農業系 高等學校 營農實習 指導 改善에 관한 小考

白福淳 건국대학교 1982 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

In the curriculum of agricultural education, ; The farming practices are very important. So, the substantialization of the farming practices will indeed be the improvement of agricultural education, and moreover the development of agriculture itself. For the substantialization of the farming practices, this study suggests as follows; 1.The program of farming practices should be planned in association with teacher and students 2.Cooperation between agricultural education and agroindustry must be firmed in the practical matters. 3.Over-physical practices must be improved appropriately. And the number of the practice class must be adjusted within 30~40 students. 4.The teacher's side businesses must be lessened. 5.Following·up guidances for the graduates must be concentrated by systematic support. 6.The organization of FFK (Future Farmers in Korea) must be made practical application to the farming exercises.

항균제 사용에 대한 감염내과의사의 의견에 대한 담당의사의 순응도와 단기효과

김백남,진규복,홍윤석 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

crobial utilization density로 환산하여 분기별로 비교하였다. 결과 : 부적절한 처방사례는 전체의 85.6%이었으며, 치료적 사용인 경우 73.7%가 부적절하였으며, 예방적 사용인 경우는 모두 부적절하였다. 감염내과의사의 의견에 대한 담당의사의 순응도는 46.5%이었으며, 외과계에 비해 내과계 지료과에서(64.2% vs. 43.1%, P=0.005), 예방적 사용에 비해 치료적 사용인 경우(54.7% vs. 36.5%, P=0.001) 순응도가 높았다. Aminoglycoside계열 향균제는 2002년 1사분기 때 269.1 AUD에서 2003년 2사분기 때 171.8 AUD로, antipseudomonal cephalosporin계열 항균제는 112.1 AUD에서 64.5 AUD로 감소하였으며, 입원환자 전체에서 정주용 항균제의 사용은 2002년 1사분기 때 770.8 AUD에서 2003년 2사분기 때는 626.8 AUD로 감소하였다(모두, P<0.01). 결론 : 순응도가 비교적 낮은데도 이와 같은 방법으로 항균제 사용량의 감소가 관찰되었지만, 적절한 항균제 사용을 유도하기 위해서는 더 효과적이고 효율적인 항균제 관리 체제의 개발과 수용이 필요하다. Background : Many strategies have been developed to guide more appropriate and cost-effective antibiotic use in hospitals. This study was done to evaluate compliance and short-term impact of targeted antibiotic advisory consult implemented in our hospital since October 2002. Materials and methods : A total of 339 prescriptions in 187 patients were retrospectively reviewed and antimicrobial utilization density was compared quarterly from January 2002 through June 2003. Results : Overall, 85.6% of prescriptions were inappropriate, with 73.7% being inappropriate for therapeutic regimens and 100% for prophylactic regimens. Overall compliance was 46.5%. The compliance was higher in the medical services than in the surgical services (64.2% vs. 43.1%, P=0.005) and for therapeutic use than for prophylactic use (54.7% vs. 36.5%, P=0.001). From 1Q 2002 to 2Q 2003, use of aminoglycosides was reduced from 269.1 AUD to 171.8 AUD, and that for antipseudomonal cephalosporins from 112.1 AUD to 64.5 AUD (both, P<0.01). Overall, inpatient use of parenteral antibiotics was decreased from 770.8 AUD to 626.8 AUD (P<0.01). Conclusion : Targeted antibiotic advisory consult resulted in substantial reduction in antibiotic use despite relatively poor compliance. This type of antibiotic control program can be an alternative for hospitals with limited human resources trying to implement an antibiotic policy.

蒼附導痰丸이 白鼠의 排卵에 미치는 影響

강복환,박종문,박경미,조한백,엄주오,유심근 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

Changbudodamhwan(CBH) is used in female infertility caused by ovulation disorder. An attempt was made to evaluate the influences of CBH on the serum concentrations of FSH, LH, estradiol(E_(2)) and progesterone, the histological and optical changes of ovary, ovary weight of rats. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Blood FSH level increased experimental group as compared with control group, which showed no efficacy. 2. Blood LH level increased in experimental group as compared with control group, which showed no efficacy. 3. Blood E_(2) level increased in experimental group as compared with control group, which showed no efficacy. 4. Blood progesterone level increased in experimental group as compared with control group, which showed no efficacy. 5. In optically observations of ovary, weight of ovary increased in experimental group as compared with control group, which showed no efficacy. 6. In histological observations of ovary, ovulation increased in experimental group as compared control group, which showed efficacy. According to these results, CBH influence on the ovulation and ovary of rats.

^(7)Li, ^(87)Rb과 ^(27)Al NMR을 이용한 (K_(1-x)Li_(x))_(2)SnCl_(6), (K_(1-x)Rb_(x))_(2)SnCl_(6)와 K_(2)SnCl_(6):Al^(3+)의 상전이 근처에서의 결정 동력학 연구

김복수,김영훈,강재필,백아영,차유정,김민경,서용문,송승기 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 자연과학논문집 Vol.23 No.-

K_(2)SnCl_(6)는 antifluoride계에 속하는 결정으로서 K_(2)SnCl_(6)에 Li^(+)를 첨가하여 ^(7)Li 핵자기공명(NMR)을 측정하여 동형(isomorphic) 혼합결정(K_(1-x)Rb_(x))_(2)SnCl_(6)와 비동형(nonisomorphic) 혼합결정 K_(2)SnCl_(6):Al^(3+)에서의 핵자기공명(NMR), ^(87)Rb NMR과 ^(27)Al NMR의 측정값과 비교하였다. Rb^(+) 이온은 K_(2)SnCl_(6)의 K^(+)이온을 대신해 동형 결정을 이루며, Al^(3+)이온은 Sn^(4+)이온을 대치하면서 비동형 결정을 이루는데 Li^(+)이온 또한 K^(+)이온을 대신하는 동형 혼합결정과 유사한 결과 값을 얻을 수 있었다. 이 연구 결과는 종래의 Cl-NQR 연구 결과와 비교함으로서 K_(2)SnCl_(6)의 동력학적 특성과 구조 상전이 근처에서의 임계현상을 새로운 관점에서 볼 수 있는 가능성을 보여주었다. ^(7)Li, ^(87)Rb and ^(27)Al NMR have been investigated in the isomorphic and nonisomorphic impurity doped crystals (K_(1-x)Li_(x))_(2)SnCl_(6), (K_(1-x)Rb_(x))_(2)SnCl_(6) and K_(2)SnCl_(6):Al^(3+) as a supplementary to the previous Cl NQR studies in these crystals. The results yielded that the features of NMR spectra for both types of crystals are roughly in line with the systematic trends shown in the Cl NQR in these crystals, though the outstanding characteristics exhibited in the Cl NQR become in the case of the NMR of the doped impurities in crystals somewhat weakend. This is due to the degradation of the role of the local field from the main hamiltonian in NQR to the subsidiary in NMR. Each NMR result of the iso/nonisomorphic crystals has been analyzed in terms of the 'impurity induced dynamic lattice defects' for K_(2)SnCl_(6):Al^(3+) and the 'static primary impurity effects' for (K_(1-x)Rb_(x))_(2)SnCl_(6) and (K_(1-x)Li_(x))_(2)SnCl_(6) respectlvely.

Single-Stage Buck-Derived LED Driver With Improved Efficiency and Power Factor Using Current Path Control Switches

Baek, Jong-Bok,Chae, Suyong Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol.64 No.10

<P>This paper proposes a single-stage lightemitting diode (LED) driver based on an inverted buck topology, using current path control switches. The proposed circuit consists of a control circuit, a bridge diode, and an inverted buck converter with multiple switches connected to the LED segments in parallel. Whereas the typical buck LED driver operates with a fixed LED forward voltage, the proposed driver operates with a variable LED forward voltage, according to the input voltage level. Because of this capability to adjust the LED forward voltage, it can reduce the current ripple and the switching frequency with a small inductance value. In addition, it enables operation with LED lamps of a wide voltage range, while simultaneously achieving small dead-angles. The detailed operation principles are described, and the design considerations for the proposed driver are discussed. The proposed driver circuit and control operation are verified experimentally using a 7 W hardware prototype with four LED segments. The obtained experimental results show that under a 110 Vrms input voltage, the proposed driver achieves a power factor of 0.94 with a small dead-angle and an efficiency of 94%.</P>

The SMOKE Modeling System and its Extensive Applications

Bok H. Baek,Adel Hanna,Marc Houyoux,Jung-Hun Woo 한국대기환경학회 2009 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10월

Differential recruitment of mechanisms for myogenic responses according to luminal pressure and arterial types

Baek, Eun Bok,Jin, Chunzi,Park, Su Jung,Park, Kyung Sun,Yoo, Hae Young,Jeon, Ju Hong,Earm, Yung E.,Kim, Sung Joon Springer-Verlag 2010 Pfl ugers Arch Vol.460 No.1

Size and Surface Modification Effects on the pH Response of Si Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors

Baek, In-Bok,Li, Xianhong,Lee, Seongjae,Ah, Chil Seong,Yang, Jong-Heon,Park, Chan Woo,Kim, Tae-Youb,Sung, Gun Yong American Scientific Publishers 2012 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.12 No.7

<P>We investigated the effects of Si nanowire (SiNW) dimensions and their surface modifications on the pH-dependent electronic transport characteristics of SiNW Electrolyte-insulator-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (EISFETs). The threshold voltages, Vth's, of all devices were extracted from the Id-Vg characteristics with Vg applied to the reference electrode immersed in different pH solutions, and their pH-dependences were analyzed for various devices. We found that our devices produce the systematic pH-dependence of Vth with respect to the SiNW's length and show significant changes in a linear pH region and a pH sensitivity upon the Si surface modifications. Particularly in the case of the APTES-treated surface, the linear variation was observed in the wide region of pH = 2 to approximately 11 with the sensitivity of 54.7 +/- 0.6 mV/pH. Also we compared our data to a theoretical result based on the Gouy-Chapmam-Stern-Graham model and found a reasonable agreement between them.</P>

High Efficiency Alternating Current Driver for Capacitive Loads Using a Current-Balance Transformer

Baek, Jong-Bok,Cho, Bo-Hyung,Park, Joung-Hu The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.1

This paper proposes a new alternating current driving method for highly capacitive loads such as plasma display panels or piezoelectric actuators, etc. In the proposed scheme, a current balance transformer, which has two windings with the same turn-ratio, provides not only a resonance inductance for energy recovery but also a current balance among all of the switching devices of the driver for current stress reduction. The smaller conduction loss than conventional circuits occurs due to the dual conduction paths which are parallel each other in the current balance transformer. Also, the leakage inductances of the transformer are utilized as resonant inductors for energy recovery by the series resonance to the capacitive load. Furthermore, the resonance contributes to the small switching losses of the switching devices by soft-switching operation. To confirm the validity of the proposed circuit, prototype hardware with a 12-inch mercury-free flat fluorescent lamp is implemented. The experimental results are compared with a conventional energy-recovery circuit from the perspective of luminance performances.

Inhibition of Arterial Myogenic Responses by a Mixed Aqueous Extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Panax Notoginseng (PASEL) Showing Antihypertensive Effects

Baek, Eun-Bok,Yoo, Hae-Young,Park, Su-Jung,Chung, Young-Shin,Hong, Eun-Kyung,Kim, Sung-Joon The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.4

The dried roots of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) and Sanchi (Panax notoginseng) have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation as well as various other bodily functions. Here we investigated the effects of a mixture of aqueous extracts of Danshen and Sanchi, named PASEL, on blood pressure and vascular contractility in rats. Orally administered PASEL (62.5 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg, for 5 weeks) lowered the blood pressure of spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) but this was not observed in normal Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKR). We then investigated the effects of PASEL on the arterial contraction of the small branches of cerebral arteries (CAs) and large conduit femoral arteries (FAs) in rats. PASEL did not affect high-K (KCI 60 mM)- or phenyleprine (PhE)-induced contracture of FAs. The myogenic response, a reactive arterial constriction in response to increased luminal pressure, of small CA was dose-dependently suppressed by PASEL in SHR as well as control rats. Interestingly, the KCI-induced contraction of small CAs was slowly reversed by PASEL, and this effect was more prominent in SHR than control WKR. PASEL did not inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity. These results demonstrated that the antihypertensive effect of PASEL might be primarily mediated by altering the arterial MR, not by direct inhibition of L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels or by ACE inhibition.