치우치지 않는 道里과 합치하게 행동한다는 것인데, 이는 어떤 인간에게도 적용될 수 있습니다. 이와 같은 해석이 과도하게 벗어난 것이 아니라면, 이퇴계가 대한민국의 자랑스러운 상징이 되는 것이 납득 됩니다. It is unthinkable in Japan that a portrait of Zhu-Xi Neo-Confucianist like Yi Toegye is on the bill issued by the central bank. Why is it possible in Korea, a free, democratic country that a Zhu-Xi Neo-Confucianist in the 16th century would be treated as a symbol of the nation? Clearly Zhu-Xi Neo-Confucianism itself cannot be the orthodoxy of a modern nation like ROK. Then why? Probably, one reason is Toegye’s idealistic attitude to pursue lofty morality, which is shown in his unique theory on the distinction between “the four beginnings” and “the seven emotions.” Another reason might be Toegye’s firm belief in the importance of universality. For him, to be ethical is to behave in accordance with the universal principles, which can be applied to any human beings. If these interpretations are not off the point, it is understandable that Yi Toegye is a proud symbol of the Korean nation.
Prostate stem cell antigen gene is expressed in islets of pancreas
Hiroe Ono,Kazuyoshi Yanagihara,Hiromi Sakamoto,Teruhiko Yoshida,Norihisa Saeki 대한해부학회 2012 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.45 No.3
Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface antigen with an organ-dependent expression pattern in cancers; e.g., up-regulated in prostate cancer and down-regulated in gastric cancer. Previously it was reported that PSCA is not expressed in the normal pancreas but aberrantly expressed in pancreatic cancer. In this present study, we identified PSCA expression in islets of the pancreas by immunohistochemistry, which was co-localized with four islet-cell markers: insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. In our investigation of the transcription start site of PSCA, we found a non-coding splicing variant of PSCA as well as authentic PSCA transcripts in mRNA samples from a normal pancreas. Both the transcripts were also identified in several pancreatic cancer cell lines. We previously reported that PSCA expression is correlated to the methylation status of the enhancer region in gastric and gallbladder cancer cell lines but not in pancreatic cancer cell lines, suggesting that PSCA expression is regulated in a different mode in pancreatic cancer from that in gastric and gallbladder cancers.
ASEAN and the BRI: The Utility of Equidistant Diplomacy with China and the US
( Hiro Katsumata ),( Shingo Nagata ) 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2019 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.7 No.2
The aim of the present study is to shed light on the diplomatic achievements of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), by exploring the way in which it has dealt with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) implemented by China. ASEAN is little more than an association of minor powers with insignificant military and economic capabilities. However, in its dealings with the BRI, it has proactively advanced its own interests by skillfully conducting equidistant diplomacy with China and the US, without becoming too remote from or too close to either one of them, thereby reaping benefits from its favorable relations with each of them.