Morin exerts cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress in C2C12 myoblasts via the upregulation of Nrf2-dependent HO-1 expression and the activation of the ERK pathway

Lee, Moon Hee,Han, Min Ho,Lee, Dae-Sung,Park, Cheol,Hong, Su-Hyun,Kim, Gi-Young,Hong, Sang Hoon,Song, Kyoung Seob,Choi, Il-Whan,Cha, Hee-Jae,Choi, Yung Hyun UNKNOWN 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.39 No.2

<P>In the present study, we investigated the cytoprotective efficacy of morin, a natural flavonoid, against oxidative stress and elucidated the underlying mechanisms in C2C12 myoblasts. Our results indicated that morin treatment prior to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exposure significantly increased cell viability and prevented the generation of reactive oxygen species. H2O2-induced comet-like DNA formation and gamma H2AX phosphorylation were also markedly suppressed by morin with a parallel inhibition of apoptosis in C2C12 myoblasts, suggesting that morin prevented H2O2-induced cellular DNA damage. Furthermore, morin markedly enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) associated with the induction and phosphorylation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the inhibition of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keapl) expression. Notably, these events were eliminated by transient transfection with Nrf2-specific small interfering RNA. Additional experiments demonstrated that the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by morin was mediated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade. This phenomenon was confirmed with suppressed Nrf2 phosphorylation and consequently diminished HO-1 expression in cells treated with a pharmacological inhibitor of ERK. Collectively, these results demonstrated that morin augments the cellular antioxidant defense capacity through the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, which involves the activation of the ERK pathway, thereby protecting C2C12 myoblasts from H2O2,-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.</P>

Protective Effect of Heme Oxygenase-1 on High Glucose-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Injury

Lee, Eun-Mi,Lee, Young-Eun,Lee, Esder,Ryu, Gyeong Ryul,Ko, Seung-Hyun,Moon, Sung-Dae,Song, Ki-Ho,Ahn, Yu-Bae Korean Diabetes Association 2011 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.35 No.5

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Glucose toxicity that is caused by chronic exposure to a high glucose concentration leads to islet dysfunction and induces apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been identified as an anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective gene. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether HO-1 up-regulation when using metalloprotophyrin (cobalt protoporphyrin, CoPP) could protect pancreatic β-cells from high glucose-induced apoptosis.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the CoPP-induced mRNA expression of HO-1. Cell viability of INS-1 cells cultured in the presence of CoPP was examined by acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using flow cytometry. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was determined following incubation with CoPP in different glucose concentrations.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>CoPP increased HO-1 mRNA expression in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. Overexpression of HO-1 inhibited caspase-3, and the number of dead cells in the presence of CoPP was significantly decreased when exposed to high glucose conditions (HG). CoPP also decreased the generation of intracellular ROS by 50% during 72 hours of culture with HG. However, decreased GSIS was not recovered even in the presence of CoPP.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Our data suggest that CoPP-induced HO-1 up-regulation results in protection from high glucose-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells; however, glucose stimulated insulin secretion is not restored.</P>

Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) Operation: From Design to Initial Results

Moon-Jin Jeon,Young-Ho Cho,김은혁,Dong-Gyu Kim,Young-Joo Song,홍승범,Jonghee Bae,Jun Bang,Jo Ryeong Yim,Dae-Kwan Kim 한국우주과학회 2024 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.41 No.1

Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) is South Korea’s first space exploration mission, developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute. It aims to develop technologies for lunar exploration, explore lunar science, and test new technologies. KPLO was launched on August 5, 2022, by a Falcon-9 launch vehicle from cape canaveral space force station (CCSFS) in the United States and placed on a ballistic lunar transfer (BLT) trajectory. A total of four trajectory correction maneuvers were performed during the approximately 4.5-month trans-lunar cruise phase to reach the Moon. Starting with the first lunar orbit insertion (LOI) maneuver on December 16, the spacecraft performed a total of three maneuvers before arriving at the lunar mission orbit, at an altitude of 100 kilometers, on December 27, 2022. After entering lunar orbit, the commissioning phase validated the operation of the mission mode, in which the payload is oriented toward the center of the Moon. After completing about one month of commissioning, normal mission operations began, and each payload successfully performed its planned mission. All of the spacecraft operations that KPLO performs from launch to normal operations were designed through the system operations design process. This includes operations that are automatically initiated post-separation from the launch vehicle, as well as those in lunar transfer orbit and lunar mission orbit. Key operational procedures such as the spacecraft’s initial checkout, trajectory correction maneuvers, LOI, and commissioning were developed during the early operation preparation phase. These procedures were executed effectively during both the early and normal operation phases. The successful execution of these operations confirms the robust verification of the system operation.

Genetic Diversity of Korean Rice Breeding Parents as Measured by DNA Fingerprinting with Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers

Song,Moon-Tae,Lee,Jeom-Ho,Lee,Sang-Bok,Cho,Youn-Sang,Ku,Ja-hwan,Seo,Kyoung-In,Choi,Seong-ho,Hwang,Heung-Goo 한국자원식물학회 2003 Plant Resources Vol.6 No.1

Molecular markers are useful tools for evaluating genetic diversity and determining cultivar identity. Present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity within a diverse collection of rice accessions used for Korean breeding programs. Two hundred eighty-seven rice cultivars, composed of temperate japonica, tropical japonica, indica, and Tongil-type of Korean crossing parents were evaluated by means of 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 99 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 4 to 11, with an average of 6.6 per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) for each of the SSR markers ranged from 0.2924 to 0.8102 with an average of 0.5785. These results, with the result that use of only 15 SSR markers made all rice cultivars examined could be uniquely distinguished, imply the efficiency of SSR markers for analysis of genetic diversity in rice. Cluster analysis was performed on similar coefficient matrics calculated from SSR markers to generate a dendogram in which two major groups corresponding to japonica (Group I) and indica and Tongil type rice (group II) with additional subclasses within both major groups. The narrowness of the Korean breeding germplasm was revealed by the fact that most of the Korean-bred and Japan-bred temperate japonica cultivars were concentrated into only 2 of the sub-group I-1 (143 cultivars) and I-2 (58 cultivars) among six sub-groups in major group of japonica. This is because of the japonica accessions used in this study was a very closely related ones because of frequent sharing of the crossing parents with similar genetic background with synergy effect of the inherited genetic difference between indica and japonica. A rice breeding strategy with the use of molecular markers was discussed for overcoming of genetic vulnerability owing to this genetic narrowness.

Mirizzi 증후군의 변형된 분류와 치료

김형철,강길호,채만규,김성용,백무준,이문수,박상흠,이문호,김창호,송옥평,조무식,박희주 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Purpose : The Mirizzi syndrome is relatively rare and preoperative diagnosis of this disease is difficult. In 1978, Morelli suggested the subclassification of the Mirizzi syndrome into acute or chronic form. We experienced 5 cases of acute form. We analysed clinical features, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings of 18 cases including acute forms which were diagnosed as Mirizzi syndrome and should suggest the modified classification of Mirizzi syndrome for choice of appropriate treatment. Method : From January 1995 to December 1998, 18 cases, of which 8 cases were diagnosed at Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital, and 10 cases were reported in the Korean Journal were retrospectively analysed with regard to clinical features, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings. According to the clinical features, whole cases were divided into type Ⅰ(acute form) and type Ⅱ(chronic form) and then each type of cases were subclassified according to preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings. Results : Of 18 cases there were 5 cases in type Ⅰ(27.8%), 13 cases in type Ⅱ(72.2%). Type Ⅱb was most common. Type Ⅰa cases were treated only with cholecystectomy. We applied cholecystectomy, T-tube choledochostomy and patch technique in type Ⅰb and thpe Ⅰc cases. Cholectystectomies including removal of gallstones and internal drainage procedures were done in type Ⅱ chronic forms. Conclusion : The acute form(Type Ⅰ) of Mirizzi syndrome was suggested by Morelli might be subclassified into typeⅠa,Ⅰb and Ⅰc following the presence of the necrotic defect in common hepatic duct. Through the modified classification of Mirizzi syndrome based on clinical feature, preoperative radiologic findings and operative findings, we can choice appropriate treatment.

네덜란드 TSB시설 위탁처분에 관한 연구 : 위험한 상습누범의 경우를 중심으로 focusing on dangerous recidivist

송문호 한국비교형사법학회 2003 비교형사법연구 Vol.5 No.2

TBS(Terbeschikkingstelling) is a provision in the Dutch Criminal Code that allows for a period of treatment following a prison sentence for mentally disordered offenders. This article describes the legal criteria as well as the actual treatment environment of the TBS. Discussion focuses on the exchange of knowledge about the TBS approach and its effectiveness. TBS is not a punishment, it is an entrustment act for mentally disordered offenders. Its primary aim is not to seek retribution by depriving an individual of his freedom, but to protect society in the short term by detention , and in the long term, by treatment that reduces risk. As the issue of dangerous personality disordered offenders is a gene- ralized problem for many countries, the TBS is described as the Dutch way to seclude these offenders out of the society ao long as they are dangerous. The relations between security, care, and treatment must be coordinated to create a positive environment for delivering the therapeutic services. After a review of these judicial and the forensic psychiatric paradigms, the policy discussion of the last years will be brought to the fore. The number of TBS detainees has increased so much that cooperation with the community mental heath care is necessary. At present, 96% of the TBS population (100% with aggressive compo- nent) has been convicted of serious violence against persons or serious sexual offenses combined with violence. TBS cannot be compared with the way Korea treat offenders with a personality disorder or a mental disorder.

Effect of Temperature Associated with Early Growth Stimulus on Shortening of Heading Dates in Rice

Song,Moon-Tae,Lee,Jeom-Ho,Cho,Youn-Sang,Hwang,Hung-Goo 한국자원식물학회 2002 Plant Resources Vol.5 No.2

The heading date is known to be controlled by two kinds of genetic constituent, photosensitivity and basic vegetable phase. For the latter, the effect of temperature in early growth period is critical to determine the shortness of vegetative growth periods in plant s life. A phytotron experiment on 55 rice cultivars, consisting of two ecotypes of rices, indica and japonica, was conducted at high and low temperature treatments at early growth stage to investigate the possible role of plant growth stimulus by high temperature to associate with shortening of heading date. The high temperature during the early growth stage stimulated the rice growth as measured by plant height with much difference of the growth response between indica and japonica. The conclusive finding that these growth stimulus in early growth stage was highly correlated with the acceleration of heading is, more or less, correlated with the heading of the late growth stage although we could not conclude the genes for early plant growth stimulus by high temperature is the same genes as the genes for accelerating of heading in the late growth stage of plants.

중국의 二重經濟政策과 지역간의 격차

송문갑,김호 東新大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The purpose of this study is to discuss the problems of Chinese government's economic policies that have initiated China's economic growth since the declaration of reformation and opening in 1978. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The sustained double-price policy and the family-registration system restricted the movement of labor force, so that the economic gap between urban and rural areas became worse. 2. The economic policies inclined toward the coast-lands made worse the gap of development between coast-lands and inland-areas. 3. The above mentioned policies and system seem to have accelerated the potentially jobless of rural areas and the exclusive decentralization between the areas. In conclusion, new policies are urgently required to solve these problems.

초음파 펄스에코 신호의 3차원 처리

송문호,손상락,조정호,성제중,안형근,장순재 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.23 No.5

비파괴 시험을 위한 3차원 구조의 초음파 영상에는 다양한 결함을 명백하게 보여줄 수 있을 만큼 상세하고 쉽게 알아볼 수 있는 정보가 제공되어야 한다. 수년 동안 원자력 발전소에서 사용된 금속관에 발견되는 소규모의 균열은 전형적인 결함들인데, 이러한 밀리미터 이하의 균열이나 결함은 최종 3차원 영상에서 묘사되어야만 의미있는 검사가 될 것이다. 향상된 선명도와 그에 따른 결함의 발견 과정의 한 단계로써, 펄스에코(pulse-echo) 초음파를 사용한 3차원 영상제작 기술을 제안한다. 이 기술은 필요한 스캐닝과 펄스에코 데이터의 처리과정을 통한 검사로 3차원 물체의 3차원 영상을 생성하는데, 2차원 위너필터(Wiener filter)에 의해 초음파 빔을 선명하게 하는 기술을 포함한다. 제안하는 위너필터는 빔의 전달에서 펄스에코 데이터를 초음파 빔 방향의 수직방향에 따라 필터링한다. 이 3차윈 처리과정은 결함의 선명성을 증진시키고 사용자에게 3차윈 구조물의 좌우 회전 및 축 회전과 같은 조작 능력을 제공한다. 이러한 조작 능력은 3차원에서 다양한 결함들의 크기와 위치의 분명한 묘사를 가능하게 한다. Infrasonic imaging of 3-D structures for nondestructive evaluation must provide readily recognizable images with enough details to clearly show various flaws that may or may not be present. Typical flaws that need to be detected are miniature cracks, for instance, in metal pipes having aged over years of operation in nuclear power plants; and these sub-millimeter cracks or flaws must be depicted in the final 3-D image for a meaningful evaluation. As a step towards improving conspicuity and thus detection of flaws, we propose a pulse-echo ultrasonic imaging technique to generate various 3-D views of the 3-D object under evaluation through strategic scanning and processing of the pulse-echo data. We employ a 2-D Wiener filter that filters the pulse-echo data along the plane orthogonal to the beam propagation so that ultrasonic beams can be sharpened. This three-dimensional processing and display coupled with 3-D manipulation capabilities by which users are able to pan and rotate the 3-D structure improve conspicuity of flaws. Providing such manipulation operations allow a clear depiction of the size and the location of various flaws in 3-D.

法哲學的 觀點에서 본 不作爲의 因果關係

송문호 又石大學校 法律行政硏究所 2000 法律行政硏究 Vol.1 No.-