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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Implications across the Life Span
Brandy Wicklow,Ravi Retnakaran 대한당뇨병학회 2023 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.47 No.3
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has historically been perceived as a medical complication of pregnancy that also serves as a harbinger of maternal risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the future. In recent decades, a growing body of evidence has detailed additional lifelong implications that extend beyond T2DM, including an elevated risk of ultimately developing cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the risk factors that mediate this lifetime cardiovascular risk are evident not only after delivery but are present even before the pregnancy in which GDM is first diagnosed. The concept thus emerging from these data is that the diagnosis of GDM enables the identification of women who are already on an enhanced track of cardiometabolic risk that starts early in life. Studies of the offspring of pregnancies complicated by diabetes now suggest that the earliest underpinnings of this cardiometabolic risk profile may be determined in utero and may first manifest clinically in childhood. Accordingly, from this perspective, GDM is now seen as a chronic metabolic disorder that holds implications across the life span of both mother and child.
Yongseok JANG,Brandy HADLEY,Woo-Jin Lee 한국유통과학회 2019 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.6 No.2
The paper aims to evaluate the combination of strategies that influence the success of New Technology Based Firms (NTBFs) located in isolated areas with resource constraints. We utilize the Kauffman Firm Survey to construct a subset of 224 firms operating in primary metal manufacturing industries and who are located in non-thriving areas. We focus on the impact of technological strategy, in the form of Inward Technology Licensing (ITL), combined with financial strategy, in the form of increased financial slack. Using a negative binomial-specification technique to model these relations, we find that ITL positively impacts internal innovation in the firm and this relation is strengthened by the presence of greater financial slack. This positive impact of financial slack supports the behavioral theory of the firm rather than agency theory in that financial slack enables further innovation rather than stifling it. This research confirms the importance of resource acquisition, suggesting that entrepreneurs may utilize external sources of knowledge in an effort to build a favorable situation when facing the challenges of location. Finally, by presenting evidence showing the compatibility of a financial strategy with a knowledge strategy (ITL), this study emphasizes the importance to entrepreneurs of choosing the proper combination of varying strategies.
판정훈,이민국,장문한,Liana N. Crowley,Brandy L. Le,이다슬,김태균,김다혜,이강욱,고성규,이진협,이석희,김재겸 한국식품과학회 2024 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.33 No.7
This study aimed to determine the optimal combination of three anti-inflammatory materials [i.e., Cervus nippon Temminck (CT), Angelica gigas Nakai (AN), and Rehmannia glutinosa (RG)] for the strongest anti-inflammatory potential. Eighteen combinations of the three materials were tested in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via assessing nitric oxide (NO). The best combination from in vitro studies was administered to LPS-treated C57BL/6J mice for five days. Subsequently, plasma metabolites were profiled by bioinformatics analyses and validations. As results, 2, 20, and 50 µg/mL of CT, AN, and RG (TM) were the most effective combination suppressing inflammation. In mice, TM mitigated hepatic inflammatory markers. Similarly, the metabolomics indicated that TM may suppress NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby alleviating hepatic inflammation. TM also decreased systemic and hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, we found the optimal combination of TM for mitigating inflammation; thus further studies on safety, mechanisms, and clinical models are warranted for human applications.
Mozna H. Khraiwesh,Oladapo Bakare,Clarence M. Lee,Yakini Brandy,Emmanuel S. Akinboye,Solomon Berhe,Genelle Gittens,Muneer M. Abbas,Franklin R. Ampy,Mohammad Ashraf 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.1
The antitrypanosomal activities, cytotoxicity, and selectivity indices of eleven imido-substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives and nifurtimox have been studied. Compared to nifurtimox (IC50 = 10.67 μM), all the imido-naphthoquinone analogs (IMDNQ1-IMDNQ11) are more potent on Trypanosoma cruzi with IC50 values ranging from 0.7 μM to 6.1 μM (p < 0.05). Studies of the cytotoxic activities of these compounds on a Balb/C 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line revealed that four of these compounds, IMDNQ1, IMDNQ2, IMDNQ3, and IMDNQ10 displayed selectivity indices of 60.25, 53.97, 31.83, and 275.3, respectively, rendering them significantly (p < 0.05) more selective in inhibiting the parasite growth than nifurtimox (selectivity index = 10.86).
Effects of dietary fibers, micronutrients, and phytonutrients on gut microbiome: a review
Beane Kaleigh E.,Redding Mersady C.,Wang Xiaofan,Pan Jeong Hoon,Le Brandy,Cicalo Cara,Jeon Suwon,Kim Young Jun,Lee Jin Hyup,Shin Eui-Cheol,Li Ying,Zhao Jiangchao,Kim Jae Kyeom 한국응용생명화학회 2021 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.64 No.2
The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a magnitude of bacteria, which are collectively known as the gut microbiome. Research has demonstrated that the gut microbiome significantly impacts the health of its host and alters the host’s risk for various chronic diseases. Many factors, such as diet, could potentially be manipulated to alter the host gut microbiome and induce subsequent preventative and/or therapeutic effects. It has been established that diet partakes in the regulation and maintenance of the gut microbiome; however, specific crosstalk between the microbiome, gut, and host has not been clearly elucidated in relation to diet. In this review of the scientific literature, we outline current knowledge of the differential effects of major plant-derived dietary constituents (fiber, phytochemicals, vitamins, and minerals) on the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome.
( Brandi Jamile ),( Eder C. Oliveira ),( Nilson K. Monteiro ),( Ana Flora D. Vasconcelos ),( Robert F. H. Dekker ),( Aneli M. Barbosa ),( Joana L. M. Silveira ),( Paulo A. S. Mourao ),( Maria De Lourd 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.10
The exopolysaccharide botryosphaeran (EPS(GLC); a (1→ 3)(1→6)-β-D-glucan from Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB- 05) was sulfonated to produce a water-soluble fraction (EPS(GLC)-S) using pyridine and chlorosulfonic acid in formamid. This procedure was then repeated twice to produce another fraction (EPS(GLC)-RS) with a higher degree of substitution (DS, 1.64). The purity of each botryosphaeran sample (unsulfonated and sulfonated) was assessed by gel filtration chromatography (Sepharose CL-4B), where each polysaccharide was eluted as a single symmetrical peak. The structures of the sulfonated and re-sulfonated botryosphaerans were investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopies. EPS(GLC) and EPS(GLC)-RS were also assayed for anticoagulation activity, and EPS(GLC)-RS was identified as an anticoagulant.
Brandie Cai Cheshier,Bert Hans Jacobson,Cody Diehl 대한운동학회 2021 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4
[OBJECTIVES] Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is discomfort that occurs within 8-24hrs following an unaccustomed bout of physical activity that peaks within 24-27hrs and slowly resolves on its own. White willow bark (WWB) is a nutritional supplement that is believed to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties like aspirin but without the risk of GI adverse effects. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the effectiveness of WWB on alleviating the symptoms of DOMS following exercise. [METHODS] Twenty-five individuals volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to take WWB (798mg salicin) or placebo for 5 days following a lower body resistance training session which consisted of 5X10 lunges at 40% body weight (BW) and 3X fatigue leg press at 75%BW. Test procedures included visual analog scale (VAS), mid-thigh circumference and pressure pain threshold. VAS was measured pre, all five days of the supplementation period and day 6 (post-supplementation). All other variables were measured at pre, immediate, day 3(72hrs), and day 6 (post-supplementation). [RESULTS] No condition X time interaction was observed (p > 0.05) for any variable. However, VAS scores were lower in the WWB compared to the placebo for all time frames. There was a significant main effect of time for VAS scores indicating muscle soreness for hamstrings (p < 0.001), gluteal (p < 0.001), gastrocnemius (p < 0.001) and quadriceps (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a significant main effect of time for right midthigh pressure pain threshold (p = 0.02), mid-right (p < 0.001) and mid-left (p < 0.001) thigh circumference. [CONCLUSIONS] WWB may reduce subjective feelings of muscle soreness and appears to have analgesic properties.
Lee, Sunghee,Cantarel, Brandi,Henrissat, Bernard,Gevers, Dirk,Birren, Bruce W,Huttenhower, Curtis,Ko, GwangPyo Nature Publishing Group 2014 The ISME journal Vol.8 No.3
<P>Glycoside hydrolases (GHs), the enzymes that breakdown complex carbohydrates, are a highly diversified class of key enzymes associated with the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions. To learn more about the diversity of GHs and their potential role in a variety of gut microbiomes, we used a combination of 16S, metagenomic and targeted amplicon sequencing data to study one of these enzyme families in detail. Specifically, we employed a functional gene-targeted metagenomic approach to the 1-4-α-glucan-branching enzyme (gBE) gene in the gut microbiomes of four host species (human, chicken, cow and pig). The characteristics of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and operational glucan-branching units (OGBUs) were distinctive in each of hosts. Human and pig were most similar in OTUs profiles while maintaining distinct OGBU profiles. Interestingly, the phylogenetic profiles identified from 16S and gBE gene sequences differed, suggesting the presence of different gBE genes in the same OTU across different vertebrate hosts. Our data suggest that gene-targeted metagenomic analysis is useful for an in-depth understanding of the diversity of a particular gene of interest. Specific carbohydrate metabolic genes appear to be carried by distinct OTUs in different individual hosts and among different vertebrate species' microbiomes, the characteristics of which differ according to host genetic background and/or diet.</P>