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Adiabatic Nanofocusing Scattering-Type Optical Nanoscopy of Individual Gold Nanoparticles
Sadiq, Diyar,Shirdel, Javid,Lee, Jae Sung,Selishcheva, Elena,Park, Namkyoo,Lienau, Christoph American Chemical Society 2011 NANO LETTERS Vol.11 No.4
<P>We explore imaging of local electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of metallic nanoparticles using a grating-coupled scattering-type near-field scanning optical microscope. In this microscope, propagating surface plasmon polariton wavepackets are launched onto smooth gold tapers where they are adiabatically focused toward the nanometer-sized taper apex. We report two-dimensional raster-scanned optical images showing pronounced near-field contrast and demonstrating sub-30 nm resolution imaging of localized surface plasmon polariton fields of spherical and elliptical nanoparticles. By comparison to three-dimensional finite-difference time domain simulations, we conclude that virtually background-free near-field imaging is achieved. The microscope combines deep subwavelength resolution, high local field intensities and a straightforward imaging contrast, making it interesting for a variety of applications in linear and nonlinear nanospectroscopy.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2011/nalefd.2011.11.issue-4/nl1045457/production/images/medium/nl-2010-045457_0006.gif'></P>
Schmidt, Slawa,Piglosiewicz, Bj?rn,Sadiq, Diyar,Shirdel, Javid,Lee, Jae Sung,Vasa, Parinda,Park, Namkyoo,Kim, Dai-Sik,Lienau, Christoph American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.7
<P>We demonstrate adiabatic nanofocusing of few-cycle light pulses using ultrasharp and ultrasmooth single-crystalline gold tapers. We show that the grating-induced launching of spectrally broad-band surface plasmon polariton wavepackets onto the shaft of such a taper generates isolated, point-like light spots with 10 fs duration and 10 nm diameter spatial extent at its very apex. This nanofocusing is so efficient that nanolocalized electric fields inducing strong optical nonlinearities at the tip end are reached with conventional high repetition rate laser oscillators. We use here the resulting second harmonic to fully characterize the time structure of the localized electric field in frequency-resolved interferometric autocorrelation measurements. Our results strongly suggest that these nanometer-sized ultrafast light spots will enable new experiments probing the dynamics of optical excitations of individual metallic, semiconducting, and magnetic nanostructures.</P>
기포 유동충 반옹기에서 일회용 COVID-19 마스크의 CO₂ 가스화 특성 연구
남지영(Ji Young Nam),Tokmurzin Diyar,라호원(Ho Won Ra),이동현(Dong Hyun Lee),박영권(Young-Kwon Park),서명원(Myung Won Seo) 한국환경에너지공학회 2022 한국열환경공학회 학술대회지 Vol.2022 No.1
Globally, the demand for masks has increased due to COVID-19 and mutated viruses, resulting in 490,000 tons of waste masks per month. Waste masks have a risk of infection with viruses, and are difficult to recycle because they are made of multi-component polymers and iron. Conventional treatment methods, such as landfill and incineration cause environmental pollution. The gasification is a process that is easy to process multi-component plastics and can obtain syngas for various application. In this study, the reaction characteristics in mask carbon dioxide gasification and tar removal characteristics of activated carbon were investigated using a 1kg/h laboratory-scale bubble fluidized bed gasifier. The syngas composition is found to be 10.52 vol% of hydrogen, 6.18 vol% of carbon monoxide, 12.05 vol% of methane, 50.93 vol% of carbon dioxide, and 14.44 vol% of hydrocarbons (CrC3). The lower calorific value of the syngas was 19.38 MJ/Nm민 and the carbon conversion rate of the process was 70.78%. Through this study, it is possible to provide basic data of using greenhouse gas to useful product gas.
Effects of floating wave barriers on wave-induced forces exerted to offshore-jacket structure
Arash Dalili Osgouei,Ramin Vafaei Poursorkhabi,Hamed Hosseini,Diyar N. Qader,Ahmad Maleki,Hamid Ahmadi 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.83 No.1
The main objective of the present research was investigating the effects of a floating wave barrier installed in front of an offshore jacket structure on the wave height, base shear, and overturning moment. A jacket model with the height of 4.55 m was fabricated and tested in the 402 m-long wave flume of NIMALA marine laboratory. The jacket was tested at the water depth of 4 m subjected to the random waves with a JONSWAP energy spectrum. Three input wave heights were chosen for the tests: 20 cm, 23 cm, and 28 cm. Two different cross sections with the same area were selected for the wave barrier: square and rhombus. Results showed that the average decrease in the jacket’s base shear due to the presence of a floating wave barrier with square and rhombus cross section was 24.67% and 34.29%, respectively. The use of wave barriers with square and rhombus cross sections also resulted in 19.78% and 33.11% decrease in the jacket’s overturning moment, respectively. Hence, it can be concluded that a floating wave barrier can significantly reduce the base shear and overturning moment in an offshore jacket structure; and a rhombus cross section is more effective than an equivalent square section.
Daniel Scheiber,Tomas Jelenik,Elric Zweck,Patrick Horn,Heinz-Peter Schultheiss,Dirk Lassner,Udo Boeken,Diyar Saeed,Malte Kelm,Michael Roden,Ralf Westenfeld,Julia Szendroedi 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-
The lifetime risk of developing heart failure is approximately 20%, and survival rates remain poor. Myocardial mitochondrial function has been suggested to play a pivotal role in heart failure pathophysiology. Human studies on ex vivo mitochondrial function have mostly been limited to atrial tissue obtained during open heart surgery and have provided contradictory results. This study aimed at measuring myocardial mitochondrial function in transcatheter ventricular endomyocardial biopsies and assessing the relationship between oxidative capacity and heart function. We enrolled 40 heart failure patients undergoing ventricular assist device surgery or heart transplantation (34 males, age 57 ± 11 years, body mass index 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2) and 29 heart transplant recipients of comparable age and body mass index with normal left ventricular function undergoing surveillance biopsies (23 males, 57 ± 12 years, body mass index 26.2 ± 4.1 kg/m2). High-resolution respirometry was established in the myocardium to measure oxidative capacity ex vivo. The mitochondrial oxidative capacity was 90% higher in ventricular compared to atrial tissues (n = 11, p < 0.01) of explanted hearts. Respiration rates were comparable in ventricular samples of heart failure patients obtained during open heart surgery by standard tissue preparation or ex vivo endomyocardial biopsy (r = 0.9988, p < 0.0001, n = 8), and the mitochondrial oxidative capacity in samples from these patients remained stable for 8 h when stored in either of two common preservation buffers. The oxidative capacity was 44% lower in heart failure than in transplant recipients (67 ± 3 vs. 97 ± 5 pmol/[s mg], p < 0.0001) and correlated positively with heart function (r = 0.49, p < 0.01). High-resolution respirometry of ventricular tissue is feasible in transcatheter biopsies, facilitating clinical studies on myocardial mitochondrial function in patients not undergoing heart surgery.