Effects of Extrusion Conditions on Pasting Properties of Potato and Potato : Wheat Flour Mixture

Cha, Jae Yoon,Cho, Yong-Jin,Kim, Chong-Tai,Kim, Chul-Jin,Ng, P. K. W. 한국산업식품공학회 2003 산업 식품공학 Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop extrusion process of fresh potato and to study the effects of extrusion condition on the pasting properties of extruded potato products. The blend of pressed potato and wheat flour and pressed potatoes were extruded at different die exit temperatures (110-160℃) and screw speed of 100 rpm using a twin-screw extruder with conveying, high and low shear screw configuration. The viscosity-related parameters, such as peak viscosity, through, final viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature of the feed materials and extruded products, were studied using a rapid visco analyzer (RVA). Their water solubility index (WSI) and water absorption index (WAI) were also studied. The peak viscosity, through, final viscosity, and peak time of pressed potato extrudates and potato-wheat flour mixture extrudates decreased as die exit temperature increased. The WSI and WAI of potato products increased as die exit temperature increased. When high shear screw configuration was used, the values of viscosity-related parameters were lower than those when low shear screw configuration was used. The potato-wheat flour mixture products obtained different degrees of depolymerization from fresh potatoes and wheat flour depending on die exit temperature and screw configuration.

Effect of Dietary Monascus Pigment on the Liver Damage Induced with CCI₄in Rats

윤종국,--,--,--,-- THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 2003 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.9 No.3

In the biological world, there are a number of ecological fights for survival between each organism such as plants, animals and microorganism. In such events, an organism can use its natural bioactive products as defence agent against other organism. Furthermore, natural bioactive products can be utilized for medicine or functional food. Recently, we investigate the effect of Monascus pigment extracted from a fungus, Monascus anke, on the alcohol metabolism and blood lipid profile. In the present study, it is observed that Monascus pigment supplemented dietary may have a hepatoprotective effect on rat's liver damage induced with CCl₄. By treatment with CCl₄(3 times, I.P), liver damage was reduced more in the rats fed 2% Monascus pigment extract supplemented diet than those fed standard diet, based on the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, microsomal glucose-6-phosphatse activity and hepaic malondialdehyde content. On the other hand, oxygen free radical generating enzymes, hepatic P-450 dependent aniline hydroxylase, xanthine oxidase, and oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes, hepatic glutathione S-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities were generally higher both in CCl₄, treated group and control fed 2% Monascus pigment extract supplemented diet than those fed standard diet. In conclusion, the rats fed 2% Monascus pigment extract supplemented diet showed more reduced liver damage than those fed standard diet, which may be due to the acceleration of oxygen free radical metabolism.

증산도(甑山道) 신자들의 정체성 형성과정에 대한 연구

윤종철 西江大學校 宗敎硏究所 2002 韓國宗敎硏究 Vol.4 No.-

세계 1차 대전의 이탈리아 전선을 배경으로 한 헤밍웨이의 소설 考察 : 武器여 잘 있거라를 중심으로 Focused on A Farewell to Arms

尹鍾爀 弘益大學校 人文科學硏究所 1995 人文科學 Vol.3 No.-

(Abstract)As a literary critique of Ernest Hemingway's f faretyejj fo frmf. this essay aims at de(ming the characteristics of Frederic Henry and Catherine Barkier, the main characters in the novel, by analyzing their personalities.Hemingway joined the World War 1 , and, while participating in the Italian battle field as an ambulance officer driver, he got heavily wounded there after only a few months since his military duty began. For him it was an unfortunate incident, as he volunteered to fright for justice. While he was hospitalized for his wounds, he happened to meet an American nurse of German origin who was seven yEars older than him, but his first love with the nurse was not successful. With this war experience, both mental and physical, focusing on romantic matters in love, Hemingway wrote the novel and published it in 1929 at the age of 30. This novel became one of the best sellers, and accordin91y Hemingway became a famous fiction writer not only in America but also in Europe.The main character, Frederic Henry made Catherine Pregnant while in serious love. The pregnancy made him decide to escape with Catherine from military duties and regulations; actually he chose his status to be an AWOL in the army. After his escape into Switzerland, both Frederic and Catherine enjoyed happiness for a short Period of time in idyllic atmosphere on the mountain side of Switzerland. But they were doomed to have a birth in the hospital, in which the baby was breathless and never cried, and it died soon. What is worse, Catherine suffered from hemorrhage out of Caesarian section, and bleeding never stopped, When Frederic visited Catherine's hospital room to see Catherine, he found that her life was hopeless She died very soon when he was staying by her bed. There was no way for Frederic but to leave her behind.Frederic is no more than an irresponsible but somewhat courageous man who could abandon his military duty for his love with Catherine. He had his own typical conscience whether going for military duty or for fulfilling his private, Personal happiness in love. Finally he chose love. In the novel, Hemingway su99ests that anyone in the happiest moment must concern himself about the Power of universe that is wandering around to destroy happy life: actually nature has two sides: Positiveness and negativeness. In other words, it has not only constructive vitality but also destructive aspects. Frederic Henry can be said to be the very figure of Hemingway himself or the realistic Personnel whom Hemingway expected and desired of a lover, confronting the hardship of affec-tionate love which occurred between young military officer and a nurse in the battle field.To a certain People love affair is more important fact than any other one, even military compulsive duty. Ironically, however, in the final chapter of the novel, Frederic Henry suffers from the destroyed love by the death of Catherine I assume that Hemingway described the last part of the novel well. when he says that Frederic is walking back to the hotel in rain, leaving Catherine behind. Rain symbolizes both life-river and life-destroyer. On deep observation, we can say that this novel is not a complete tragedy but a semitragedy or tragi-comedy, unlike Romeo and Juliet in which hero and heroine die by committing suicide. At any rate, Catherine is survived by her lover, Frederic Henry.From a realistic Point of view on a similar situation, the ending of this sort of love affair is possibly the common tendency in some respects among the people of today.

토마스 하아디의 小說 속에 描寫되어 있는 女人像

尹鍾爀 弘益大學校 1983 弘大論叢 Vol.15 No.1

The main purpose of this essay is to appreciate the descriptions about the main characters-especially the heroines' disastrous lives ending in unhappy deaths, and to observe Hardy's writing career as well as his fatalistic idea with which he described women's spiritual conflicts with lovers in his novels, such as the Return of the Native as well as Tess of the D'Urbervilles. Literarily and critically speaking, thorough observations were mainly focused on the fatalistic courses of the unfortunate lives of Eustacia Vye and Tess as main characters and some minor characters, such as Clym Yeobright, Damon Wildeve and Thomasin Yeobright in the Return of the Native, and also Alec D'Urberville as well as Angel Clare in the Tess of the D'Urbervilles. It seems that Hardy always in the one mind of describing that a mortal's life on earth should follow no other than a destinated fatal course of living, in other words, only to finish it in an unhappy death, whether it ends in a suicidal or homicidal case. Both love affairs of Eustacia and Tess were proceeded in the gloomy, dark, terrible and cruel endings. Hardy's writing or living philosophy as a writer was to expose some ordinary woman's unfortunate struggle to live with her real lover without success, the fact of which is predestinated at her birth. This sort of Hardy's writing attitude, however, also can be said that he was a great sympathizer with women, especially young passionate women in the lower classes. Accordingly, he once gave the subtitle of A Pure Woman to the novel, Tess of the D'Urbervilles.

職業公務員制의 몇 가지 問題點 : 우리나라의 경우를 중심으로

尹種烈 건국대학교 1969 樂圓誌 Vol.4 No.1

軟弱한 性格으로 因한 悲劇的 終末에 對한 考察 : Jude the Obscure by Thomas Hardy 小設「微賤한 者 쥬드」의 主人公을 中心으로

尹鍾爀 弘益大學校 1987 弘大論叢 Vol.19 No.1

The main purpose of this essay is to appreciate the descriptions about the main character's weak personality in the novel, Jude the Obscure-the hero's disastrous life, ended in an unfortunate death, being ignored by his first and last wife, Arabella Donn who at first seduced Jude Fawley from his scholatic ambitions to be married, but a few months afterwards they separated from each other and Arabella left him to emigrate with her parents to Australia, where she had born Jude's child, Little Father Time, and in the meanwhile Jude and Sue(Jude's cousin) happened to live together without matrimony, and a boy and a girl were born between them, but when Little Father Time, being confided to Jude and Sue, killed Sue's children and killed himself, so that Sue left Jude to remarry her first husband, Arabella took advantage of Jude's bitter disappointment to make him drunk and got married him again. Because of her substantially animal-like-female personality in a wayward cruelty, when she discovered his chronic ill-health, without having a complete nursing for him, she joined the local festivities while he was greatly suffering at the verge of death. Jude passed away alone. Another purpose of this essay is to observe Thomas Hardy's writing career in brief as well as his fatalistic idea with which he described a man's conflicts between sexual desire and scholastic success. Literally and critically speaking, thorough observations are mainly focused on the fatalistic, wretched and rewardless course of the poor life of orphan Jude Fawley as a main character and on some other minor characters, such as Richard Phillotson(Jude Fawley's first schoolmaster), Sue Brideshead(Jude's cousin and mistress), Arabella Donn(Jude's first and last wife, actually third, if the relationship between Jude and Sue were counted as pseudo marriage.), Little Father Time(Jude's first son, born between Jude and Arabella). It seems that Thomas Hardy did not get away from one strong determination of describing that a mortal life in the world could not help following a destinated fatal course of living; in brief, only to finish it in an unhappy, lonely death, whether in a suicidal, homicidal or natural situation in his novel. Thomas Hardy, especially with the novel, Jude the Obscure, attempted to express his philosophy that the unhappy, disastrous and lamentable fate of a man originates not only from the external environment but also, more strongly, from the internal, so to say, the weakness of personality. In fact, Jude Fawley had no strong will power at all to adjust himself to the turmoil of social life or because he himself set unbearable traps of misfortune due to his whimsical, inconstant, reckless, irresolute personality. Observing all the characters in this novel, it can be said that Thomas Hardy was a great sympathizer with women, but he was not a bit sympathizing towards Jude Fawley, whose unfortunate downfall, ended his life alone in the bed at the age of 30, which was only due to his mental weakness in personality. Because of reckless surrender to the immoral attractions of sex and drink causes his early death. At the begining of his life he shows sensitivity in setting a comparatively great ideal of goal, but he can not achieve it, as he never shows and desirable and necessary ruthlessness towards himself or other people around him. After all, it can be said that Jude Fawley is a man of character of somewhat stupid, unintellectual, illogical, indecisive personality.

선(禪)으로 읽은 『햄릿』 : 삶과 현실(Reality) 의 일치 (一致) Agreement between Life and Reality

윤종국 한국현대영어영문학회 2003 현대영어영문학 Vol.47 No.1

The purpose of writing this paper is to show how Hamlet demonstrates the Buddhistic Zen mind of emptiness(sunyata) that make agreement between life and reality. Zen principle is to make one's mind empty by looking direct into things as they are. The mind-emptying process is aiming to deprive man of his self which plays a major role in creating desires and subsequent sufferings and agonies. The Zen principle makes man face life as it is because it is "sunyanta spirit." This mind bears a parallel to Shakespeare's deep insight into the inscrutable life and paradoxical human existence in tragedy. Hamlet's procrastination in revenge against Claudius, his agonies about Gertrude's unfaithful marriage to Claudius, and his troubled love toward Ophelia take place in the early and middle part of Hamlet as a result of his struggles in liberating himself from the dark. His Zen mind was sleeping in this dark period, causing him troubles and hesitation in making decision. After these struggles, Hamlet succeeds in uncovering the Zen mind buried deep in his heart. He is awakened from the dark of trouble-making self-consciousness composed of self and ego. Hamlet's peace and readiness of mind is hard-earned at a duel with Laertes and at his death bed as a result of his lengthy struggles in the dark to unearth the Zen mind. The cause of Hamlet's agonies and sufferings was his self-consciousness enclosed by intellect and reason. Hamlet finally faces life as it happens to him; he makes agreement between life and reality by emptying his mind. It was no accident that he earned peace and readiness of mind after his lengthy battles with his self and ego that has imprisoned him for long. He manages to transform the being and non-being in unity into sunyata; he is reborn into life after death after being liberated from the dark of self.

조지 엘리엇의 장편소설 『미들마취』에 나타난 유기적 관계의 소설 구조 연구

윤종국 한라대학교 2006 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

본고는 19세기 산업혁명이후 격동의 영국사회 변혁 속에서 조지 엘리엇의 장편소설 『미들마취』의 유사성과 대조(parallels and contrasts)의 유기적 관계를 만드는 작품 구성 원리를 분석하고, 소설의 배경인 미들마취 지역사회의 다양한 개개 주인공의 삶을 관리하는 유기적 전체구조가 어떻게 작용하는지 각 주인공의 성격묘사와 사랑과 좌절의 주제 분석을 통하여 살핀다. 작가는 부분과 전체, 개인과 사회의 역동적인 상호의존성의 유기적 원리를 적용하여 소설작품에 과학적 가상 현실감을 준다. 엘리엇의 유기적 관계론은 19세기 영국 빅토리아 시대 다윈의 『종의 기원』에 깊은 영향을 받아 역사를 하나의 발전과정으로 보며 부분과 전제, 개인과 사회는 서로 상호작용, 상호의존을 하며 발전해 나간다는 것이며 이를 위해 작가는 사랑과 이해의 휴머니즘에 호소한다. 작가는 미들마취 지역사회가 거대한 여러 겹의 거미줄로 연결 되어 있음을 상징적으로 묘사하며 이 거대한 거미줄 조직은 개인과 각 개인에 의해서 일어나는 일상사들에 의해서 만들어지며 조화와 갈등 속에서 개인과 사회가 서로 엉켜 발전함을 보여준다. 특히 이 유기적인 인간사회 조직 속에서 각 주인공들의 고통, 자기희생과 동료애 속에 각 개인은 정신적 성장을 하며 눈에 보이지 않게 사회발전에 기여하는 생명의 유기적 전제(an organic whole)의 한 구성요소임을 작가는 강조한다.

貧血症과 赤血球過多症에 있어서 血淸 Erythropoietin 活性度에 關한 硏究

尹起英,李夏白,朴鍾茂 한양대학교 의과대학 1985 한양의대 학술지 Vol.5 No.2

Erythropoietin (Ep) is a glycoprotein hormone of mostly renal origin that stimulates red cell production in response to tissue hypoxia. Serum Ep activities provide important clinical clues in making the differential diagnosis of some types of anemia and polycythemia. The study was performed in order to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum Ep activities in 29 normal subjects, 43 anemic patients and 15 secondary polycythemia patients and to find out the relationship between hemoglobin concentration and serum Ep activities in these patients using the Enzyme Immunoassay with Second International Preparation for Ep. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Ep activities in sera from 29 normal subjects among children ranged from 11 to 72 mU/ml, with a mean of 37.10±16.54 mU/ml. There was no significant difference between the serum Ep activities in male and female subjects (p>0.05). 2. Ep activities in sera from 22 patients with iron deficiency anemia ranged from 48 to 400 mU/ml, with a mean of 153.5 mU/ml which was about 4 times higher than normal value. Ep activities in sera from 18 anemic patients with acute infection ranged from 35 to 290 mU/ml, with a mean of 134.05 mU/ml which was about 3.5 times higher than normal value. Ep activities in sera from 3 patients with aplastic anemic ranged from 620 to 840 mU/ml, with a mean of 720 mU/ml which was about 20 times higher than normal value. 3. Ep activities in sera from 15 patients with secondary polycythemia ranged from 12 to 140 mU/ml. In 10 of 15 patients, the mean Ep activities was 87.50 ± 25.60 mU/ml, which was about 2 times higher than normal value. In 5 of 15 patients, Ep activities were within normal range as a mean of 35.80 ± 17.23 mU/ml. In summary, a significant negative correlation was found between the hemoglobin concentration and the logarithm of the serum Ep activities in 43 patients with anemia (r=0.73, Y=3.6766-0.1802x) and Ep activities in patients with aplastic anemia was higher than those in patients with iron deficiency anemia at comparable hemoglobin concentration. From the above results, it was concluded that serum Ep activities in anemic patients are not only inversely related to the hemoglobin concentration but also to the activity of the erythroid bone marrow. While no significant correlation was found between hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit percentages and Ep activities in 15 patients with secondary polycythemia (r=0.18, 0.39 respectively).