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Natiele Carla da Silva Ferreira,Roˆmulo Jose´ Soares-Bezerra,Rebeca Ferreira Couto da Silveira,Clayton Menezes da Silva,Carla Santos de Oliveira,Andrea Surrage Calheiros,Taˆnia Maria Alves,Carlos Leom 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.2
P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors are physiologically activated by uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) and are widely expressed in many cell types in humans. P2Y2 plays an important role in inflammation and proliferation of tumor cells, which could be attenuated with the use of antagonists. However, little is known about the physiological functions related to P2Y4, due to the lack of selective ligands for these receptors. This can be solved through the search for novel compounds with antagonistic activity. The aim of this study was to discover new potential antagonist candidates for P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors from natural products. We applied a calcium measurement methodology to identify new antagonist candidates for these receptors. First, we established optimal conditions for the calcium assay using J774.G8, a murine macrophage cell line, which expresses functional P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors and then, we performed the screening of plant extracts at a cutoff concentration of 50 μg/mL. ATP and ionomycin, known intracellular calcium inductors, were used to stimulate cells. The calculated EC50 were 11 μM and 103 nM, respectively. These cells also responded to the UTP stimulation with an EC50 of 1.021 μM. Screening assays were performed and a total of 100 extracts from Brazilian plants were tested. Joannesia princeps Vell. (stem) and Peixotoa A. Juss (flower and leaf) extracts stood out due to their ability to inhibit UTP-induced responses without causing cytotoxicity, and presented an IC50 of 32.32, 14.99, and 12.98 μg/mL, respectively. Collectively, our results point to the discovery of potential antagonist candidates from Brazilian flora for UTP-activated receptors.
Carla Greco,Daniele Santi,Giulia Brigante,Chiara Pacchioni,Manuela Simoni 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.6
Background: In addition to the metabolic effects in diabetes, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists lead to a small but substantial increase in heart rate (HR). However, the GLP-1R actions on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in diabetes remain debated. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluates the effect of GLP-1R agonist on measures of ANS function in diabetes.Methods: According to the Cochrane Collaboration and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we conducted a meta-analysis considering clinical trials in which the autonomic function was evaluated in diabetic subjects chronically treated with GLP-1R agonists. The outcomes were the change of ANS function measured by heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac autonomic reflex tests (CARTs).Results: In the studies enrolled, HR significantly increased after treatment (<i>P</i><0.001), whereas low frequency/high frequency ratio did not differ (<i>P</i>=0.410); no changes in other measures of HRV were detected. Considering CARTs, only the 30:15 value derived from lying-to-standing test was significantly lower after treatment (<i>P</i>=0.002), but only two studies reported this measurement. No differences in other CARTs outcome were observed.Conclusion: The meta-analysis confirms the HR increase but seems to exclude an alteration of the sympatho-vagal balance due to chronic treatment with GLP-1R agonists in diabetes, considering the available measures of ANS function.
Carla de Amorim Lana Dib,Guilherme Henrique dos Santos Ramos,Gregório Sandro Vieira 한국강구조학회 2023 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.23 No.5
Cold-formed steel (CFS) members stand out among steel structures notably due to their lightness, structural efficiency (high strength-to-weight ratio) and versatility, however, given their high width-to-thickness ratio, are highly susceptible to instability phenomena (buckling). The objective of this research is to analyze the structural behavior of cold-formed steel hat-section beams under non-uniform bending about the major and minor-axis, regarding the risks of distortional failure. Through the Generalized Beam Theory, using the computational program GBTUL, the geometries where the distortional failure is predominant were selected and through the computational program ABAQUS, a shell finite element model was developed to perform the buckling and post-buckling analysis on the selected elements. The results obtained from the developed model—which include critical buckling moments, failure moments, equilibrium paths, deformed configurations and collapse mechanisms—show that the developed model adequately simulates the distortional buckling and post-buckling behavior of the considered CFS beams and demonstrate how loading affects such behaviors.
Carla Blázquez-Fernández 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2018 Global economic review Vol.47 No.4
An open debate these days is about how national income inequality could affect individuals’ health outcomes. Therefore, the present study aims to provide new evidence regarding life expectancy determinants and how they are related to the income inequality hypothesis. Precisely, it is provided new evidence on this relationship for 26 European countries during the period 1995– 2014. The analysis is based on panel data techniques, with the latest data from both Eurostat and the OECD Health Statistics. Furthermore, data from the World Bank is also applied. Besides, we have tested the sensitivity of the estimates in our empirical analysis using three clusters of countries. Our results suggest that income inequality does not significantly reduce health in developed societies, like the European ones. Notwithstanding, as income inequality can be sometimes harmful for population health, these issues must be taken into account in order to improve health care policies.
Carla María Blanco-Lizarazo,Indira Sotelo-Díaz,Adriana Llorente-Bousquets 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.1
The Jameson effect model describes suppression of microorganism growth as being dependent on non-specific competition. This model was developed for simultaneous growth in a liquid medium and microbial interactions between Listeria monocytogenes, Lactobacillus sakei, and Staphylococcus carnosus with addition of NaNO2 to mimic the manufacturing process of salami for 48 h at 21oC and then for 14 days at 17oC. L. monocytogenes in the presence of L. sakei was inhibited by 2.120 log CFU/ mL in the presence of NaNO2, and 1.146 log CFU/mL without NaNO2. Inhibition of L. monocytogenes cocultured with S. carnosus was 2.248 log CFU/mL at 48 h, but after 336 h was not significantly (p>0.05) different from L. monocytogenes in mono-culture. The interspecific competition parameter (β) <1 indicated that the prevailing competition in co-cultures was intraspecific. Differentiation between 2 bacterial species interactions can be applied for use in starter cultures with pathogenic flora.
Carla B. Dimalanta,Graciano P. Yumul, Jr. 한국지질과학협의회 2006 Geosciences Journal Vol.10 No.3
Volume, p. 35.Yumul, G.P. Jr., Dimalanta, C.B., Tamayo, R.A.Jr. and Bellon, H.,2003b, Silicic arc volcanism in Central Luzon, Philippines: Char-acterization of its space, time and geochemical relationship. TheIsland Arc, 12, 207218.Yumul, G.P.Jr., Dimalanta, C.B., Tamayo, R.A.Jr. and Maury, R.C.,2003c, Collision, subduction and accretion events in the Philip-pines: A synthesis. The Island Arc, 12, 7791.
Carla-Cezarina Pădurețu,Raluca Isopescu,Ileana Rău,Manuela Rossemary Apetroaei,Verginica Schröder 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.11
Chitosan, one of the most interesting and intriguing biopolymer, can be extracted from different marine waste. The present paper focuses on the chitosan extraction procedure from Macropipus holsatus crab waste. Because the deacetylation degree is the most important characteristic of chitosan, the influence of specific operating parameters during deacetylation treatment was analyzed by statistical analysis and mathematical modelling using artificial neural networks (ANN). The ANN simulation put into evidence the manner that the deacetylation degree is influenced by the considered operating conditions and enabled the identification of optimal operating conditions in order to obtain a chitosan with a relatively high deacetylation degree. The obtained chitosan was characterized by various methods, including physical-chemical analysis, structure identification and crystallinity index. The main effects as well as the interaction effects for some physical-chemical properties were studied to establish if and how the chitosan properties are affected by the extraction procedure.
Carla Aoun,Tatiana Papazian,Khalil Helou,Nada El Osta,Lydia Rabbaa Khabbaz 한국영양학회 2019 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.13 No.4
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To compare five indices of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) among adults living in the Mediterranean region. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 100 healthy Lebanese adults aged between 18 and 65 years. Face-to-face interviews to collect sociodemographic and medical information, to take anthropometric measurements, and to fill a validated, culturally adapted, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The score for each item was calculated following the recommendations for each corresponding index. The five MD indices were Mediterranean Diet Scale (MDScale), Mediterranean Food Pattern (MFP), MD Score (MDS), Short Mediterranean Diet Questionnaire (SMDQ), and the MedDiet score. RESULTS: Significant correlations were detected between items with P-values < 0.001. Minimal agreement was seen between MDScale and MedDiet score and maximal agreement between MDS and MedDiet score. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that MDS and MedDiet scores had significant correlations with fiber and olive oil intake, main components of the MD. MDScale showed a significant correlation with waist-to-hip ratio and with total energy intake but none of the five indices was correlated to body mass index (BMI). CONCLUSIONS: The indices that showed the highest correlation with variables related to the MD are the MDScale and the MedDiet score; therefore, they can be used to assess our future study populations. Based on the current results, more than half of the study population was non-adherent to the MD and adherence to this diet did not appear to protect against being overweight (BMI ≥ 30).