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Song, Eun-Sik,Jung, Sang Il,Park, Hyung-Jin,Seo, Kyoung-Won,Son, Jeong-Hoon,Hong, Sanghyun,Shim, Minkyung,Kim, Hyeun Bum,Song, Kun-Ho American Society for Microbiology 2016 Journal of clinical microbiology Vol.54 No.4
<P>One of the most common diseases in high-performance German Holstein dairy cows is left-sided displacement of the abomasum (LDA). Hypomotility of the abomasum is detrimental during the pathogenesis of LDA. It is known that improper interactions between the gut microbiota and the enteric nervous system contribute to dysfunctions of gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, we hypothesized that the gut microbial composition will be different between German Holstein dairy cows with and without LDA. We used 16S rRNA gene analysis to evaluate whether there are any differences in bacterial composition between German Holstein dairy cows with and without LDA. Even though our data are limited to being used to correlate compositional changes with corresponding functional aspects in the pathogenesis of LDA, results from this study show that the fecal microbial compositions of German Holstein dairy cows with LDA shifted and were less diverse than those in normal cows. In particular, Spirochaetes were absent in cows with LDA.</P>
송상현 ( Sanghyun Song ),임현운 ( Hyunwoon Lim ),이경준 ( Kyeong-jun Lee ) 한국수산과학회 2023 한국수산과학회지 Vol.56 No.6
This study aimed to evaluate the effectivity of full-fat black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (BSF) and defatted meal-worm Tenebrio molitor (MW) larvae meal as a fish meal (FM) substitute in a low-fish meal (LFM) diet for juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The LFM diet comprising 45% FM with tankage meal, poultry byproduct meal, soy protein concentrate and wheat gluten was the control diet. Three experimental diets were 10% FM in Con with BSF, MW and a mixture of both at the same ratio (designated as B10, M10 and B5M5, respectively). Four hundred and forty-fourth juvenile P. olivaceus (34.3±0.1 g) were randomly distributed into 12 tanks (425 L) in three replicate groups per treatment and fed the experimental diets for 15 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance, survival, biological indices (condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index), non-specific immune re-sponses (lysozyme, myeloperoxidase) and intestinal histology (villi length and goblet cells) were not significantly affected by treatments. Feed utilization was significantly decreased in M10 compared to the control group. Alanine aminotransferase level was significantly higher in M10 than in the control group. Glucose level was significantly lower in B10 than in the control group. These results suggest that BSF and MW can be used as FM substitutes. How-ever, considering feed conversion ratio and AST level, MW availability is thought to be lower than that of BSF, and feeding fish with a diet containing MW for an extended period is thought to adversely affect fish growth.
송상현(Song SangHyun) 한국중동학회 2016 韓國 中東 學會 論叢 Vol.37 No.1
렌티어 국가 이론(Rentier state theory)의 주요 주장은 렌티어리즘의 부정적인 영향으로 인하여 렌티어국가에서 민주주의 발전이 저해된다는 것이다. 일반적으로 세금효과(Taxation Effect), 정권에 우호적 집단 양산 효과(Group Formation Effect), 지출 효과(Spending Sffect)로 구성된 렌티어 효과(Rentier Effect)는 정권의 형태를 권위 주의적이고 비민주적으로 만든다고 알려져 왔다. 왜냐하면 사우디아라비아와 같은 렌티어 국가는 석유자원 수출로 얻은 막대한 자금을 정권에 반대하는 집단을 매수하고, 국민들의 충성을 얻으며, 정치적 참여를 요구할 가능성이 높은 시민사회의 형성을 방 해하는데 사용하기 때문이다. 렌티어 국가 이론에 따르면 전형적인 렌티어 국가의 경제구조를 보이는 사우디아라비아에서 국민들의 정치참여 요구와 함께 민주주의가 발전할 가능성은 매우 낮은 것으로 보인다. 하지만 이 논문은 렌티어 효과가 사우디아라비아에서 반드시 기대했던 결 과만을 가져오지 않았다는 것을 보여준다. 본 논문은 렌티어 경제구조에서 나타난 석 유자원의 부적절한 관리와 특정 집단에 대한 편애로 인하여 사우디아라비아 내에서 정 치적 침묵보다는 정치적 참여를 요구하는 새로운 사회집단의 출현이 있었음을 밝히고 있다. 즉 사우디아라비아가 정권안정을 위해 석유 렌트를 정치적으로 적극 활용했음 에도 불구하고 렌트의 분배 및 그 분배과정에서 나타나는 문제점들로 인하여 사우디아라비아 정부는 역사적으로 국민적 저항과 불만으로부터 자유롭지 못하였다.
Sea Clutter Covariance Matrix Estimation and Its Application to Whitening Filter
Sanghyun Choi,Hoongee Yang,Jimin Song,Hyeonmu Jeon,Jongmann Kim,Yongseek Chung 한국전자파학회JEES 2021 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.21 No.2
The accurate estimation of clutter covariance matrix (CCM) is essential in designing a radar detector/filter to suppress sea clutter. This estimation might not be easily accomplished because of the scarcity of valid training vectors adjacent to the range cell under test (CUT). We propose a new CCM estimation algorithm that is derived by modeling time-series clutter returns into a clutter Doppler spectrum in the frequency domain and exploiting mutual independence among spectral components. To justify its excellence over the conventional sample covariance matrix (SCM) algorithm, we design two filters—a maximum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR)-based filter and a whitening filter—that use the estimated CCMs and compare their performance in a numerically simulated sea clutter scenario. Comparisons are made by showing the eigenvector spectra of the estimated CCMs and the frequency responses and outputs of the filters. Moreover, SINRs at the target Doppler bin are examined and compared with a theoretical, analytically derived SINR.
Designing of Aircraft Warning Sounds for Better Flying Performance and Subjective Preferences
Sanghyun Lee,Cheolwoong Song,Eui S. Jung 대한인간공학회 2002 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
It is important for a warning system to be properly operated within the environment for which it is designed. However, a large percentage of auditory warning systems currently in operation fall short of optimal design criteria. Furthermore, methods for evaluating the effectiveness of auditory warning have traditionally focused most upon their audibility. Even though there are some guidelines to auditory warning design, user-centered approach, which should be evaluated by human performance measurements to the design and evaluation of auditory warnings, has been required seriously. Therefore, a standardized technique is essential for a development and evaluation of warning sounds being approved by human performance measurements. The main objective of the study was to make a set of guidelines by assessing pilot flying performance which were obtained from simulated flying, and subjective preferences which were rated by individual subject for fire warning sounds. Twenty-seven warning sounds that were generated by acoustics experts were used for the experiments as stimulus. And, acoustics parameters on warning sounds were frequency type, speed, and physical intensity. It was found that the altitude, airspeed, and heading performance were varied according to the warning sounds. Subjects also preferred specific levels of acoustic parameters such as low frequency area on frequency type, 0.33sec. or 0.25sec. on speed, and 85㏈ or 95㏈ on physical intensity as a warning sound.