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Ha, You-Jung,Han, Dong Woo,Kim, Ji Hyoun,Chung, Sang Wan,Kang, Eun Ha,Song, Yeong Wook,Lee, Yun Jong Hindawi 2018 Disease markers Vol.2018 No.-
<P>Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) are molecules which regulate immune responses as well as bone remodeling process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of Sema3A and Sema4D and to investigate their clinical significance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The serum levels of Sema3A and Sema4D were measured in 130 patients with RA and 65 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals. Circulating levels of biomarkers of RA-related inflammation and bone turnover such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) <I>α</I>, interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-22, IL-34, osteopontin, Dkk-1, and sclerostin were also measured. Disease activity was determined by the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28), and radiographic joint damage was assessed by the modified Sharp van der Heijde score (SHS). The serum levels of Sema3A were significantly higher in patients with RA than those in healthy controls (<I>p</I> < 0.001), whereas serum4D levels did not differ between the two groups. The levels of Sema4D showed a positive correlation with C-reactive protein (<I>p</I> = 0.001) and IL-6 (<I>p</I> < 0.001) levels, whereas the levels of Sema3A showed a negative correlation with Dkk-1 (<I>p</I> = 0.007) and TNF-<I>α</I> (<I>p</I> = 0.001). Even though Sema3A and Sema4D levels were comparable between RA patients with DAS28> 3.2 and with DAS28 ≤ 3.2, RA patients with radiographic progression (ΔSHS change/year ≥ 1) had significantly higher baseline levels of Sema4D than those without progression (<I>p</I> = 0.029). Additionally, when RA patients were divided into 3 groups using tertiles of Sema4D levels, the percentage of progressors was significantly increased (<I>p</I> = 0.045). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum Sema4D levels were an independent risk factor for radiographic progression. Our results suggest that the baseline levels of Sema4D might be a useful marker to identify RA patients with subsequent radiographic progression and that Sema4D may be an active mediator involved in RA-induced joint damage.</P>
Eun-Ha Kim,Soo-Yun Park,So-Ra Jin,Sang-Gu Lee,Hyoun-Min Park,Oh-Suk Yu,Yun-Young Kang,Min-Ho Lee,Tae-Hun Ryu,Young-Soo Chung,Seon-Woo Oh 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
Untargeted metabolomics approaches offer advantages to characterize substantial equivalence among transgenic and nontransgenic crops. To investigate the substantial equivalence of PfFAD3-1 transgenic soybean lines expressing omega-3 fatty acid desaturase 3-1 gene (FAD3-1) of Physaria, profiles of hydrophillic metabolites were obtained using a GC-TOFMS in the three PfFAD3-1 lines and nontransgenic conventional varieties cultivated at Jeonju and Gunwi in 2020. In total, 40 metabolites were identified including organic acids, amino acid, and sugars. The level of ferulic acid was significantly higher in each PfFAD3-1 line compared to its direct counterpart, and the ferulic acid means of PfFAD3-1 lines were not presented in the range of reference lines. The principal components analysis showed a clear separation in the metabolite profiling between cultivation locations, indicating that the metabolic compositions in Soybean seeds could be more altered by environment rather than by genotype alone. It was suggested to include more reference varieties and cultivation years to assess the altered change in the levels of ferulic acid in PfFAD3-1 lines in relation to natural variation.
Kim, Hyoun Sook,Hahn, Hyunggu,Kim, Jieun,Jang, Dong Man,Lee, Ji Yeon,Back, Jang Mi,Im, Ha Na,Kim, Haelee,Han, Byung Woo,Suh, Se Won Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.119 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Vancomycin resistance in <I>Enterococci</I> and its transfer to methicillin-resistant <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> are challenging problems in health care institutions worldwide. High-level vancomycin resistance is conferred by acquiring either transposable elements of the <I>VanA</I> or <I>VanB</I> type. <I>Enterococcus faecalis</I> VanY<SUB>B</SUB> in the <I>VanB</I>-type operon is a <SMALL>D</SMALL>,<SMALL>D</SMALL>-carboxypeptidase that recognizes the peptidyl-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala<SUP>4</SUP>-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala<SUP>5</SUP> extremity of peptidoglycan and hydrolyses the terminal <SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala on the extracellular side of the cell wall, thereby increasing the level of glycopeptide antibiotics resistance. However, at the molecular level, it remains unclear how VanY<SUB>B</SUB> manipulates peptidoglycan peptides for vancomycin resistance. In this study, we have determined the crystal structures of <I>E. faecalis</I> VanY<SUB>B</SUB> in the <SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala-bound, <SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala-bound, and -unbound states. The interactions between VanY<SUB>B</SUB> and <SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-Ala observed in the crystal provide the molecular basis for the recognition of peptidoglycan substrates by VanY<SUB>B</SUB>. Moreover, comparisons with the related VanX and VanXY enzymes reveal distinct structural features of <I>E. faecalis</I> VanY<SUB>B</SUB> around the active-site cleft, thus shedding light on its unique substrate specificity. Our results could serve as the foundation for unravelling the molecular mechanism of vancomycin resistance and for developing novel antibiotics against the vancomycin-resistant <I>Enterococcus</I> species.</P>
동충하초 투여가 최대하 운동 시 지방연소에 미치는 영향
김철우,이용수,이상현,이상호,하민수,윤영조,이재일 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4
The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation during submaximal exercise. Fifteen healthy male collegiate students(ingestion group, N=7; control group, N=8) participated as subjects after signing an informed consent following overnight, subjects completed maximal graded execise test on treadmill to determine exercise intensity(50%VO2max). To evaluate the fat oxidation using indirect calorimeter, it was performed submaximal treadmill to determine exercise lasting. 40min at 50%VO2max after 5day and consumed Cordyceps militaris on separate days. This study was used 2×4 two way repeated ANOVA to analyze physiological and metabolic variables between two groups and metabolic variables between two groups and four exercise periods(l0min, 20min, 30min 40min), and used Scheffe to post-hoc test. Significance was set at α=.05. The results of this study were as followed: First, there were significantly highest in ingestion group for V02, percentage of fat oxidetion(%fat), fat per kilocarolies(Fkcal), and total per kilocarolies(Tkcal)(p<.05), but respiratory exchange ration(RER) and heart rete(HR) were significantly lower in ingestion group(p<.05). Second, RER, %fat, Fkcal were significantly difference in 10, 20, 30, 40min of exercise period(p<.05). This results suggest that there is the effect of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation submaximal exercise. Additionally, to evaluate effect of Cordyceps militaris as ergogenic aid, it should be required the future study that included extend subjects, various dosage, and chronic consumption.
Kim, Hyoun Sook,Kim, Jieun,Im, Ha Na,Yoon, Ji Young,An, Doo Ri,Yoon, Hye Jin,Kim, Jin Young,Min, Hye Kyeoung,Kim, Soon-Jong,Lee, Jae Young,Han, Byung Woo,Suh, Se Won International Union of Crystallography 2013 Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crys Vol.69 No.3
<▼1><P>The crystal structure of <I>M. tuberculosis</I><SMALL>L</SMALL>,<SMALL>D</SMALL>-transpeptidase (Ldt<SUB>Mt2</SUB>; Rv2518c) has been determined in both ligand-free and meropenem-bound forms. The detailed view of the interactions between meropenem and Ldt<SUB>Mt2</SUB> will be useful in structure-guided discovery of new antituberculosis drugs.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Difficulty in the treatment of tuberculosis and growing drug resistance in <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> (<I>Mtb</I>) are a global health issue. Carbapenems inactivate <SMALL>L</SMALL>,<SMALL>D</SMALL>-transpeptidases; meropenem, when administered with clavulanate, showed <I>in vivo</I> activity against extensively drug-resistant <I>Mtb</I> strains. Ldt<SUB>Mt2</SUB> (Rv2518c), one of two functional <SMALL>L</SMALL>,<SMALL>D</SMALL>-transpeptidases in <I>Mtb</I>, is predominantly expressed over Ldt<SUB>Mt1</SUB> (Rv0116c). Here, the crystal structure of N-terminally truncated Ldt<SUB>Mt2</SUB> (residues Leu131–Ala408) is reported in both ligand-free and meropenem-bound forms. The structure of meropenem-inhibited Ldt<SUB>Mt2</SUB> provides a detailed structural view of the interactions between a carbapenem drug and <I>Mtb</I><SMALL>L</SMALL>,<SMALL>D</SMALL>-transpeptidase. The structures revealed that the catalytic <SMALL>L</SMALL>,<SMALL>D</SMALL>-transpeptidase domain of Ldt<SUB>Mt2</SUB> is preceded by a bacterial immunogloblin-like Big_5 domain and is followed by an extended C-terminal tail that interacts with both domains. Furthermore, it is shown using mass analyses that meropenem acts as a suicide inhibitor of Ldt<SUB>Mt2</SUB>. Upon acylation of the catalytic Cys354 by meropenem, the ‘active-site lid’ undergoes a large conformational change to partially cover the active site so that the bound meropenem is accessible to the bulk solvent <I>via</I> three narrow paths. This work will facilitate structure-guided discovery of <SMALL>L</SMALL>,<SMALL>D</SMALL>-transpeptidase inhibitors as novel antituberculosis drugs against drug-resistant <I>Mtb</I>.</P></▼2>