http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
조병열,강형길,강효주,류갑민,이재영,박남규,허민도 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.1
1998년 9월 말경, 경남 지역의 양식 은어(Plecoglossus altivelis)에서 미포자충증이 발생하였다. 채집 당시, 하루 약 200마리씩의 폐사가 10일째 진행되고 있었으며 약 10%의 누적폐사율을 나타내었다. 병어는 입올림을 하거나 기면 상태에 있었으며, 대부분 체색흑화 및 복부팽만 소견을 보이고 있었다. 아가미, 아가미 뚜껑, 각종 내장, 복강벽 및 생식소에 직경 1~3㎜의 흰색 결절이 다수 형성되어 있었다. 감염 어종, 기생충의 형태 및 xenoma 분포 장기의 다양성에 근거하여 Glugea plecoglossi에 의한 감염증으로 추정되었다. 병리조직학적 검사를 실시한 결과, 광범위한 장기에 걸쳐 xenoma를 형성하고 있었으나 xenoma 인접조직에 변성 변화는 없었다. 아가미 새변, 비장, 두신 및 체신의 조혈영역에 심한 울혈 소견이 인정되었고, 간장, 심근 및 신세뇨관 국소에는 응고 내지 액화괴사 소견이 확인되었다. 따라서, xenoma의 인접조직에 대한 물리화학적인 영향보다는 xenoma형성 장기 및 조직에 야기된 국소 순환장애가 은어의 폐사와 직접적인 관련을 갖는 것으로 사료되었다. On September in 1998, a microsporidian infection was recognized in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, farmed on Kyongnam province of South Korea. Cumulative mortality was around 10% in 10 days. Infected fish which were piping for air near the surface of the water or in the asphyxic, lethargic condition revealed darkening of body and abdominal distention. Numerous whitish nodules up to 3㎜ in size were observed throughout most of body organs and tissues including gill, operculum, peritoneal wall and organs. Xenomas were also histologically confirmed in multiple internal organs with the evidences suggesting circulatory disturbance. Based on the morphology of spore and xenoma, and the distribution of xenomas in organs and tissues, this disease was diagnosed to be a microsporidiosis caused by Glugea plecoglossi. The mortality might be deeply related to the local circulatory disturbance by xemonas rather than the mechano-chemical effect of xenomas on adjacent tissues.
확률적 건설공사 비용분석에 의한 위험도 평가방법의 이론적 연구
전재열,조재호 단국대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.35 No.-
The paper considers two non-deterministic methods of analysing the risk exposure in a cost estimate. The fist method(referred to as the 'conventional ststistical' method) analyses cost data directly, to describe a probability distribution for total cost. The second method(reffered to as the 'Monte Calo simulation' method) interprets cost data directly, to generate a probability distribution for total costs from the descriptions of elemental cost distribution. The common practice of allowing for risk through an all-embracing contingency sum or percentage addition is challenged. Rather than excluding conventional, nondeterministic methods, they are here presented as possibly the only effective foundation on which to risk management in cost estimating.
건축공사시방서에서의 KS규격의 국제인증방안에 관한 연구
김경식,이재섭,김용수,이규진,조용훈,최완철,전재열,이현수,구재동,이기환 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1
The purpose of this research is make out construction specifications for International Construction. Using off-shore products incur cost increase and longer delivery term of construction. and inconvenient on International Construction. Expand the range of additional local products conforming to performance. Life Cycle Cost. maintainability. operability. user's acceptability, etc.. And this study is suggest the standard formats and the techniques for construction specification.
Eudesmin Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-$\alpha$ Production and T cell Proliferation
Cho, Jae-Youl,Yoo, Eun-Sook,Baik, Kyoung-Up,Park, Myung-Hwan The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1999 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.22 No.4
Possible antiinflammatory effect of eudesmin were examined by assessing the effects on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ production and lymphocyte proliferation as well as cytotoxicity against murine and human macrophages. the compound significantly inhibited TNF-$\alpha$, production by lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage RAW264.7 without displaying cytotoxicity suggesting that eudesmin may inhibit TNF-$\alpha$ production without any interference of normal cell function. It also significantly attenuated T cell proliferation stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A) in a dose-dependent manner.
Application of OLAP Information Model to Parametric Cost Estimate and BIM
Cho, Jae Ho,Son, Bo Sik,Chun, Jae Youl Architectural Institute of Japan 2011 JOURNAL OF ASIAN ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENGINEE Vol.10 No.2
<P>The purpose of this study is to develop a parametric cost estimating model for the early design stage using the OLAP (On-line Analytical Processing; Multi-dimensional Query System) based on quantity case data related to architectural design features. The OLAP system defines architectural design features as parameters that are factors for change in volume of quantity, and these can be used to query quantity information. The parametric estimating model can also evaluate the cost for various alternative designs by utilizing design features as the parameters. The parametric cost model is very highly accurate compared to existing cost estimation methods. The cost estimating process suggested in this study is divided into two stages. The first process involves measuring major quantities based on the design information level. The second process predicts minor quantities that can be used by the OLAP system. In the design development stage, the major quantity items are concrete and forms. The minor quantity items include the ratio of steel (rebar) that must be predicted. In this case study, the steel (rebar) ratio is predicted using the OLAP system in the design development stage.</P>
Cho, Jae-Youl,Kim, Sung-Soo,Kwon, Myung-Hee,Kim, Seong-Hwan,Lee, Hyang-Woo,Hong, Sung-Youl The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.2
The functional role of protein carboxylmethylation (PCM) has not yet been clearly elucidated in the tissue level. The biochemical feature of PCM in porcine spleen was therefore studied by investigating the methyl accepting capacity (MAC) of natural endogenous substrate proteins for protein carboxyl O-methyltransferase (PCMT) in various conditions. Strong acidic and alkaline-conditioned (at pH 11.0) analyses of the MAC indicated that approximately 65% of total protein methylation seemed to be mediated by spleen PCMT. The hydrolytic kinetics of the PCM products, such as carboxylmethylesters (CMEs), under mild alkaline conditions revealed that there may be three different kinds of CMEs [displaying half-times (T$_{1}$2/) of 1.1 min (82.7% of total CMEs), 13.9 min (4.6%), and 478.0 min (12.7%)], assuming that the majority of CME is base-labile and may be catalyzed by class I PCMT. In agreement with these results, several natural endogenous substrate proteins (14, 31 and 86 kDa) were identified strikingly by acidic-conditioned electrophoresis, and their MAC was lost upon alkaline conditions. On the other hand, other proteins (23 and 62 kDa) weakly appeared under alkaline conditions, indicating that PCM mediated by class II or III PCMT may be a minor reaction. The MAC of an isolated endogenous substrate protein (23-kDa) was also detected upon acidic-conditioned electrophoresis. Therefore, our date suggest that most spleen PCM may be catalyzed by class I PCMT, which participates in repairing aged proteins.
Jae Youl Cho 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.1
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitory activity are commonly used in various inflammatory diseases. In this study, to examine the immunomodulatory effects of well known NSAIDs at clinically available doses, macrophage- and T cellmediated immune responses such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α release and nitric oxide (NO) production, cell-cell adhesion, phagocytic uptake and lymphocyte proliferation were investigated. NSAIDs tested significantly enhanced TNF-α release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- activated RAW264.7 cells at certain concentrations (fenoprofen, indomethacine, piroxicam, aceclofenac, diclofenac and sulindac) or in a dose-dependent manner (aspirin and phenylbutazone). Of NSAIDs, phenylbutazone and aspirin most potently attenuated NO production, although sulindac was the only compound with cytoprotective activity against LPS-induced cytotoxicity. Most NSAIDs used displayed weak or no modulatory effects on phagocytic uptake and CD29- or CD43-mediated cell-cell adhesion. Interestingly, however, phenylbutazone itself triggered cell-cell clustering under normal culture conditions and enhanced the phagocytic activity. Aspirin and phenylbutazone also dose-dependently attenuated CD4+ T cell proliferation stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A) and CD8+ CTLL-2 cell proliferation induced by interleukin (IL)- 2. Sulindac only blocked CTLL-2 cell proliferation. These results suggest that NSAIDs may differentially exert immunomodulatory effects on activated macrophages and lymphocytes, and some of the effects may enforce NSAID’s therapeutic effect against inflammatory symptoms.