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최종규 서울시립대학교 서울학연구소 2012 서울학연구 Vol.- No.47
Seoul Hanyang(漢陽) capital fortress has been constructed during after the Joseon Dynasty was founded and the capital city was built up Hanyang. There were many kinds of establishing facilities such as Royal Ancestral Shrine called JongMyo(宗廟), Sajik(社稷) Altar and palaces at that time, and with that massive amount of people were mobilized to make progress. At first, Hanyang(漢陽) capital fortress was constructed as stone and earthen ramparts with 118,000 people during 49 days on the fifth year of the King TaeJo(太祖, 1396). When the fourth year of the King SeaJong(世宗, 1422), the fortress was built as a stone and rampart. However after a time has passed and Japanese Invasion(壬辰倭亂) many parts of the fortress were swept. Since then the fortress was re-built the thirty-first year of the King SukJong(肅宗, 1705) afterward the restoration work and administration has been under way for years during YoungJo(英祖), JungJo(正祖), SoonJo(純祖) and GoJong(高宗) era. For this reason, the fortress was consist of many different period construction section currently. Therefore, this study is mainly based on the topic that time-periodic form and structure changes of Seoul Hanyang(漢陽) capital fortress. In this study, form and structure of the fortress wall was classified as time-periodical way such as first founding wall was found during the King TeaJo era, the whole stone wall was made during the King SeaJong time, reconstructed wall after Japanese Invasion was formed during the King SukJong era and finally the completion of fortress wall’s form and structure was established during SoonJo(純祖) period.
최종규,김영애,송창영,김용수 대한건축학회지회연합회 2007 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.9 No.4
Different from governmental/government-financed construction projects, private construction projects in North Korea are placed in a complex and specific circumstance, thus being involved with a lot of risks. In this vein, it is necessary to take measures to manage such risk factors, but not many private construction projects in North Korea have been carried out so far and data and preceding studies on its risk management plans could be hardly found. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the risks of private construction projects in North Korea and suggest some risk management plans through some examples. For this, the investigator interviewed with people who were working for constructors and their collaborators, and used data on the training of government officials. Study findings are as follows: 1)from planning to completion, risk factors of construction projects in North Korea were analyzed and measures were presented, centering on the approval of construction, shipping of materials, visiting procedures, stays, on-site construction, and safety supervision. 2) since the risk factors of private construction projects in North Korea are quite different from those of general construction projects, it is necessary to talk over a contract with the said party in North Korea fully in advance. 3) since the construction projects in North Korea are carried out in a specific site with which regular contacts are impossible, thorough advanced preparation is a must in order not to face the risks of cost and time.
$\beta$-시클로덱스트린($\beta$-Cyclodextrin)의 결합 특성과 벤젠의 생물학적 분해에의 적용에 대한 연구
최종규,손현석,조경덕 한국환경보건학회 2002 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.28 No.5
Recently, surfactants were frequently used in order to desorb the hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) from soil and to enhance the bioavailability. Among them, -cyclodextrin ($\beta$-CD) is one of those. This study was performed to investigate the binding characteristics between benzene and $\beta$-CD and to examine the bioavailability of benzene. First, we investigated binding characteristics between benzene and $\beta$-CD in water and water/soil system. Then, we examined the effect of $\beta$-CD on the biodegradation of benzene in water and water/soil system. Experimental results on the binding characteristics showed that $\beta$-CD resulted in an efficient complex formation with benzene. As -CD concentration increased, the benzene concentration complexed with $\beta$-CD rapidly increased to 30-40% initial benzene added, and reached the equilibrium. We also investigated the effect of $\beta$-CD on the desorption of benzene from soil in the water/soil system. As $\beta$-CD concentration increased, benzene concentration desorbed into water increased up to 90%. How-ever, in its application to biodegradation of benzene in water and water/soil system, the biodegradation rate of benzene did not improved in the presence of $\beta$-CD compared with in the absense of $\beta$-CD. This result indicated that $\beta$-CD was more preferentially used as a carbon source than benzene. Therefore, for remediation of benzene contaminated soils, $\beta$-CD can be used as a surfactant to desert benzene from soil, and then ex-situ chemical treatment can be applied for the remediation.