민간부문 건설사업관리 활성화방안

이정희,장홍진,구교진,김옥규,현창택,김양현 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1

Since, korean government introduced Construction Management system by the law in 1997, only a few public construction projects have been adopted the system Nevertheless there are many laws which are related in public construction projects, Construction Management is positively carried out by non-government. About the activation plan of Construction Management questionnaire was inquired by experts in construction. The purpose of this study is to give a solution by finding out the problem of the laws, reconstructions remodelings.

The Effect of Potassium Hydroxide on the Porosity of Phenol Resin-based Activated Carbon Fiber

Hang-Kyo Jin 한국탄소학회 2006 Carbon Letters Vol.7 No.3

Activated carbon fiber could be prepared at 973 K by catalytic activation using potassium hydroxide. Phenol resin fiber (Kynol) was impregnated with potassium hydroxide ethanol solution, carbonized and activated at 973 K, resulting in activated carbon fibers with different porosities. The potassium hydroxide accelerated the activation of the fiber catalytically to form narrow micropore preferentially in carbon dioxide atmosphere. The narrow micropore volume of 0.3~0.4 cc/g, total pore volume of 0.3~0.8 cc/g, mean pore width of 0.5~0.7 nm was obtained in the range of 20~50% burnoff.

The Effect of Potassium Hydroxide on the Porosity of Phenol Resin-based Activated Carbon Fiber

Jin, Hang-Kyo Korean Carbon Society 2006 Carbon Letters Vol.7 No.3

Activated carbon fiber could be prepared at 973 K by catalytic activation using potassium hydroxide. Phenol resin fiber (Kynol) was impregnated with potassium hydroxide ethanol solution, carbonized and activated at 973 K, resulting in activated carbon fibers with different porosities. The potassium hydroxide accelerated the activation of the fiber catalytically to form narrow micropore preferentially in carbon dioxide atmosphere. The narrow micropore volume of 0.3~0.4 cc/g, total pore volume of 0.3~0.8 cc/g, mean pore width of 0.5~0.7 nm was obtained in the range of 20~50% burnoff.

활성탄소섬유의 미세기공 특성화

진항교(Hang-Kyo Jin),이정민(Jung-Min Lee),유승곤(Seung-Kon Ryu) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1993 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.2 No.4

비표면적이 다양한 피치계 활성탄소섬유에 질소와 이산화탄소를 흡착시켜 분석하여 기공특성을 고찰하였다. 질소 등온흡착선은 전형적인 Type 1이었고 이산화탄소 등온흡착선은 위로 볼록한 곡선이었다. 비표면적이 증가할 때 BET 상수, C는 감소하였고 협미세기공부피 (narrow micropore volume)은 비슷하였으나 평균기공직경, 기공크기 분포의 폭, 광미세기공부피(wide micropore volume), 총미세기공부피(total micropore volume), 총기공부피(total pore volume), 외부표면적(external surface area)는 증가하였다. 전체기공부피 중 미세기공부피는 97% 이상으로서 활성탄보다 미세기공이 잘 발달되어 있었다. The adsorption of nitrogen (77K) and carbon dioxide(273K) was performed on a series of activated carbon fiber. The adsorption isotherm of nitrogen was typical type 1 and that of carbon dioxide was convex. As the specific surface area increases, there are linear increases in BET constant C, mean pore diameter, the width of pore size distribution, wide micropore volume, total micropore volume, total pore volume and external surface area, however, narrow micropore volume was nearly constant. The total micropore volume fraction in total pore volume is above 97%.

한국여승(韓國女僧)의 수분(水分) 및 전해질대사(電解質代謝)

최흥교(Choi, Hung-Kyo),윤진숙(Yoon, Jin-Sook),주영은(Choo, Young-Eun),이원정(Lee, Won-Jung) 대한생리학회 1982 대한생리학회지 Vol.16 No.2

장기간(長期的)인 채식섭취(菜食攝取)가 인체(人體)의 수분(水分) 및 전해질대사(電解質代謝)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 알아보기 위하여 젊은 여승(女僧) 45명(名)(20 ~ 30세(歲))과 대조군(對照群)으로는 기숙사생활(寄宿舍生活)하는 여대생(女大生) 28명(名)(20 ~ 22세(歲))을 연구대상(硏究對象)으로 하였다. 열량섭취(熱量攝取)는 여승(女僧)들이 하루에 1947 kcal였고 여대생(女大生)은 1815 kcal였다. 열량구성(熱量構成) 비율(比率)은 여승(女僧)들이 탄수화물(炭水化物) : 단백질(雲白質) : 지방(脂肪)=85 : 11 : 5였고 학생(學生)은 70 : 15 : 15였으며 이는 여승(女憎)들의 탄수화물(炭水化物) 편중(偏重) 및 지방섭취(脂肪攝取) 부족(不足)을 보여준다. 신체계측(身體計測) 결과(結果) 여승(女僧)들이 여대생(女大生)보다 신장(身長)은 낮은 반면(反面), 체중(體重) 및 지방층(脂肪層)두께는 높았다. 1일(日) 뇨량(尿量)은 여승(女僧)들이 1,697±68 ml/day로서 여대생(女大生)의 1505±67 ml/day보다 유의(有意)하게 높았으며(P<0.05), 요삼투질농도는 여승(女憎)이 617±18 mOsm/kg H₂O로 학생(學生)의 688±36 mOsm/kg n보다 유의(有意)하게 (P<0.05) 낮았다. 그러나 두 실험군(寶驗群)사이에 뇨중(尿中) Na⁺이나 K⁺의 배설율(排泄率)에는 차이(差異)가 없었으며 뇨중(尿中) 요소배설율(尿素排泄率)은 여승군(女僧群)이 5.0±0.2 g/day로서 여대생(女大生)의 6.4±0.5g/day보다 유의(有意)하게 (P<0.01) 낮았다. 여승(女僧)들의 free water clearance는 -1.82±0.08 ml/day로서 여대생(女大生)의 -2.16±0.1 4ml/day보다 높았으나(P<0.05) osmolar clearance는 차이(差異)가 없었다. 혈청(血淸) creatinine농도(濃度)나 뇨중(尿中) creatinine배설율(排泄率)은 양군(兩群)사이에 차이(差異)가 없었고 신사구체(腎絲毬體) 여과률(濾過率)을 나타내는 creatinine clearance도 차이(差異)가 없었다. 1일(日) 요배설양(尿排泄量)은 요소배설양(尿素排泄量)(r=0.42), Na⁺배설량(排池量)(r= 0.76)이 나 osmolar clearance (r=0.57)와 유의(有意)한 상관관계(相關關係)가 있었으나, free water clearance(r=0.06)와는 유의(有意)한 상관관계(相關關係)가 없었다. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)에서 여승(女僧)은 여대생(女大生)보다 뇨농축능력(尿濃縮能力)이 낮았으며 이는 여승(女僧)들의 저단백섭취(低蛋白攝取)로 인(因)한 요소(尿素), 대사(代謝)와 관계(關係)있음을 시사(示唆)해 주고 있다. The relationship between water and electrolyte metabolism, and dietary intake were studied in 45 healthy Buddhist nuns who were vegetarians aged 20-34, and 28 nursing students aged 20-22 who stayed at the dormitory of Kyungpook Medical School in the Fall, 1981. The Buddhist nuns obtained significantly higher carbohydrate and total caloric intakes but significantly lower protein and lipid intakes than the female students. The Buddhist nuns excreted significantly higher urine output(1,697±68 ml/day, p<0. 05) and lower osmolality (616±18 mOsm/kg H₂O, p<0.05) than the students (1,505±67 ml/day and 688±36 mOsm/kg H₂O$</TEX>). However, both groups excreted similar amounts of urinary Na⁺, K⁺ and total osmolar contents. Free water clearance of the Buddhist nuns was higher(p<0.05) than that of the students but the osmolar clearance was about the same in the two groups. Daily urine output showed good correlation with Na output (r=0.76) and osmolar clearance but not with free water clearance. Both groups showed similar values of plasma concentration of creatinine, daily excretion of creatinine and clearance. Urinary excretion of urea for Buddhist nuns was 6.4 g/day, and was significantly higher than that of the students (5.1g/day).

Preparation of TiO₂-Coated Polypropylene Beads by PCVD Process for Phenol Removal

Hung Cuong Pham,Dong-Joo Kim,Kyo-Seon Kim 한국표면공학회 2009 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2009 No.10

Difference of Pinch Strength According to Testing Posture and Various Flexion Degree of Elbow Joint

Hang Eun Lee,Jin Kyu Yang,Jin Hee Son,Bo Young Hwang,Mun Kyo Kim,Mi Suk Ha,Jae Heon Kim 국제물리치료학회 2010 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.1 No.2

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of the pinch strength according to testing posture(standing and sitting) and elbow flexion degree(0。, 45。, 90。and 135。). Forty normal young adults(male: 20, female: 20, mean age: 22.68±2.91 years) participated in this study. The methods of this study were categorized as follows: 1) One set of measurement was performed on four elbow flexion degrees(0。, 45。, 90。and 135。) in two testing postures(standing and sitting) and all subjects were measured for 3 sets testing procedures in every experimental sessions. 2) Pinch strength in various elbow flexion degree was measured after 2 min rest time, and then each test set was repeatedly performed with 5 min rest time to prevent fatigue of muscles involved in the elbow joint. The result was obtained as follow: 1) In standing posture, there was statistically significant difference at 0。and 45。, 0。and 90。, 0。and 135。, 45。and 90。, 45。and 135。, 90。and 135。. 2) In sitting posture, there was statistically significant difference at 0。and 45。, 0。and 90。, 0。and 135。, 45。and 90。, 45。and 135。, 90。and 135。. 3) Statistically, there was no significant difference between standing and sitting posture in same elbow flexion degree, however pinch strength in standing posture was higher than sitting posture.

Uniform Coating of TiO₂ Thin Films on Polypropylene Particles by Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition Process

Hung Cuong Pham,Dong-Joo Kim,Kyo-Seon Kim 한국표면공학회 2009 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2009 No.-

We coated TiO₂ thin films on particles by a rotating cylindrical plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) process and investigated the effects of various process variables on the morphology and growth of thin films. The polypropylene (PP) particles were rotated with the cylindrical PCVD reactor and they were coated with TiO₂ thin films uniformly by the deposition of thin film precursors in the gas phase. The TiO₂ thin films were coated on the PP particles uniformly and the thickness of thin films almost prop proportional to the deposition time. The TiO₂ thin films grew more quickly on the PP particles with increasing rotation speed of the reactor. This study shows that a rotating cylindrical PCVD reactor can be a good method to coat high-quality TiO₂ thin films uniformly on particles.

MUC Expression in Gallbladder Epithelial Tissues in Cholesterol-Associated Gallbladder Disease

( Kyo-sang Yoo ),( Ho Soon Choi ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Hang Lak Lee ),( Oh Young Lee ),( Byung Chul Yoon ),( Kyeong Geun Lee ),( Seung Sam Paik ),( Yong Seok Kim ),( Jin Lee ) 대한간학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.5

Background/Aims: Gallstone pathogenesis is linked to mucin hypersecretion and bacterial infection. Several mucin genes have been identified in gallbladder epithelial cells (GBECs). We investigated MUC expression in cholesterolassociated gallbladder disease and evaluated the relationship between mucin and bacterial infection. Methods: The present study involved 20 patients with cholesterol stones with cholecystitis, five with cholesterol stones with cholesterolosis, six with cholesterol polyps, two with gallbladder cancer, and six controls. Canine GBECs treated with lipopolysaccharide were also studied. MUC3, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC6 antibodies were used for dot/slot immunoblotting and immunohistochemical studies of the gallbladder epithelial tissues, canine GBECs, and bile. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate MUC3 and MUC5B expression. Results: MUC3, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC6 were expressed in the normal gallbladder epithelium, and of those, MUC3 and MUC5B exhibited the highest expression levels. Greatly increased levels of MUC3 and MUC5B expression were observed in the cholesterol stone group, and slightly increased levels were observed in the cholesterol polyp group; MUC3 and MUC5B mRNA was also upregulated in those groups. Canine GBECs treated with lipopolysaccharide also showed upregulation of MUC3 and MUC5B. Conclusions: The mucin genes with the highest expression levels in gallbladder tissue in cholesterol-associated diseases were MUC3 and MUC5B. Cholesterol stones and gallbladder infections were associated with increased MUC3 and MUC5B expression. (Gut Liver 2016;10:851-858)

Difference of Pinch Strength According to Testing Posture and Various Flexion Degree of Elbow Joint

Lee, Hang-Eun,Yang, Jin-Kyu,Son, Jin-Hee,Hwang, Bo-Young,Kim, Mun-Kyo,Ha, Mi-Suk,Kim, Jae-Heon International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2010 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.1 No.2

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of the pinch strength according to testing posture(standing and sitting) and elbow flexion degree($0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$). Forty normal young adults(male: 20, female: 20, mean age: $22.68{\pm}2.91$ years) participated in this study. The methods of this study were categorized as follows: 1) One set of measurement was performed on four elbow flexion degrees($0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$) in two testing postures(standing and sitting) and all subjects were measured for 3 sets testing procedures in every experimental sessions. 2) Pinch strength in various elbow flexion degree was measured after 2 min rest time, and then each test set was repeatedly performed with 5 min rest time to prevent fatigue of muscles involved in the elbow joint. The result was obtained as follow: 1) In standing posture, there was statistically significant difference at $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$. 2) In sitting posture, there was statistically significant difference at $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $135^{\circ}$. 3) Statistically, there was no significant difference between standing and sitting posture in same elbow flexion degree, however pinch strength in standing posture was higher than sitting posture.