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박종연,서남규,엄의현 한국보건행정학회 2005 보건행정학회지 Vol.15 No.3
Social solidarity, equity in financing, and efficiency in administration have been core issues in the development of Korean health insurance reformation since 1988. This study is to investigate the trend of administrative cost in Korean National Health Insurance from various aspects. For the analysis of administrative cost, the expenditures of each insurance society and the National Health Insurance Corporation are divided into 4 items of (1) insurance benefit, (2) administrative cost, (3) an agency provision accounts, (4) other expenses, and then they are reorganized. The analyses based on 5 types of the health insurance administrative cost showed that efficiency in administration has been improved generally. We, however, should consider qualitative aspects such as customer's satisfaction with health insurance administration, prompt service, control of unjust expenditure (unjust claims), and provision of medical service including health consultation in assessing efficiency of administration. And, in order to connect the administrative costs of health insurance with efficiency, we need to give a fundamentally new definition, which can contain elaborateness of expenditure in details including the structure and evaluation method of administrative costs. It may be necessary to develop new indicators or analyzing methods hereafter.
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HID 램프용 안정기의 점화기 특성부석 및 제어용 IC의 동작영향 분석
박종연,임병노 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2007 産業技術硏究 Vol.27 No.B
In this paper, four types of igniters were modeled and their characteristics were researched. And then we analyzed and experimented the effect on the control IC operation in this system. Due to the high ignidon voltage, the DC power line on control IC is contaminated with the impulsive noise voltage. So the control IC operation is stopped. Therefore we have found that contamination of DC power noise is reduced by shielding, grounding pattern, and filtering method. We showed that the experimental results are agreed with the theoridcal value obtained by the four types of ignitor models.
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전압변환 GIC에 의한 WDF의 VLSI 실현에 적합한 구조 및 특성
박종연,손태호 한국통신학회 1992 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.17 No.10
전압변환 원리를 이용한 임피던스 변환기의 폿트 종속 디지털 adaptor를 이용하여 임의의 필터규격을 만족하는 웨이브디지탈필터(WDF)를 설계하는 방법을 제안하였다. 기존의 전류변환 원리를 이용한 임피던스 변환기에 의한 WDF의 설계방법은 각종 필터 (LPF, BPF, HPF, BRF)마다 서로 다른 구조로써 실현하여야 한다. 그러나 본 연구에서 제안된 방법은 각종 WDF(LPF, HPF, BPF, BRF)를 한개의 보편적 회로를 이용하여 설계할 수 있음을 밝혔으며 이러한 보편적 회로는 VLSI실현을 위한 회로로써 적합하다. A new method for designing of WDF(Wave Digital Filter) is proposed, which is based on the digital dependent port adaptor transformed by the VGIC(Voltage Conversion Generalized Impedance Converter). To design the WD-LPF, WD-BPF, WD-HPF, or WD-BRF with CGIC(Current Conversion GIC). we have to use the different structure respectively. But the proposed method to design any types of WDF requires only one universal WDF structure, and this structure is attractive for its VLSI implementation for its simplicity.
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박종연,조계현,송명석 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A
The metal halide lamps are now widely used in the application and commercial lighting due to their attracting properties such as good color rendering and high efficiency. But, they have the serious problem of acoustic resonance for high frequency operation and they need the high voltage to ignite. So, they have not been applied to indoors. Over the past few years, a considerable number of studies have been conducted on the electronic ballast together with hot restarting and resonance phenomenon. But, very few attempts have been made with the adaptive ignition method according to the lamp state. In this paper, electronic ballast is proposed for metal halide lamps with an igniter for adaptive ignition. The proposed electronic ballast can generate different ignition voltages according to the arc tube state.
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위사차가 없는 1차원 및 2차원 Maximally Flat FIR 필터의 새로운 설계 방법
박종연,장목순 한국통신학회 1994 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.19 No.12
본 논문에서는 임의로 주어진 설계 조건을 만족하는 MF(Maximally Flat) FTR 저역통과필터 및 고역통과필터의 임펄스응답으로부터 직접적인 연산에 의해서 대역통과필터 및 대역저지필터의 임펄스응답을 구하였다. 또한 위상차가 없는 2-차원의 MF FTR 저역통과필터, 고역통과필터, 대역통과필터 및 대역저지필터는 본 연구에서 구한 1-차원의 임펄스응답의 변환에 의해서 구하였으며, 이러한 필터들은 영상신호처리 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 선과 모서리의 파괴를 방지할 수 있다. This paper proposes a new design method for obtaining the impulse responses which satisfy the prescribed conditions designing for maximally flat FIR lowpass filters and highpass filters. The bandpass filters and band-reject filters have been directly derived from the addition and subtraction of impulse responses of a lowpass filter and a highpass filter. The two-dimensional maximally flat FIR lowpass filter, highpass filters, bandpass filters and band-reject filters with zero-phase have been designed by transforming the impulses of the one-dimensional filters designed in this research, which do not destroy lines and edges at the image signal processing.
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선택적 α2 아드레날린성 수용체 작용제인 Brimonidine 의 진통 및 항이질통에 대한 효과
박종연,박준형,황재현 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.40 No.3
Background: Clonidine, an ?2 adrenoceptor agonist, has been known to have antinociceptive and antiallodynic effects. The antinociceptive and antiallodynic effects of brimonidine, a new selective ?2 agonist, have not been evaluated yet in rats. Behavioral tests were performed to investigate the effects of systemically and spinally administered brimonidine on nociception and mechanical allodynia and the effect of spinal nerve ligation (SNL) on antinociception. Methods: Rats were prepared with tight ligation of spinal nerves and/or a lumbar intrathecal catheter implantation. Using a hot plate (HP) test or von Frey hair (VFH) test, the effect of intraperitoneal (I.P.) and intrathecal (I.T.) brimonidine in normal and SNL rats were examined. I.P. brimonidine (100-1,000?) and I.T. brimonidine (0.1-3.0?) were given to examine the antinociceptive effect on an HP test. After a SNL, a HP test was conducted at the same doses of brimonidine to compare with the preoperative state. I.T. brimonidine (0.03-3.0?) and saline (control) were administered to examine the antiallodynic effect in SNL rats. In addition, an antagonistic study with yohimbine 1.0 mg/kg I.P. was performed to investigate the reversal of the antiallodynic effect of brimonidine. Allodynic thresholds for lesioned hindpaw withdrawl to a VFH test were assessed and converted to %MPE. Results: I.P. brimonidine produced an antinociceptive effect, and I.T. brimonidine also produced a significant antinociceptive effect (P < 0.05). After an SNL, I.T. brimonidine produced a dose-dependent antinocicpetive effect. In addition, I.T. brimonidine produced a dose-dependent antiallodynic effect which is antagonized by yohimbine (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that brimonidine has a more potent antiallodynic effect when given intrathecally. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 40: 397~405)
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