韓國 民間投資에 대한 財政政策의 效果分析

조강래 부산대학교 1992 국내석사

사회책임투자펀드의 투자성과에 관한 연구

조강래 가톨릭대학교 대학원 2009 국내박사

최근 경영 페러다임은 환경경영, 사회적 책임, 지배구조를 아우르는 사회책임투자에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있으며, 투자의사결정에 있어서도 이러한 요소들이 기업을 평가하고, 투자지표로 활용하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 사회책임투자를 실행하고 있는 기업들로 구성된 펀드를 사회책임투자펀드라 하며, 선진국에서는 공공이익 지향과 투자수익을 동시에 추구하며 전체 펀드의 12%에 이르는 약3조 달러의 펀드가 설정되어 있다. 우리나라는 2005년 처음 도입되어 2008년 2월 현재 4,200억원의 사회책임투자펀드가 설정되어 있으나, 선진국과 비교하여 투자기법과 학문적 연구가 미미한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사회책임투자펀드 측면에서 환경경영, 사회적 책임, 지배구조의 이론적 개념을 정리하고 사회책임투자펀드에 대한 투자성과를 실증분석 해보고자 하였다. 실증분석은 K자산운용사에서 설정하여 운용하고 있는 사회책임투자펀드가 시장투자수익률 지표인 종합주가지수와 비교하여 초과수익률이 존재하는지와 전통적펀드인 성장형펀드, 배당형펀드와 비교하여 수익성과 위험을 비교분석해 보았다. 실증분석 모형은 자본자산가격결정모형(CAPM)인 Sharpe 모형, Treynor모형, Jensen모형을 이용하였다. 실증분석결과 사회책임투자펀드는 분석기간 동안(5년) 약 24.3%의 누적 초과수익률이 존재하여 사회책임투자기업의 성과가 우수하다는 이론적 타당성이 검증되었다. 전통적 펀드와 투자성과 비교에서도 사회책임투자펀드가 성장형펀드와 배당형펀드보다 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기업이 사회책임투자 비용지출로 인한 영업수익 감소가 있었음에도 고객 및 이해관계자들로부터 긍정적 효과를 유발하여 매출향상으로 이어지는 선순환구조가 기업가치 향상에 기여하는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 사회책임투자펀드 편입 종목에 대한 스크린과정이 우수한 것으로 나타났고, 편입종목 분석결과 사회책임투자기업들이 양호한 배당구조와 성장성을 동시에 갖고 있어 모든 펀드에 중복되어 편입되었음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 자료의 한계성은 일부 존재하였으나 사회책임투자펀드의 투자성과 실증분석을 처음으로 시도했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 또한 사회책임투자펀드 측면에서 환경경영, 사회적 책임, 지배구조의 개념을 통합 정리하여 학문적으로 발전할 수 있는 토대와 연구분야를 확대할 수 있는 계기를 마련하였다. 실무적으로는 기업의 사회책임투자를 통한 사회공헌 활동이 궁극적으로 기업가치를 향상시키고 증권시장에서 긍정적 평가가 이루어지고 있음을 입증하여 사회책임투자활동을 활성화하는 계기가 될 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 시도한 사회책임투자펀드 성과에 대한 실증분석은 학문적 고찰에 의의가 있으며, 향후 우리나라의 사회책임투자펀드산업이 활성화되면 축적된 자료를 바탕으로 다양한 투자성과 기법들이 연구되어야 할 것이다. In the recent management paradigm, the interests has been emerging in, so-called, the socially responsible investments ("SRI", hereinafter) which comprise the environmental management, social responsibility together with the governing structure. Also the cases of utilizing these factors as company evaluation tools and investment indicators has been increasing. The funds invested in companies carrying out the SRI are called SRI(Socially Responsible Investment) funds and, in developed countries, the SRI funds are accounting for 12% of the total investment funds under management, being estimated to be U$3trillion. The SRI funds were introduced to Korea in 2005 for the first time and 420 billion Won of SRI funds have been set up until February, 2008. Yet, neither the sophistication in their investment methods nor the academic researches have been enough compared with those of developed countries. Therefore, in this study, I would like to define theoretical concepts of the environmental management, social responsibility and the governing structure from the SRI funds' point of view and perform empirical analysis on their investment performances. For the empirical analyses, I analysed the SRI fund managed by the 'K' asset management company to see if it has made excess returns over the KOSPI as a stock market index. Further, I also made comparative analyses in the SRI fund with other traditional style funds such as growth and dividend style funds to compare their risk and return characteristics. For these empirical analyses in this paper, the Sharp, Treynor and Jensen model under the CAPM Model were used. As a result of the empirical analyses, hypothetical theory has been verified that the SRI fund made the 24.3% accumulated excess returns over the KOSPI during the 5 years of observation period and further it significantly outperformed both growth funds and dividend funds. This result proves that there exists contributive effects in the companies' SRI activities to their equity valuations, by drawing positive reponses from their customers and interested parties, which would result in revenue growth. It has also been proved that the SRI funds has such an excellent process to screen investment universe. Also number of companies selected by the SRI fund were shared by most of other funds as well, since most of them had generous dividend policies and excellent growth potentials. There being a lack of data, this paper has a meaning that it performed empirical analyses on the SRI fund for the first time and it built up a foundation to develop and widen academic the studies on SRI funds by clarify the concepts of environmental management, social responsibilities and governance structure from investment funds' standpoints. Practically, this study is expected to help revitalize corporate SRI activities by showing them their social contributions will improve their own values and ultimately lead to better appraisals on their equity prices. The empirical analyses on the performance of SRI fund in this study is meaningful as an academic implication and as the SRI fund industry being vitalized in Korea, accumulated data will enable the fund industry to research on various methods to enhance investment performances.

복합운동의 운동중지에 따른 비만 중년여성의 건강관련체력, 비만지표, 혈중지질의 변화

조강래 창원대학교 2009 국내석사

This study set out to investigate the impacts of the continuance and resumption of combined exercise on the health-related fitness(muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and flexibility), obesity indices(BMI, body fat ratio, and WHR) and blood lipids(TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C) of middle-aged obese women for 12 weeks. The subjects were 20 middle-aged obese women those body fat ratio was 30% or more in an exercise class to combat obesity in C City. The training and detraining group consisted of ten each. Combined exercise was administered for 90 minutes per session over three weeks. The detraining group stopped exercising for four weeks. Tests were taken for health-related fitness, obesity indices, and blood lipids before the treatment and after Week 4, 8, and 12. The analysis results of data led to the following conclusions: 1. Changes to health-related fitness 1) The training group showed greater muscular strength after Week 8 than before the treatment and after Week 12 than Week 8. And the detraining group did after Week 12 than before the treatment and Week 8. 2) The training group showed greater muscular endurance after Week 8 than before the treatment and after Week 12 than Week 8. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. 3) The cardiorespiratory endurance of the training group was greater after Week 12 than before the treatment. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. 4) The flexibility of the training group was greater after Week 12 than before the treatment. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. 2. Changes to the obesity indices 1) The training group showed lower BMI after Week 8 than before the treatment and after Week 12 than Week 8. The detraining did after Week 4 and 12 than before the treatment. After Week 12, the former group recorded lower BMI than the latter group. 2) The training group showed lower body fat ratios after Week 8 than before the treatment and after Week 12 than Week 8. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. After Week 12, the former group showed lower body fat ratios than the latter group. 3) The training group showed lower WHR after Week 12 than before the treatment. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. 3. Changes to blood lipids 1) The training group showed lower TC after Week 8 than before the treatment and after Week 12 than Week 8. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. 2) The training group showed lower TG after Week 12 than before the treatment. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. 3) The training group showed greater HDL-C after Week 8 than before the treatment and after Week 12 than Week 8. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. 4) The training group showed lower LDL-C after Week 12 than before the treatment. The detraining group showed no difference among the measurements. In conclusion, one group of the middle-aged obese women continued combined exercise, and the other resumed it after temporary suspension. The results indicate that the continuance of combined exercise was effective in improving health-related fitness, obesity indices and blood lipids. But resumption of combined exercise after temporary suspension didn't cause clear changes to each of the factors. Considering that the program generated great effects in the latter period(after Week 8 and 12) in the training group, the four-week suspension of exercise must have had negative effects on the health-related fitness, obesity indices, and blood lipids of the detraining group, which showed no big differences among the measurements. In particular, no exercise effects after the resumption after Week 8 implies that four-week suspension must have offset the effects of the previous exercise. Thus exercise should be done in a regular and ongoing manner for at least 8 weeks and 12 weeks or more in order to generate positive effects. 본 연구는 12주간 비만중년여성을 대상으로 복합운동의 지속과 일시중지 후 재운동을 처치하여 건강관련체력(근력, 근지구력, 심폐지구력, 유연성), 비만지표(BMI, 체지방률, WHR), 혈중지질(TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C)에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구의 피험자는 C시의 비만 운동교실에 참여한 체지방률이 30% 이상인 비만중년여성 20명을 대상으로 지속운동집단 10명, 운동중지집단 10명으로 구성하였다. 운동은 주3회, 1회당 90분간 복합운동을 실시하였고, 운동중지집단은 연구기간 중 4주간의 운동중지를 처치하였다. 건강관련체력, 비만지표, 혈중지질에 대한 검사는 처치 전, 4주 후, 8주 후, 12주 후에 실시하였고, 검사자료를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 건강관련체력의 변화 1) 지속운동집단의 근력은 처치 전보다 8주 후에, 8주 후보다 12주 후에 더 높게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 처치 전과 8주 후보다 12주 후에 높게 나타났다. 2) 지속운동집단의 근지구력은 처치 전보다 8주 후에, 8주 후보다 12주 후에 더 높게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 3) 지속운동집단의 심폐지구력은 처치 전보다 12주 후에 높게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 4) 지속운동집단의 유연성은 처치 전보다 12주 후에 높게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 2. 비만지표의 변화 1) 지속운동집단의 BMI는 처치 전보다 8주 후에, 8주 후보다 12주 후에 더 낮게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 처치 전보다 4주 후와 12주 후에 낮게 나타났다. 12주 후에 지속운동집단이 운동중지집단 보다 낮게 나타났다. 2) 지속운동집단의 체지방률은 처치 전보다 8주 후에, 8주 후보다 12주 후에 더 낮게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 12주 후에 지속운동집단이 운동중지집단 보다 낮게 나타났다. 3) 지속운동집단의 WHR은 처치 전보다 12주 후에 낮게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 3. 혈중지질의 변화 1) 지속운동집단의 TC는 처치 전보다 8주 후에, 8주 후보다 12주 후에 더 낮게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 2) 지속운동집단의 TG는 처치 전보다 12주 후에 낮게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 3) 지속운동집단의 HDL-C는 처치 전보다 8주 후에, 8주 후보다 12주 후에 더 높게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 4) 지속운동집단의 LDL-C는 처치 전보다 12주 후에 낮게 나타났다. 운동중지집단은 측정시점간 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 비만중년여성을 대상으로 복합운동의 지속과 일시중지 후 재운동을 처치한 결과 복합운동의 지속적인 실시는 건강관련체력, 비만지표, 혈중지질의 개선에 효과적인 것으로 나타났고, 운동중지 후 재운동에서는 각 변인에 뚜렷한 변화를 주지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 지속운동집단에서 본 연구의 프로그램 후반부(8~12주 후)에서 운동 효과가 크게 나타난 것으로 볼 때, 측정시점별 별다른 차이를 보이지 못한 운동중지집단은 4주간의 운동중지가 건강관련체력, 비만지표, 혈중지질의 개선에 부정적으로 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 특히, 8주 후 재운동을 실시했음에도 불구하고 운동효과가 크게 나타나지 않은 것은 4주간의 운동중지가 선행 운동의 효과를 상쇄시키는데 기인 한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 운동을 통한 긍정적 효과를 기대하기 위해서는 최소 8주에서 12주 이상의 규칙적이고 지속적인 운동이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

고3학생들의 학업스트레스원(源)에 따른 학업스트레스 증상과 대처방식 : 일반계 고등학생 남녀 비교를 중심으로

조강래 경상대학교 교육대학원 2007 국내석사

Based on the research result, the conclusion of the research based on the comparison of male and female general high school students on academic stress symptoms of third year high school students according to academic stress reasons and counter measure is as follows. First, it turned out that male students received more parent and friend related academic stress than female students. There was no statistically significant difference by sex on teacher related academic stress. In overall, male students was shown to receive more academic stress than female students. Therefore, in order to make more use of the aptitude of male students who enjoy action and adventure novels than words or fairy tales, education environment need to be changed for example increase of club and special activities and parents need to share their expectation level of their children with their children. On the other hand, after measuring the physical, mental and behavioral stress symptoms, it was observed that there is no difference on academic stress symptoms by sex. Such result indicates an era for a new human type of a neutral image and that "male-like" and "female like" character inclined towards one image do not exist anymore. Secondly, after researching the level of academic stress according to academic stress reasons, it was found that friend related academic stress tend to be higher in students with higher grade and there was no difference in overall academic stress, parent related academic stress and teacher related academic stress according to academic grades. In addition, it was measured that there was no statistically significant difference on stress symptoms according to academic grades. Thirdly, as a result of examining the mutual relationship between academic stress reasons and stress symptoms, a higher relationship with the stress symptoms was shown in the order of teacher related, parent related and friend related in case of male students and in the order of parent related, friend related and parent related in case of female students. Therefore, it turned out that there is a high mutual relationship between academic stress reason (whole) and stress symptoms. Fourthly, on the counter measure on academic stress by sex, there were most males carry out the counter measure in together with another work and there were most females who take a passive counter measure. However, there was no big difference in the measure dealing with stress. After examining the difference in efficiency by stress counter measure, it was found that the measure was efficient in the order of carrying out in parallel, passive and active. Therefore, both male and female high school students used counter measures such as listen to music the most. Such counter measure can be used easily by everyone, does not require special effort or is not an unique counter measure developed by oneself. For students to cope with stress well, they need to compromise with themselves or others depending on the problem. Fifthly, it turned out that there is no relationship between stress counter measure and the whole academics stress reason, parent related, friend related and teacher related academic stress reason. In addition, it was also observed that there is no relationship between stress counter measure and total stress symptoms, physical, mental and behavioral stress symptoms. Accordingly, different from existing academic stress related researches, since it was carried out on 3rd year high school students by sex and academic grade, it is meaningful in the sense that it provides data on academic stress, stress symptom and stress counter measure in general high school.

교육 투자 우선지역 지원사업과 저소득층 자녀의 학력향상 방안 : 진주시 B 중학교를 중심으로

조강래 경상대학교 교육대학원 2009 국내석사

The first mission of social welfare expert position is helping to solve basic desire of humans and improving human welfare. The poor is the first target of social welfare. The purpose of social welfare is reducing the poverty and pain and improving human welfare. Now, the representative poor policy is national basic life security system. Its receivers want to overcome poverty by educating children. For the poor families' kids not to succeed poverty, more active effort is demanded. The education investment priority region support business is to provide the culture of the education equally to the young kids and students. Meanwhile, in Korea, the absolute poor were reduced. But, on the other hand, it deepened relative poverty. Many agricultural villagers formed poor people in the city. We need to actively support the low income class and it is becoming the main goal we must solve quickly. The educational protection of the poor must be reinforced for sure. The government of Kim Dae Joong supported education for free, supported the tuition fee and borrowed schooling expenses. Active and integrated education welfare policy is required. In developed country, 'local-centered' approach method is under performance. In Korea, 'educational investment priority region' is propelled by the model. This research attempts objective and reasonable index development for selection of educational investment priority region for poor class of the city. This study researches Jinju B middle school. First, the study attempts theoretical consideration of poverty and education welfare and introduce the cases of England and France about the education welfare policy for regions. Second, it sets the selection standard of prior regions of educational investment and it attempts to select regions based on this. Third, it considers the policy contents of the region in Korea.

ATP-조절성 K 통로 개방제에 의한 토끼 심근 세포 미토콘드리아의 기능적 특성 변화

조강래 부산대학교 2000 국내박사

정보보안 관리자의 특성이정보보안 효과성에 미치는 영향

조강래 중앙대학교 대학원 2015 국내석사

본 연구는 정보보안 관리자의 특성과 자기 결단력이 정보보안 효과성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 정보통신기술이 발달하고 정보가 자산이 되는 지식기반 사회로 변화함에 따라 정보시스템이 널리 사용되고 있다. 정보시스템이 조직에 있어 전략의 도구, 정보 자산, 고유 역량, 경쟁력의 원천이 될 수 있다. 하지만, 정보유출과 같은 정보보안 사고가 발생하게 되면 조직에 큰 타격을 미치기에 조직에서는 정보시스템을 구축하고 운영할 때, 지속적으로 보안 활동을 중요시해야한다. 정보보안을 달성하기 위해 한 가지 방법으로 정보보안 관리자의 역할을 들 수 있다. 그중에서 실질적으로 정보보안 담당업무를 수행하는 중간관리자 계층의 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 중간관리자인 정보보안 담당자가 정보보안 관리자로서의 특성을 갖췄을 때, 정보보안 효과성에 영향을 미치는지를 알아본다. 또한, 정보보안 관리자의 특성이 자기결단력과의 매개효과가 있는지를 검증한다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫 째, 정보보안 업무를 수행하는 중간관리자 계층의 특성의 하위 요인을 도출하였다. 특성을 도출하기 위해 정보보안의 속성과 정보보안 관리자의 역할과 특성에 대해서 선행연구를 진행하였다. 선행연구를 통해 특성의 하위 속성으로 정보보안 관리자의 지식과 보안기술사용능력, 의사소통능력을 도출하고 중간 관리자 계층의 연구로의 이론적 토대를 마련하였다. 둘 째, 실증 분석을 통하여 정보보안 관리자의 특성이 정보보안 효과성에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 지식과 보안기술사용능력, 의사소통능력 모두 정보보안 효과성에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였으며, 이를 통해 정보보안 효과성을 높이는데 있어 중간관리자들에게 시사점을 줄 수 있다. 셋 째, 정보보안 관리자의 특성과 자기결단력을 매개하여 정보보안 효과성을 검증하였다. 연구결과, 정보보안 관리자가 자기 결단력이 높을수록 정보보안 효과성에 높은 효과를 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 정보보안 관리자에게 임파워먼트를 부여하는 것으로, 중간 관리자 계층에게 더 많은 권한을 주면 정보보안 효과성이 높아질 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. 넷 째, 표본의 빈도분석을 통해, 정보보안 관리자가 정보보안의 효과성 달성에 많은 노력을 기울여야 하나 실제로는 많은 노력을 기울이지 못하는 경우가 있다는 사실을 발견할 수 있었다. 이는 곧 조직에서는 정보보안 효과성 달성을 위해 정보보안 관리자에 더 많은 교육의 기회를 제공해야하는 실무적 의의를 제공한다. 본 연구를 통해 중간 관리자 계층의 정보보안 관리자가 정보보안 효과성에 미치는 요인을 도출하였고, 이는 조직의 정보보안 효과성 달성을 위한 기반을 제공하고자 한다. 핵심어 : 정보보안 관리자, 중간 관리자, 효과성, 특성, 자기 결단력 This study analyzed the information security officer’s characteristics and self-determination on impact information security effectiveness As the development of information communication technology is changing into a knowledge-based society, information systems are widely used. The information systems can be a source of competitive advantage, unique capabilities, information assets and strategy tools in organization. But, if the information leaks, such as information security incidents occur has a major impact on the organization. Therefore when the organization established information systems and operating, must constantly look for security activities. The role of an information security officer is one way for achieving information security. Among them, substantially, study of middle management layer for performing information security is almost noting. This study researches when middle managers in information security officer has equipped the characteristics of the information security manager, and find out how impact on the effectiveness of information security. In addition, the characteristics of information security officer to verify that the mediating effect of self-determination. The findings here can be summarized as follows: First, the Characteristics of information security officer of the middle management layer derived the sub factors. In order to derive the characteristics, about the role and characteristic of the information officer and information attribute conducted a previous study. Sub factors of the characteristic with previous studies, derived the knowledge, security management skills and organizational management skills of information security officer. And the theoretical foundation of the study of middle manager layer was prepared. Second, the characteristics of information security officer through the empirical analysis verified the Influence of information security effectiveness. Knowledge, security management skills and organizational management skills were confirmed that influence the information security effectiveness. This, to enhance the information security effectiveness can have implications for middle managers. Third, to mediate the characteristics and self-determination of the information security officer tested the information security effectiveness. The results showed that information security officer is showed that the higher the self-determination, highly information security effectiveness. This is to confer an empowerment to the information security officer, give more authority to middle management layer suggests that this may increase information security effectiveness. Fourth, through frequency analysis of samples, information security officer is make every effort to achieve effectiveness of information security, but in fact could have found that if you do not pay a lot of effort. This means organizations provide practical significance should provide more educational opportunities for information security officer for information security effectiveness achieved. Through this study, the information security officer of the middle management layer was derived factor information security effectiveness. This is intended to provide a basis for achieving the organization's information security effectiveness. Keywords : information security officer, middle manager, information security effectiveness, characteristic, self-determination

酸化觸媒에 의한 大型디젤엔진의 排出가스 淨化 特性

조강래 建國大學校 大學院 1997 국내박사

The most desirable diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) should have the properties of oxidizing CO, HC and SOF effectively at low exhaust gas temperature while minimizing the formation of sulfate at high exhaust gas temperature. Precious metals such as platinum and palladium have been knowm to be sufficiently active for oxidizing CO, HC and SOF and also to have high activity for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide(SO_(2)) to sulfur trioxide(SO_(3)). There is a need to develop a highly selective catalyst which can promote the oxidation of CO, HC and SOF efficiently, but, on the other hand, suppress the oxidation of SO_(2). One approach to solve this problem is to load a base metal such as vanadium in Pt-based catalyst to suppress sulfate formation. In this study, a Pt-V catalyst was prepared by impregnating platinum and vanadium onto a Ti-Si wash coated ceramic monolith substrate. The conversion retes of CO, HC and SO_(2) were investigated using a prepared Pt-V catalyst in a laboratory reactor by changing the formulations and reaction temperatures. In addition, a prepared Pt-V catalytic converter was installed on a heavy duty diesel engine and the characteristics of the emission reduction were tested using a engine dynamometer at various operating conditions. The emission reduction performance of Pt-V catalyst was also compared with that of a commercialized Pt catalyst currently being used in some of the heavy duty diesel engines in advanced countries. The experimental results showed that vanadium was found to be a highly selective catalyst which does not significantly increase CO, HC light-off temperature and while simultaneously inhibiging the formation of sulface. The effects of Pt-V and Pt catalysts on regulated and unregulated heavy duty diesel emissions were investigated using a 0.05 weight% sulfur content fuel with an engine dynamometer. Experiments for gaseous emissions (CO, HC and aldehyde) as well as particulate emissions (TPM, SOF and sulface) have been conducted at several operating conditions such as T-7 mode, D-13 mode and S-13 mode before and after installing the Pt-V and Pt catalysts in the exhaust system. The emission reduction performance of Pt catalyst with respect to CO, HC, SOF, PAHs and aldehyde was found to be a little higher than that of Pt-V catalyst, but the Pt catalyst showed innate disadvantage of causing an increase of TPM due to the sulfate formation via high SO_(2) conversion at high exhaust temperature, especially above 450℃. In D-13 mode, Pt catalyst showed a conversion efficiency of 78% for CO, 35% for HC and 23% for TPM. On the other hand, Pt-V catalyst showed a conversion efficiency of 65% for CO, for 27% for HC and 7.8% for TPM. This result shows that the gas phase reduction with Pt catalyst was better than that of Pt-V catalyst, but the particulate reduction was reversed. However, the conversion efficiency of NO_(x) was low in both catalysts. The S-13 mode, representing the Seoul city bus driving pattern, showed almost similar results as the D-13 mode. Only 1~3% of sulfur in the diesel fuel was converted to sulfur in TPM for the engine without catalyst, but almost 100% of sulfur conversion was achieved for the engine with Pt catalyst at maximum loading condition. In the case of Pt-V catalyst, there was no big difference in conversion with the base engine even at maximum loading condition.

유치원 경영을 위한 홍보기능의 연구

조강래 嶺南大學校 1994 국내석사

都心走行에 있어서 自動車 燃料消費率에 關한 硏究

조강래 延世大學校 1984 국내석사