Kidney Toxicity Induced by 13 Weeks Exposure to the Fruiting Body of Paecilomyces sinclairii in Rats

Jeong, Mi-Hye,Kim, Young-Won,Min, Jeong-Ran,Kwon, Min,Han, Beom-Suk,Kim, Jeong-Gyu,Jeong, Sang-Hee Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.3

Paecilomyces sinclairiis (PS) is known as a functional food or human health supplement. However concerns have been raised about its kidney toxicity. This study was performed to investigate the kidney toxicity of PS by 13 week-oral administration to rats. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and kidney damage biomarkers including beta-2-microglobulin (${\beta}2m$), glutathione S-transferase alpha (GST-${\alpha}$), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), calbindin, clusterin, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and osteopontin were measured during or after the treatment of PS. BUN, creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not changed by PS. However, kidney cell karyomegaly and tubular hypertrophy were observed dose-dependently with higher severity in males. KIM-1, TIMP-1 and osteopontin in kidney and urine were increased dose dependently in male or at the highest dose in female rats. Increased urinary osteopontin by PS was not recovered at 2 weeks of post-exposure in both genders. Cystatin C in kidney was decreased at all treatment groups but inversely increased in urine. The changes in kidney damage biomarkers were more remarkable in male than female rats. These data indicate that the PS may provoke renal cell damage and glomerular filtration dysfunction in rats with histopathological lesions and change of kidney damage biomarkers in kidney or urine. Kidney and urinary KIM-1 and cystatin C were the most marked indicators, while kidney weight, BUN and creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not influenced.

Kidney Toxicity Induced by 13 Weeks Exposure to the Fruiting Body of Paecilomyces sinclairii in Rats

Mihye Jeong,Young-Won Kim,Jeong-Ran Min,Min Kwon,Beom-Suk Han,Jeong-Gyu Kim,Sang-Hee Jeong 한국독성학회 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.3

Paecilomyces sinclairiis (PS) is known as a functional food or human health supplement. However concerns have been raised about its kidney toxicity. This study was performed to investigate the kidney toxicity of PS by 13 week-oral administration to rats. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and kidney damage biomarkers including beta-2-microglobulin (β2m), glutathione S-transferase alpha (GST-α), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), calbindin, clusterin, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and osteopontin were measured during or after the treatment of PS. BUN, creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not changed by PS. However, kidney cell karyomegaly and tubular hypertrophy were observed dose-dependently with higher severity in males. KIM-1, TIMP-1 and osteopontin in kidney and urine were increased dose dependently in male or at the highest dose in female rats. Increased urinary osteopontin by PS was not recovered at 2 weeks of post-exposure in both genders. Cystatin C in kidney was decreased at all treatment groups but inversely increased in urine. The changes in kidney damage biomarkers were more remarkable in male than female rats. These data indicate that the PS may provoke renal cell damage and glomerular filtration dysfunction in rats with histopathological lesions and change of kidney damage biomarkers in kidney or urine. Kidney and urinary KIM-1 and cystatin C were the most marked indicators, while kidney weight, BUN and creatinine and kidney damage biomarkers in serum were not influenced.

조직배양에 의한 위도상사화(Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim)의 효율적 기내번식

고정애 ( Jeong Ae Ko ),김인숙 ( In Sook Kim ),정공수 ( Gong Soo Jeong ),최정란 ( Jeong Ran Choi ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.43 No.2

위도상사화(Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim)의 효율적인 기내 급속 대량 증식체계를 확립시키고자 잎과 인편을 배양하였다. 5℃에서 60일간 저온 처리한 모구를 구고를 중심으로 상부, 중부 및 하부로 구분하여 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA, 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA 또는 3.0mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리된 MS 배지에 배양한 결과 식물생장조절물질과는 관계없이 디스크가 부착된 인편의 하부가 캘러스 및 자구 형성에 가장 효과적인 부위였다. 캘러스는 잎절편이나 인편조직에서 쉽게 형성되었으나 소자구 및 신초는 인편에서만 형성되어 기내번식에 적합한 절편체는 인편이었다. 자구 형성 및 신초분화는 배지내 첨가된 식물생장조절물질에 따라 치상체에서 직접 자구를 형성하거나 캘러스를 통해 식물체로 분화되는 2가지 경로로 형성되었는데 디스크가 부착된 인편을 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA, 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA 또는 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리된 MS 배지에 배양하여 30일 이내에 60%-100%까지 유도하였다. 다량의 자구형성 및 유지는 MS배지에 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA가 혼용되거나 또는 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리 되었을 때 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA와 1.0mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리 되었을 때 보다 효과적이었다. 6% sucrose는 자구형성 및 비대를 촉진시켰으며 특히 3.0 mg·L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg·L-1 BA 혼용처리배지에 6% sucrose를 첨가시키므로 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D와 1.0 mg·L-1 BA가 혼용 배지보다 구의 비대가 1-2배 증가하였다. 인편유래 캘러스로부터 기관분화 또는 인편에서 직접 분화된 자구에서 성공적으로 식물체가 재분화되었다. This study was conducted to establish an effective in vitro mass propagation system using leaf and bulb scale explant sources of Lycoris uydoensis M. Kim. For the bulb scale culture, the bulbs treated at 5℃ for 60 days were dissected into three parts according to bulb height (upper, middle, and bottom), and allowed for a culture on the MS medium with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, and 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA plus 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA. Regardless of plant hormone treatments, the bottom part of the bulb including the disk proved to be most effective in forming the callus and bulblets. Callus was readily produced on the young leaf segment and bulb scale tissues, whereas, bulblets and shoots were formed only on bulb scale explants. Bulb scales with disk appeared to the best optimal explant for in vitro propagation. Two distinct pathways, either organogenesis through callus or direct bulblet formation, could be recognized in bulb scale culture. Bulblet formation and shoot organogenesis from the bulb scales with disk were effectively induced up to the 60%~100% on the MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA, and 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA within 30 days of culture. On MS media supplemented with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA or 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA were more effective than 0.5 mg ? L-1 NAA plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA for induced and maintained a large number of bulblets. Six percent of sucrose enhanced bulblet formation and expanded the bulblets. Especially, adding 6% of sucrose on MS media supplemented with 3.0 mg ? L-1 IBA와 3.0 mg ? L-1 BA was one or two times of bulblets expanted than on MS mediun with 0.1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D plus 1.0 mg ? L-1 BA plus 6% of sucrose. Plantlet regeneration was successfully achieved from bulb scale-derived callus, via shoot bud induction or direct bulblet formation.

Distribution of Aquaporins (Water Channels) in the Rat Salivary Glands

정지연(Ji-Yeon Jung),한창룡(Chang-Ryoung Han),정연진(Yeon-Jin Jeong),오원만(Won-Mann Oh),김미원(Mi-Won Kim1),김선헌(Sun-Hun Kim),김옥준(Ok-Joon Kim),김현진(Huyn-Jin Kim),고정태(Jeong-Tae Koh),최홍란(Hong-Ran Choi),김원재(Won-Jae Kim) 대한해부학회 2002 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.35 No.3

침샘은 하루 1.5 l의 침을 분비하며, 일반적으로 침샘에서 수분이동은 능동적 염분 이동에 따른 삼투현상에 의해 일어난다. 따라서 침샘에서 높은 수분투과성으로 인해 수분통로 단백인 aquaporin (AQP)들이 풍부하게 존재할 수 있다. 지금까지침샘에 4가지 형태의 AQP이 존재한다고 알려져 있지만 침샘에서 정확한 위치와 수분 이동에 대한 각 AQP들의 역할은 아직 확실치 않다. 본 연구는 300 g 정도의 흰쥐를 pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg, IP) 마취하에서 carbarchol (10 μg/kg)을 복강 내 투여한 후 AQP들의 역할과 분포를 면역조직화학방법으로 조사하였다. AQP1은 침샘의 미세혈관의 내피세포와 샘세포와 샘관 주위에 존재하는 근육상피세포에 존재하였다. AQP4는 침샘관의 마지막 부위인 배출관에 존재하였다. AQP5는 주로 장액세포의 바닥가쪽과 세포사이 분비소관을 포함한 세포꼭대기쪽막 에 존재하였으며 콜린성 분비 자극으로 세포꼭대기쪽막으로 이동되어 밀집되었다. AQP5는 모든 침샘의 사이관과 줄무늬 관에도 존재하였으며 점액세포는 약하게 존재하였다. AQP8은 AQP5처럼 장액세포의 바닥쪽막과 세포사이 분비소관을 포함한 세포꼭대기쪽막에 존재하였으며 콜린성 침분비 자극으로 세포꼭대기쪽막쪽으로 이동되어 밀집되었다. 이상의 실험결과는 AQP5와 AQP8이 장액세포에서 일차 침 형성시 일어나는 수분이동의 주된 통로임을 시사하였다. The salivary glands produce 1.5 l of fluid per day. As in other organs, the general paradigm in the salivary glands is that water movement occurs secondary to osmotic driving forces created by active salt transport. Therefore, high water permeability in salivary glands is expected to need a variety of aquaporin (AQP), a water channel. Although four AQPs have been known to reside in salivary glands, the precise location and roles of AQPs have been not well examined. This study is aimed to investigate the distribution of AQPs in 3 major salivary glands and their changes after cholinergic stimulation using immunohistochemical study in Sprague Dawley rats weighing 300 g under pentobarbital sodium anesthesia. AQP1 was localized in the endothelial cells of all salivary capillary vessels and the myoepithelial cells. AQP4 was demonstrated in the epithelium of the excretory ductal cells of all salivary glands. AQP5 and 8 were abundantly present in the basolateral membrane and apical membranes of the serous acini including intercellular secretory canaliculi, whereas AQP5 was weakly present in mucous acini. In addition, AQP5 was found in the epithelium of the intercalated and striated ducts. Upon stimulation of carbachol (10 μg/kg, I.P). AQP5 and 8 tended to translocate from basolateral membrane to the apical membrane, appearing as clusters of dots. These results suggest that AQP5 and 8 are the candidate molecules responsible for the water movement in salivary acinar cells.

간호전문대학생의 임상실습 만족도에 관한 일 조사 연구

金玉蘭,孫貞台 김천과학대학 1982 김천과학대학 논문집 Vol.10 No.-

To ascertain if students' general characteristies affect the level of satisfaction in clinical practice, this study investigated students' perceptions on contents, guidance, environment, hours and evaluations of clinical practice associated with their characteristics. Study was conducted, from the 14th of September to the 21st of October, to 481 nursing Students from 6 diploma programs. Results are as follows. 1. On the hours of clinical practice, sophomore was significantly higher than junior. (P〈0.1) On the evalution sophomore was significantly lower than junior. (P〈0.005) 2. Satisfaction level on the academic achievement was significantly different in the order of upper, middle and lower. (P〈0.01) 3. Level of satisfaction of students who had school-hospital, on the contents, significantly higher than who had none. (P〈0.01) 4. The better health states students had, on the contents, the higher satisfaction level was significantly.(P〈O.05) 5. Students were preferred professor as clinical instructor rather than nurse on the contents, guidance and hours. (P〈0.005, P〈0.05) 6. Enterance motive made by herself was scored significantly higher than the other on the contents and hours. (P〈0.05) 7. The better interpersonal relationship students had, the higher satisfaction level was significantly on the guidance, environment and hours. (P〈0.01)

휠체어 사용자의 기능적인 바지 디자인 개발

김경임,이정란 한국의류산업학회 2004 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.6 No.2

This study shows the result of the survey conducted for male adults who had to use wheelchairs. The objectives of this study are to develop and improve the clothes for the disabled people and to make those garments put into practice. For this purpose, the survey was conducted at first so as to understand the situation of the disabled peoples wearing clothes and the garment demands. This survey is to suggest the suited form of the pants they want. The result of the study is as follows. 1) The average age of the subjects was 38.4 years old. They have used wheelchairs for 12 years on the average. Most subjects two limbs were paralyzed because of the acquired spinal paralysis. 60 percent of them were wearing the urine bags all the time. The average size of the pants they purchased was 39 inches, which means that their waist and abdominal circumstance were very big. 2) Regarding the situation of wearing habits, although the subjects usually purchased ready-to-wear, most of them are very dissatisfied with them. Especially, they considered the size as their main dissatisfaction. The main concern for buying garments was how comfortable and mobile they are while wearing them. They also needed outdoor garments. Lastly, they looked forward to the shop specialized in the garments for disabled people. 3) The functional pants for adult men using wheelchairs had the same zipper as that of general pants. The waist belt was made of rubber to reduce the pressure on waist and to cover 2 inches (5 cm) of waist circumference. Also it should be made to secure each button within the belt in accordance with size. Finally, it was designed as formal wrinkled pants that had pockets within the reach of hands when the disabled used wheelchairs.

다중음성치료기법(SK-MVTT)이 성대결절 환자의 음성개선에 미치는 효과 : 액센트 기법과의 비교 연구 Comparison with Accent Method

김성태,정옥란 한국음성과학회 2004 음성과학 Vol.11 No.4

Vocal nodule is one of the representative chronic diseases of vocal folds, and it can be cured by voice therapy. However, the existing therapeutic methods about vocal nodule are in great demand. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of therapeutic methods between Accent method and SK-MVTT (Seong-Tae Kim's multiple voice therapy technique), which was designed by the author. We identified 40 females, who diagnosed having vocal nodules, aged from 21 to 52 years (mean age: 40 years). Twenty females were treated by the SK-MVTT and the other 20 females the Accent method. All subjects received 12 sessions of treatment, and were evaluated after finishing the 6th and the 12th session. The results showed that the SK-MVTT produced a better results compared to the Accent method. The SK-MVTT was better especially at the initial stage of voice therapy compared to the Accent method. In this study, we can suggest that SK-MVTT may be useful in improving the voice qualities of vocal nodule patients. However, more data should be collected and evaluated before it can widely be used in other clinics.

한약에 의해 유발된 급성 간질성 신염 2례

김덕윤,박동건,김응석,강영모,양창헌,이정호,이동철,이영현,김정란 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

간질성 신염은 신장의 간질을 선택적으로 침범하는 염증성 질환으로 여러가지 원인에 의해 유발되며, 이 중 약물에 의한 경우는 각종 항생제, 비스테로이드성 진통제, 항경련제, 이뇨제, 면역억제제등에 의한 증례들이 보고되고 있다. 현재 각종 질환-특히 만성질환-의 치료에서 한약이 차지하는 비중이 적지 않으나, 그 각각의 성분들이 유발할 수 있는 부작용들에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 저자들은 관절염 치료를 위해 중국산 한약을 복용한 후 복통, 피로감 및 육안적 혈뇨를 주소로 내원한 두 환자에서, 단백뇨와 신기능 장애를 보여 시행한 신조직 생검상 급성 간질성 신염에 합당한 병리학적 소견을 보이고, 한약 복용 중지 후 급속한 회복을 보여, 한약에 의해 유발된 것으로 사료되는 급성 간질성 신염 2예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Acute interstitial nephritis is a disease characterized by renal interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration and acute renal functional deterioration. This is caused mainly by antibiotics, NSAID and diuretics such as thiazide, but cases induced by herb medication are rare. We experienced two cases of acute interstitial nephritis after treatment with herb medication. One 71-year-old female patient and the other 60-year-old female were admitted to the hospital because of general weakness and gross hematuria. Microscopic hematuria, pyuria, and proteinuria were presented. After definitive diagnosis with a renal biopsy, we noted rapid recovery of renal function by drug withdrawal and steroid therapy. We report these cases with a review of the referenced literatures. Key Words : Herb medication, Acute Interstitial nephritis.

셀레콕시브 및 그 합성유도체들의 항암활성 스크리닝

박정란,강진형,구효정,노지영,류형철,박상욱,고동현,조일환,이주영,황다니엘,김인경 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.2

Selective COX (cyclooxygenase)-2 inhibitors including celecoxib have been shown to induce apoptosis and cell cycle changes in various tumor cells. New inhibitors are recently being developed as chemomodulating agents. We evaluated celecoxib and screened 150 synthetic compounds for anti-proliferative activities in vitro. Effects of celecoxib on COX activity, cell growth, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis induction were determined in A549 COX-2 overexpressing human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. The COX inhibition of celecoxib increased with concentration up to 82% at 1μM after 24 hr exposure. Forty μM and 50μM of celecoxib induce G_1 arrest, and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, respectively. Among 150 compounds, several compounds were selected for having greater COX-2 inhibitory activity and higher selectivity than celecoxib with growth inhibitory activity. Celecoxib showed concentration-dependent COX inhibitory activity, and ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human NSCLC cells in vitro. Among synthetic analogues screened, several compounds showed promising in vitro activity as COX-2 inhibitory anticancer agents, which warrant further evaluation in vitro and in vivo.

농인의 관점에서 본 농교육의 전환 : The Deaf Centered Approach

곽정란,정운기,김경진 국립특수교육원 2004 특수교육연구 Vol.11 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 농아동을 특수교육의 대상으로 국한시키는 것에서 벗어나 농교육의 중요한 주체의 하나로서 인식하여, 그들의 요구(needs)를 이해하고 지원하기 위해 농인의 관점에서 농교육의 전환 방향을 모색해 보는데 있다. 이를 위해 첫째, 농인에 대한 사회·문화적 관점은 어떤 내용을 내포하고 있으며, 농인 스스로는 자신을 어떻게 바라보고 있는가, 둘째, 농인의 관점을 지원하기 위한 사회제도는 어떻게 변화하고 있으며, 최근 농사회의 자기권리 주장은 무엇인가, 셋째 농인의 관점에서 농교육의 전환 방향은 무엇인가를 살펴보았다. 고찰 한 결과 농(deaf)의 개념은 청각장애만을 의미하는 것이 아니라 사회·문화적 환경에 따라 다른 의미로 구성될 수 있는 것으로, 이는 농인의 언어인 수화에 대한 사회적 수용에 따라 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 즉 농인에 대한 사회·문화적 관점에 기반할 때 농인은 청각장애인을 의미하는 것이 아니라 수화라는 언어를 사용하는 언어적·문화적 소수집단을 의미하였다. 이에 따라 오늘날의 사회는 수화통역제도 수화통역센타를 통해 농인의 언어적·문화적 입장을 존중하기 위해 변화하고 있으며, 농인 역시 언어적·문화적 권리를 강조하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 농인의 관점에 입각한 농교육의 전환 방향은 첫째 농아동의 언어적·문화적 배경을 이해하고 지원해 줄 수 있는 농인 교사가 필요하며, 둘째 농인으로서의 정체성을 고려하기 위해 교육과정의 재구성이 요구될 뿐 만 아니라, 셋째 농학교는 본연의 교육적 역할을 충실히 수행함과 아울러 농인의 언어와 문화를 지지하는 문화적·언어적 공간으로서의 역할을 재정립할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was find ways (1) to accept people with deaf as a main or core for the education for the deaf, themselves, being over the invisible limitation that they were positioned as subjects - being educated - only on the field, and (2) to reform education for the deaf, according to the stand of view of Deaf people, which was reflected the real needs of Deaf people should be understood and supported. To establish these, the writer investigated following issues; (1) the contents of social and cultural environment of Deaf people, (2) the transition of social approach or system to support needs of Deaf people, which were issued currently on their social and cultural environment and for the more, (3) reformation of education for the deaf that was reflect opinions from or by the deaf. The concept 'deaf' doesn't mean only hearing impairments but being positioned another additional status for the cultural and social environment. The obvious factors to produce the causes of the differences are whether social acceptance and recognition their sign language as their daily communication methods, as people use speaking language. Which means considering their social and cultural environment, we can say people with deaf rather minority who are using sign language in social than handicapped people with hearing impairments. Thus, sign language translating serves, for instance, are providing to support socal and cultural stand of the deaf and ensure appropriate communication between people who are not use sign language and use it. And people with deaf put stress on the right of using their own (sign) language nowadays. The findings of reform education ways reflected view of the culture of the deaf are as follows; First, teachers who are deaf by hisself or herself in be hired in every school for the deaf to fully-understand and support students' social and cultural background, Second, curriculum of deaf education should be restructured to adapt and increase identification as a deaf, Third, schools for the deaf perform to educate deaf more substantially and should be the resource center of sign language and deaf culture.