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Abdul Rehman Khalid,Ali Athar,Hee-Cheol Kim 한국정보통신학회 2023 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.27 No.1
This paper examines the problem of counterfeit medicines and illicit drugs, which represent serious threats to public health and safety across the world. Counterfeit medicines are forgeries that may include hazardous substances, whereas illicit drugs are prohibited to manufacture, distribute, or consumption. We synthesize the existing research on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for identifying and detecting counterfeit healthcare products and illegal drug transactions on social media in this review paper. We examine the use of artificial intelligence techniques on social media to detect suspicious activity connected to counterfeit healthcare products and illicit drugs. Our findings suggest that artificial intelligence algorithms have a high potential for identifying and preventing the sale of counterfeit healthcare products and illicit drugs on social media.
Thickness-dependent efficiency of directly grown graphene based solar cells
Rehman, Malik Abdul,Roy, Sanjib Baran,Akhtar, Imtisal,Bhopal, Muhammad Fahad,Choi, Woosuk,Nazir, Ghazanfar,Khan, Muhammad Farooq,Kumar, Sunil,Eom, Jonghwa,Chun, Seung-Hyun,Seo, Yongho Elsevier 2019 Carbon Vol.148 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>It is of immense interest to improve the power conversion efficiency of graphene/silicon Schottky junction solar cells. The ultrathin graphene has essential properties, such as tunable work function to increase Schottky barrier height and built-in potential for efficient charge transport in photovoltaic devices. Here, we use plasma-enhanced CVD to grow graphene directly on planar n-type silicon to fabricate solar cells compatible for industrial-level applications. A key component to our accomplishment is the optimization of directly grown, continuous layers of graphene to achieve superior performance. Thus, by controlling the graphene thickness, the work function is significantly improved, the open circuit voltage is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is enhanced. While the transfer of CVD grown graphene has limitations due to cracks and impurities during the complex process, our direct growth method demonstrates an efficiency of 5.51 % on bare planar silicon with a large device area. Furthermore, the efficiency is remarkably increased to 9.18 % by adding and doping a polymer layer. Interestingly, with the addition of a doped polymer layer, the cell exhibits excellent stability for at least one month. Our result suggests a promising simple path to fabricate high efficiency solar cells at low temperature and low cost.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Rehman, Malik Abdul,Akhtar, Imtisal,Choi, Woosuk,Akbar, Kamran,Farooq, Ayesha,Hussain, Sajjad,Shehzad, Muhammad Arslan,Chun, Seung-Hyun,Jung, Jongwan,Seo, Yongho Elsevier 2018 Carbon Vol.132 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Graphene/Si Schottky junction solar cells are widely studied in relation to the harvesting of solar energy, but high efficiency is limited due to surface recombination at the interface. Moreover, surface defects, wrinkles, and impurities may arise during the wet transfer process of graphene. We propose an easy approach to fabricate high efficiency solar cells by using directly grown graphene on a textured substrate with a large active area. In our novel technique, we directly grow a few layers of graphene on top of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Si by using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The high-k dielectric layer of Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> acts as an electron blocking layer which minimizes the surface recombination at the interface. Furthermore, the barrier width is optimized by controlling the thickness of the Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> interlayer to achieve the highest efficiency of 8.4%. The devices were not intentionally doped, and no aging effect was found in 9 months. We believe that our stable solar cell results indicate a new route for the production of metal-insulator-semiconductor Schottky junction solar cells with high efficiency without need of chemical doping of the emitter layer.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Rehman, Abdul,Kim, Yeseul,Kim, Hyunsung,Sim, Jongmin,Ahn, Hyein,Chung, Min Sung,Shin, Su-Jin,Jang, Kiseok British Medical Association 2018 Journal of clinical pathology Vol.71 No.9
<P>Conclusion Among FOXO members, FOXO3a may have a potential role in promoting tumour cell migration and proliferation and may serve as a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.</P>
Abdul Rehman Umar,Kashif Hussain,Zara Aslam,Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq,Haji Muhammadb,Sirajuddin,Muhammad Raza Shah 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.107 No.-
This work was initiated by synthesizing a carboxylic derivative of Calix[4]resorcinarene through a threestep protocol confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and Electrosprayionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS). As synthesized derivative, was used as reducing and cappingmaterial for the fabrication of small and stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aqueous medium underthe combined influence of dilute alkali and heat at 90 C. These nanoparticles were referred as KM20-AgNPs. Techniques used for characterization of AgNPs include UV–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy,Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering(DLS) and zeta potential analyzer (ZPA). The finally produced KM20-AgNPs were recognized as highlysensitive and extremely selective voltammetric sensor for low level detection of methylene blue drugin the linear working range of 1–30 nM with limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ)as 0.16 nM and 0.53 nM respectively. The developed sensor was successfully used for sensing of MB inhuman blood plasma.
Oxidative stress, consequences and ROS mediated cellular signaling in rheumatoid arthritis
Phull, Abdul-Rehman,Nasir, Bakht,Haq, Ihsan ul,Kim, Song Ja Elsevier Pub. Co 2018 Chemico-biological interactions Vol.281 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>There are numerous extra- and intra-cellular processes involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Augmented ROS generation can cause the damage of biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acid and lipids. ROS act as an intracellular signaling component and is associated with various inflammatory responses, chronic arthropathies, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is well documented that ROS can activate different signaling pathways having a vital importance in the patho-physiology of RA. Hence, understanding of the molecular pathways and their interaction might be advantageous in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for RA.</P>
Applications of Chondrocyte-Based Cartilage Engineering: An Overview
Phull, Abdul-Rehman,Eo, Seong-Hui,Abbas, Qamar,Ahmed, Madiha,Kim, Song Ja Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 BioMed research international Vol.2016 No.-
<P>Chondrocytes are the exclusive cells residing in cartilage and maintain the functionality of cartilage tissue. Series of biocomponents such as different growth factors, cytokines, and transcriptional factors regulate the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation to chondrocytes. The number of chondrocytes and dedifferentiation are the key limitations in subsequent clinical application of the chondrocytes. Different culture methods are being developed to overcome such issues. Using tissue engineering and cell based approaches, chondrocytes offer prominent therapeutic option specifically in orthopedics for cartilage repair and to treat ailments such as tracheal defects, facial reconstruction, and urinary incontinence. Matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation/implantation is an improved version of traditional autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) method. An increasing number of studies show the clinical significance of this technique for the chondral lesions treatment. Literature survey was carried out to address clinical and functional findings by using various ACT procedures. The current study was conducted to study the pharmacological significance and biomedical application of chondrocytes. Furthermore, it is inferred from the present study that long term follow-up studies are required to evaluate the potential of these methods and specific positive outcomes.</P>
Phull, Abdul Rehman,Kim, Song Ja VYDAVATELSTVO SLOVAK ACADEMIC PRESS - BRATISLAVA 2017 BIOLOGIA -BRATISLAVA- Vol.72 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide widely distributed in brown seaweed. It exhibits several bioactivities, such as anti-cancer, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant properties. However, the effects of fucoidan in chondrocytes are not well established. Previously, we have reported<I>in vitro</I>and<I>in vivo</I>anti-inflammatory effects of fucoidan. In this study, we evaluated the effects and regulatory mechanism of fucoidan derived from<I>Undaria pinnatifida</I>on the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and type II collagen in rabbit articular chondrocytes. Using western blotting and alcian blue staining, respectively, fucoidan was shown to induce type II collagen and sulfated proteoglycan in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, fucoidan inhibited the COX-2 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner and increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and AKT kinases in chondrocytes. The inhibition of p38 and AKT using SB203580 and LY294002, respectively, in the presence of fucoidan decreased the expression of type II collagen. However, ERK inhibition using PD98050 stimulated type II collagen expression. Fucoidan increased COX-2 expression in the presence of inhibitors of ERK, p38, and AKT kinases. These results conclusively suggested that fucoidan regulated type II collagen expression via the p38 and AKT pathways, and COX-2 expression via the p38, ERK and AKT pathways in rabbit articular chondrocytes. Moreover, given its ability to mediate cell differentiation and exert anti-inflammatory activity, fucoidan may represent a potential therapeutic substance for use in inflammatory conditions, including arthritis.</P>
Butt, Abdul Rehman Sadiq,Abbasi, Muhammad Athar,Aziz-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Athar,Siddiqui, Sabahat Zahra,Raza, Hussain,Hassan, Mubashir,Shah, Syed Adnan Ali,Shahid, Muhammad,Seo, Sung-Yum Elsevier 2019 Bioorganic chemistry Vol.86 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The present research was designed for the selective synthesis of novel bi-heterocyclic acetamides, <B>9a-n</B>, and their tyrosinase inhibition to overwhelm the problem of melanogenesis. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral techniques such as <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR, <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR, and EI-MS along with elemental analysis. The inhibitory effects of these bi-heterocyclic acetamides (<B>9a-n</B>) were evaluated against tyrosinase and all these molecules were recognized as potent inhibitors relative to the standard used. The Kinetics mechanism was analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk plots which explored that compound, <B>9h</B>, inhibited tyrosinase competitively by forming an enzyme-inhibitor complex. The inhibition constants K<I> <SUB>i</SUB> </I> calculated from Dixon plots for this compound was 0.0027 µM. The computational study was coherent with the experimental records and these ligands exhibited good binding energy values (kcal/mol). The hemolytic analysis revealed their mild cytotoxicity towards red blood cell membranes and hence, these molecules can be pondered as nontoxic medicinal scaffolds for skin pigmentation and related disorders.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Synthesis of novel bi-heterocyclic acetamides and their tyrosinase inhibition to overwhelm the problem of melanogenesis. </LI> <LI> <I>In vitro</I> and <I>in silico</I> analysis were performed to check their inhibitory potential against tyrosinase enzymes. </LI> <LI> The molecules with small sized methyl group/s at <I>ortho</I>-position/s in aryl part or a flexible phenethyl group, generally inhibited the tyrosinase in an excellent manner. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>