항공산업의 전략적 제휴에 관한 연구 : NWA와 KLM의 제휴사례를 중심으로

이승영,백순석 동국대학교 해외개발연구소 1994 國際貿易論叢 Vol.9 No.-

This study will analyse the alliance between NWA and KLM, Most industries present difficult problems of analysis because of continual changes in the structure of the market and the performance of individual firms. This is certainly so in the case of the international airline industry, owing to deregulation, privatization and grobalization. Strategic alliances can be one of the solution. Strategic alliances can be catracterized by nationality and degree of interfirm cooperation, each company's contribution from the value chain, geographical scope and mission, fiduciary risk and environmental risk exposure, relative bargaining power and ownership. The alliance between NWA and KLM includes joint venture but we can also find strategic alliances. In this case study, Korea's airline industry can learn the lessons from the success of alliances between two companies.

사이토카인과 Lipopolysaccharide 자극에 의한 RAW 264.7 세포주의 nitric oxide 생성

김영덕,전창덕,이병순,이복수,박석돈,백상기,정헌택 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1993 생물공학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

Macrophages have been implicated as a major class of effector in the host response to neoplasia. Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage are known to exhibit tumoricidal activity following stim-ulation by γ-interferon, tumor necrosis factor, BCG and bacterial products such as lipopoly-saccharide (LPS). While the mechanism involved remain obscure, the generation of reactive nitrogen intermediate (RNI) by activated macrophages is considered a maior participant in mediating the tumorstatic effect. But much of what is known about the induction and release of RNI has been elucidated by using freshly isolated cells from blood and other tissues of experimental animals. In this study, we used a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, and found that these cells showed above 99% positive of pan macrophage marker by immunohistochemical staining. These cells could produce nitric oxide (NO), when incubated with γ-IFN or poly I:C. Incubation of RAW 264.7 cells with γ-IFN for 48 hous in the presence of LPS agumented NO release in a dose dependent manner. Whereas, treatment of anti-TNE-α antibody or antisense TNF-α oligodeoxynucleotide inhibited the release of NO_2 by γ-IFN plus LPS activated macrophages. The production of NO was also inhibited reversibly or irreversibly by N^GMMA,NAA,arginase or DPI. Thease data suggest that RAW 264.7 cell line may be useful for the in vitro evalulation of biological response modifiers as well as the study of signal pathway of NO release by macrophages.

우리나라 일부 석면사업장의 석면폐 유병률

백도명,백남원,최정근,손미아,임정기,이원진,문영한,박정선,최병순 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Asbestos industry has been in operation over 60 years in Korea. However, the prevalence of asbestosis has not been yet reported. With rapid turn-over of workers, previous cross-sectional studies of current workers on the job could not find cases with exposures long enough for the development of asbestosis. This study was done to evaluate asbestosis prevalence of those worksites with operation history of more than 20 years. In total, 139 workers from 5 worksites were examined. Asbestos industries covered in the study include 2 asbestos textile, 1 brake lining, and 2 ship repairing worksites. Chest x-ray was taken from all workers and read by two experts familiar with pneumoconiosis classification according to 1980 ILO guidelines. Those with findings compatible with asbestosis were further ckecked with high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT). Pulmonary function tests were done according to ATS guidelines, and occupational and previous medical history was taken through a standardized interview. Air-borne asbestos was measured according to NIOSH method 7400. The air-borne asbestos concentrations ranged from 0.2-1.3 f/cc for asbestos textile, from 0.7-1.0 f/cc for brake lining, and from 6.3-7.8 f/cc during asbestos removal at ship repairing worksite. Of the 139 workers 25 had abnormal chest radiographic findings, and 10 of them had findings compatible with pneumoconiosis. When work history and current asbestos measurements were accounted, 9 workers who had more than 10 years of asbestos exposure history showed chest radiographic findings of pneumoconiosis with Finally, 4 workers showed finding of pulmonary fibrosis and/or pleural thickening at HRCT, and 2 of them had restrictive lung function changes. The study results showed that, among 139 subjects, there were 4(3%) definite asbestosis cases confirmed with HRCT. The prevalence of probable asbestosis was 7% for 10-14 years of exposure, 13% for 15-19 years of exposure, and 23% for 20 or more years of exposure. The prevalence of compensable asbestosis with abnormal lung function was 4-6% for those with 15 or more years of exposure.

전국 단위 감시체계의 현황과 전망

강성규,안연순,지영구,김형옥,하미나,권호장,백남종,김성아,홍윤철,김재용,강대희,정혜선,하은희 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Defective Interfering HIV - 1 Pseudotypes Carrying Chimeric CD4 Protein

Paik, Soon Young,Park, Seung Won,Ye, Zhi Ping,Schubert, Manfred 생화학분자생물학회 1998 BMB Reports Vol.34 No.6

Chimeric CD4 proteins were assembled. They contained the entire CD4 ectodomain that is linked to different membrane anchors. Membrane anchors consisted of either glucosyl phosphatidyl inositol (gpi), the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions of HIV -1 Env protein, or the vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein, respectively. The HIV -1 co-receptor CXCR4 and CD4 were independently inserted into viral envelopes. We compared the insertion of six different CD4/CXCR4 constructs into HIV -1 envelopes, as well as their functionality in targeting and specific infection of cells that constitutively express the HIV-1 Env protein. All of the six different HIV-1 (CD4/CXCR4) pseudotypes were able to transduce Env (+) cells at similar efficiency. In addition, stable transduction of the Env (+) recipient cells demonstrated that all chimeric proteins were functional as receptors for Env when inserted into HIV-1 envelopes. In fact, these results demonstrate for the first time a stable transduction by a targeted HIV-1 pseudotype virus.

Purification and Characterization of Complement-activating Acidic Polysaccharides from the Fruits of Capsicum annuum

Paik, Soon-Young,Ra, Kyung-Soo,Chang, In-Seop,Park, Yoon-Chang,Park, Hee-Sung,Baik, Hyung-Suk,Yun, Jong-Won,Choi, Jang-Won Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2003 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.36 No.2

Hot water-soluble crude polysaccharide (HCAP-0) that was obtained from the fruits of Capsicum annuum showed potent anti-complementary activity. The activity was unchanged by pronase digestion, but decreased by periodate oxidation. The HCAP-0 was fractionated by DEAE ion-exchange chromatography to give two major fractions, HCAP-II and III. These two fractions were finally purified by gel filtration to give HCAP-IIa, HCAP-IIIa1, and IIIa2 fractions that had high anti-complementary activities. The HCAP-IIIa1 and IIIa2 consisted of homogeneous polysaccharides. The anti-complementary activities were unaffected by treatment with polymyxin B, indicating that the modes of complement activation were not due to preexisting lipopolysaccharide. The molecular weight and sugar content of HCAP-IIIa2 had potent anti-complementary activity. The highest yields were 55 kDa and 75.9%, and the molar ratio of galactose (Ara:Gal, 1.0:4.6) was higher than other sugars. The crossed immuno-electrophoresis showed that both classical and alternative pathways were activated by HCAP-IIIa2.

The Influence of the Nucleotide Sequences of Random Shine-Dalgarno and Spacer Region on Bovine Growth Hormone Gene Expression

Paik Soon-Young,Ra Kyung Soo,Cho Hoon Sik,Koo Kwang Bon,Baik Hyung Suk,Lee Myung Chul,Yun Jong Won,Choi Jang Won The Microbiological Society of Korea 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.1

To investigate the effects of the nucleotide sequences in Shine-Dalgarno (SD) and the spacer region (SD-ATG) on bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene expression, the expression vectors under the control of the T7 promoter (pT7-7 vector) were constructed using bGH derivatives (bGH1 & bGH14) which have different 5'-coding regions and were induced in E. coli BL21 (DE3). Oligonucleotides containing random SD sequences and a spacer region were chemically synthesized and the distance between the SD region and the initiation codon were fixed to nine bases in length. The oligonucleotides were annealed and fused to the bGH1 and bGH14 cDNA, respectively. When the bGH gene was induced with IPTG in E. coli BL21(DE3), some clones containing only bGH14 cDNA produced considerable levels of bGH in the range of $6.9\%\;to\;8.5\%$ of total cell proteins by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Otherwise, the bGH was not detected in any clones with bGH1 cDNA. Accordingly, the nucleotide sequences of SD and the spacer region affect on bGH expression indicates that the sequences sufficiently destabilize the mRNA secondary structure of the bGH14 gene. When the free energy was calculated from the transcription initiation site to the +51 nucleotide of bGH cDNA using a program of nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction, the constructs with values below -26.3 kcal/mole (toward minus direction) were not expressed. The constructs with the original sequence of bGH cDNA also did not show any expression, regardless of the free energy values. Thus, the disruption of the mRNA secondary structure may be a major factor regulating bGH expression in the translation initiation process. Accordingly, the first stem-loop among two secondary structures present in the 5'-end region of the bGH gene should be disrupted for the effective expression of bGH.

Purification and Characterization of Complement-activating Acidic Polysaccharides from the Fruits of Capsicum annuum

( Soon Young Paik ),( Kyung Soo Ra ),( In Seop Chang ),( Yoon Chang Park ),( Hee Sung Park ),( Hyung Suk Baik ),( Jong Won Yun ),( Jang Won Choi ) 생화학분자생물학회 2003 BMB Reports Vol.36 No.2

Hot water-soluble crude polysaccharide (HCAP-0) that was obtained from the fruits of Capsicum annuum showed potent anti-complementary activity. The activity was unchanged by pronase digestion, but decreased by periodate oxidation. The HCAP-0 was fractionated by DEAE ion-exchange chromatography to give two major fractions, HCAP-II and III. These two fractions were finally purified by gel filtration to give HCAP-IIa, HCAP-IIIa1, and IIIa2 fractions that had high anti- complementary activities. The HCAP-IIIa1 and IIIa2 consisted of homogeneous polysaccharides. The anti- complementary activities were unaffected by treatment with polymyxin B, indicating that the modes of complement activation were not due to preexisting lipopolysaccharide. The molecular weight and sugar content of HCAP-IIIa2 had potent anti-complementary activity. The highest yields were 55 kDa and 75.9%, and the molar ratio of galactose (Ara:Gal, 1.0:4.6) was higher than other sugars. The crossed immuno-electrophoresis showed that both classical and alternative pathways were activated by HCAP-IIIa2

Genes for mobilization of non - self transconjugation plasmids from phytopathogenic bacteria

Soon Young Paik,Shozo Sawada 생화학분자생물학회 1991 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

The Use of Recombinant DNA Techniques to Study Sterol Metabolism in Streptomyces sp.

Paik, Soon-Young,Shozo, Sawada,Yang, Han-Chul 한국생화학분자생물학회 1990 생화학분자생물학회 소식 Vol.10 No.3

The nucleotide sequence of the cholesterol oxidase gene (choA) of Streptomyces sp. was determined previously. We searched for the promoter region of the choA gene and found a strong promoter at about 1.3-kb upstream from choA gene. Thus we sequenced the fragment between the promoter and choA gene and found a new open reading frame (ORF), unexpectedly. Furthermore, the results of transcript analysis suggested that the c h A gene was transcribed polycistronically under the control of the promoter. In this review, we also discuss homologies in the new ORF and its activity of cytochrome P-450.