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4-Nonylphenol에 노출된 Tigriopus japonicus 암컷의 생존율과 포란율
곽인실 ( Inn Sil Kwak ),박명옥 ( Myung Ok Park ),이원철 ( Won Choel Lee ) 한국환경생물학회 2005 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.23 No.2
포란한 성충 암컷 Tigriopus japonicus (요각류)를 내분비계 교란물질로 잘 알려져 있는 4-nonylphenol에 노출하여 생존율과 포란율의 변화를 살펴보았다. 실험생물은 2004년 4월 제주도 구안연안에서 플랑크톤망으로 쓸어 잡기로 채집한 후 실내순응을 한 달 동안 시친다. 치사율은 노출농도의 높아지면 증가하였으나 그 경향이 뚜렷하지 않았다. 반면, 노출 후 처음으로 치사한 개체가 발생하는 시기는 비처리군과 처리군에 따라 명백한 차이를 보였다. 포란한 암컷을 실험조건에 이동시키면 생리적인 변동으로 인해 알이 떨어졌다가 4~5일 후 비처리군은 100% 포란을 회복하지만 처리 군에서는 89~95%가 회복되어 약제노출에 따른 영향을 보였다. 치사가 발생하는 시기는 비처리 시에는 10일 후부터이지만 노출 시에는 4에서 6일 후부터 발생하였다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the attach rate and survival rate for the female harpacticoid Tigriopus japonicus response to 4-nonylphenol, known endocrine disrupter. The organisms were sampled by net sweeping on the Jeju Island in April, 2004 were reared in the laboratory condition. As the concentrations increased, the mortality was slowly increased. The first day for appearing dead individuals was clearly different between control conditions and treated conditions. When the female with egg sac was moved to experimental conditions for the adaptation, the female was dropped the egg sac from the body and then reproduced the egg sac into four to five days. Usually the female in control group recovered egg sac but that in the treated group made egg sac between 89% and 95% on exposed individuals. The dead individuals for control conditions were showed on ten days after treating chemicals while those for treated conditions were appeared four to six day after exposure to chemicals.
인공신경망을 이용한 도시하천의 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집 유형성 연구
곽인실 ( Inn Sil Kwak ),김좌관 ( Jwa Kwan Kim ),전태수 ( Tae Soo Chon ) 한국하천호수학회 2003 생태와 환경 Vol.36 No.1
Benthic macro-invertebrates were seasonally collected in the Onchen Stream in Pusan, from July 2001 to March 2002. Generally 4 phylum 5 class 10 order 19 family 23 species were observed in the study sites. Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and various species appeared in headwater stream while Oligochaeta and Chironomidae were dominated in downstream sites. Community abundance patterns, especially the dominant taxa, Oligochaeta and Chironomidae, appeared to be different depending upon the sampling months. Oligocaheta was usually observed in July, December and March while Chironomidae was appeared in September. The biological indices, TBI (Trent Biotic Index), BS(Biotic Score), BMWP(Biological Monitoring Working Party) were calculated with the appeared communities of the sampling sites through the survey months. TBI showed 1 to 8, BMWP was 1 to 93 and CBI appeared 9 to 387 in the different sites. The biological indices decreased form headstream to downstream sites. We implemented the unsupervised Kohonen network for patterning of community abundance of the sampling sites. The patterning map by the Kohonen network was well represented community abundance of the sampling sites. Also, we conducted RTRN(Real Time Recurrent Neural Network) for predicting of the biological indices in the different sites. The results appeared that the predicting values by RTRN were well matched field data (correlation coefficient of TBI, BMWP and CBI wee 0.957, 0.979 and 0.967, respectively).
Kiyun Park(박기연),Inn-Sil Kwak(곽인실) 환경독성보건학회 2009 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.24 No.2
Metal pollution of aquatic ecosystems is a problem of economic and health importance. Information regarding molecular responses to metal exposure is sorely needed in order to identify potential biomarkers. To determine the effects of heavy metals on chironomids, the full-length cDNA of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH3) from Chironomus riparius was determined through molecular cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The expression of ADH3 was analyzed under various cadmium and copper concentrations. A comparative and phylogenetic study among different orders of insects and vertebrates was carried out through analysis of sequence databases. The complete cDNA sequence of the ADH3 gene was 1134 bp in length. The sequence of C. riparius ADH3 shows a low degree of amino acid identity (around 70%) with homologous sequences in other insects. After exposure of C. riparius to various concentrations of copper, ADH3 gene expression significantly decreased within 1 hour. The ADH3 gene expression was also suppressed in C. riparius after cadmium exposure for 24 hour. However, the effect of cadmium on ADH3 gene expression was transient in C. riparius. The results show that the suppression of ADH3 gene by copper exposure could be used as a possible biomarker in aquatic environmental monitoring and imply differential toxicity to copper and cadmium in C. riparius larvae.
저서성 요각류 Tigriopus japonicus s.l.에서 항생제 Fenbendazole과 Lincomycin의 영향
이동주(Dong Ju Lee),곽인실(Inn-Sil Kwak),방현우(Hyun Woo Bang),이원철(Wonchoel Lee) 환경독성보건학회 2010 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.25 No.3
The ecotoxicological effects of two antibiotics, fenbendazole and lincomycin, were observed in the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus s.l. collected from tidal pools in the southern coast of Korea. Fenbendazole had a significant effect on the survival rates (p<0.05), delay of copepodite emergence, and urosome size (p<0.05). Lincomycin, on the other hand, had no significant influence on these environmental indicators. However, our analysis of morphological abnormalities in T. japonicus s.l. showed that lincomycin was more effective than fenbendazole in causing deformities. The pattern of deformity was diverse, with fused segments, and loss or addition of setae in the swimming legs. All of these patterns appeared as a result of relatively low concentrations of this antibiotic (0.3, 1㎍ L?¹). We report here patterns of morphological abnormality in T.japonicus s.l. exposed to antibiotics, and suggest their possible application in ecotoxicological monitoring.
4-tert-octylphenol에 노출된 저서성 요각류 Tigriopus japonicus s.l.의 발생지연 현상
방현우(Hyun Woo Bang),이원철(Wonchoel Lee),곽인실(Inn-Sil Kwak) 환경독성보건학회 2008 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.23 No.2
The ecotoxicological effects of 4-tert-octylphenol were observed on Harpacticoid copepoda Tigriopus japonicus s.l. gathered and cultured from tidal pool of Korean coast. There were no significant differences in survival rate (except 10 ㎍/ℓ; 70.00%) and sex ratio (except 30 ㎍/ℓ) on T. japonicus s.l. exposed to 4-lert-octylphenol. However, 4-rert-octylphenol induced developmental delay (copepodite emergence day and adult male mergence day) and retardation of first brooding day of adult female. Moreover the body size and biomass decreased at 4-tert-octylphenol exposure. As a result, detailed life-cycle research of T. japonicus s.l. may yield potential bioindicators for environmental monitoring and assessment.