시니어 관광객의 관광가치, 경험이 무장애관광만족과 충성도에 미치는 영향

김가연,김명진 융합관광콘텐츠학회 2023 융합관광콘텐츠학회 학술대회 발표집 Vol.2023 No.7

호텔 전용 스마트 가이드 - 호텔 고객의 빅데이터 수집을 위한 고객 서비스 단말기 개발

김가연,양소현,장혜원,좌민녕 한국관광서비스학회 2018 한국관광서비스학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.31

Cadmium chloride down-regulates the expression of Rad51 in HC11 cells and reduces knock-in efficiency

김가연,강만종 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2023 Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Vol.38 No.3

Background: Efficient gene editing technology is needed for successful knock-in. Homologous recombination (HR) is a major double-strand break repair pathway that can be utilized for accurately inserting foreign genes into the genome. HR occurs during the S/G2 phase, and the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway is inextricably linked to HR to maintain HR fidelity. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of inhibiting MMR-related genes using CdCl2, an MMR-related gene inhibitor, on HR efficiency in HC11 cells. Methods: The mRNA and protein expression levels of MMR-related genes (Msh2, Msh3, Msh6, Mlh1, Pms2), the HR-related gene Rad51, and the NHEJ-related gene DNA Ligase IV were assessed in HC11 cells treated with 10 μM of CdCl2 for 48 hours. In addition, HC11 cells were transfected with a CRISPR/sgRNA expression vector and a knock-in vector targeting Exon3 of the mouse-beta casein locus, and treated with 10 μM cadmium for 48 hours. The knock-in efficiency was monitored through PCR. Results: The treatment of HC11 cells with a high-dose of CdCl2 decreased the mRNA expression of the HR-related gene Rad51 in HC11 cells. In addition, the inhibition of MMR-related genes through CdCl2 treatment did not lead to an increase in knock-in efficiency. Conclusions: The inhibition of MMR-related gene expression through high-dose CdCl2 treatment reduces the expression of the HR-related gene Rad51, which is active during recombination. Therefore, it was determined that CdCl2 is an inappropriate compound for improving HR efficiency.

Poly(methacrylic acid)분자각인고분자 마이크로입자 제조 및 retinoid 분리 성능

김가연,김덕준 한국고분자학회 2002 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2002 No.10

소셜 빅데이터로 본 고령화 사회의 인식변화

김가연 한국사회복지정책학회 2019 한국사회복지정책학회 춘추계학술대회 Vol.2019 No.-

나이아신 펩타이드 융합체의 항주름 및 피부 턴오버 개선 효과

김가연,이승제,전미지,김보민,김근태,강상문,이기영,신은진,김상용,김영민 한국피부과학연구원 2018 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.16 No.2

목적: 본 연구에서는 나이아신 펩타이드 융합체의 항주름 및 피부 턴오버 개선 효과를 입증하고 기능성 화장품 소재로서 이용 가능성을 검증하고자 하였다. 방법: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, wound healing assay, chicken choriallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 3D cell culture를 이용하여 나이아신 펩타이드 융합체의 항주름 및 피부 턴오버 개선 효과를 측정하였다. 결과: 나이아신 펩타이드 융합체는 HaCaT 세포에 대해 독성이 없었고, 세포 이동 능력 회복 효과가 있으며, 이로 인해 피부 재생에 도움을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 나이아신 펩타이드 융합체의 혈관 신생 효능을 확인한 결과, 양성 대조군 vitamin C와 유사한 것으로 확인되었다. 주름 표지 인자인 MMP-1, -2, -3, -9 의 발현양에 미치는 효과를 측정한 결과, MMPs 발현이 감소함을 확인하였다. 피부 에너지 대사와 관련하여 Western blotting을 실시한 결과, 나이아신 펩타이드 융합체에 의해 피부 에너지 대사 활성이 증가함을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 피부 턴오버 개선 효과를 확인한 결과, 양성대조군인 vitamin C와 유사하거나 우수한 피부 턴오버 개선 효능이 있음을 확인하였다. 결론: 본 연구 결과를 통하여 나이아신 펩타이드 융합체의 항주름 및 피부 턴오버 개선 효능을 확인하였으며, 기능성 화장품 소재로서 이용 가능성이 높을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the anti-wrinkle and skin turnover improvement effects of niacinamide-dipeptide convergence (N-peptide). Methods: The following methods were employed to assess the anti-wrinkle and skin turnover improvement effects of N-peptide: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, wound healing assay, chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture. Results: The MTT assay revealed that the N-peptide does not exert a cytotoxic effect in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Moreover, the scratch wound healing and CAM assays showed that the N-peptide induced migratory properties and angiogenesis, respectively, in HaCaT cells. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, -2, -3, and -9 was measured using RT-PCR to evaluate the anti-wrinkle effect of N-peptides. The findings demonstrated that N-peptides were responsible for reducing the expression of the aforementioned MMPs. In addition, using western blotting, N-peptides were identified to increase energy metabolism activity. Furthermore, 3D cell culture analysis indicated improvement in the skin turnover rate because of the N-peptides. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that N-peptides may be a source of cosmetic agents for the improvement of wrinkles and skin turnover.

Molecular Surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus about Virulence Factors Isolated from the Oral Cavity of Patients with Periodontitis

김가연,김진경,이영기 대한구강악안면병리학회 2015 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.39 No.2

S. aureus is reported as a major cause of nosocomial infections after dental care and involved in endocarditis, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, peritonitis, and soft tissues etc. It is very important to identify the distribution and the diversity of toxin gene associated with the S. aureus expression in dental care patients with periodontitis directly for an effective prevention and treatment of dental diseases. Fifty four strains of S. aureus were isolated from the saliva of 129 patients who were diagnosed with periodontitis at dental clinics and hospitals located in Seoul. The distribution of the virulence gene and the genetic diversity of the strains were studied using the polymerase chain reaction with isolated strains. The enterotoxin test showed Seb was the most frequent gene with 88.9%. The hemolysin gene of Hla, Hib and Hld were the most frequently gene with 98.1% S. aureus is reported as a major cause of nosocomial infections after dental care and involved in endocarditis, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, peritonitis, and soft tissues etc. It is very important to identify the distribution and the diversity of toxin gene associated with the S. aureus expression in dental care patients with periodontitis directly for an effective prevention and treatment of dental diseases. Fifty four strains of S. aureus were isolated from the saliva of 129 patients who were diagnosed with periodontitis at dental clinics and hospitals located in Seoul. The distribution of the virulence gene and the genetic diversity of the strains were studied using the polymerase chain reaction with isolated strains. The enterotoxin test showed Seb was the most frequent gene with 88.9%. The hemolysin gene of Hla, Hib and Hld were the most frequently gene with 98.1% (53 strains), leukocidins gene of lukM showed 90.7% (49 strains), and laminin binding protein gene of Eno showed 100% (54 strains), respectively. The diversity of the enterotoxin gen was held as Seb-Seg-Sei gene of 35.2% (19 strains), the diversity of hemolysin gene of Hla-Hlb-Hld gene was 98.1% (53 strains) and the diversity of leukocidins gene of LukD-LukM were 88.9% (48 strains), respectively. Patients with dental disease showed somehow high toxin gene expression so that S. aureus in dental care area is judged to show very highly pathogen with a high and infection rate. In the future, additional studies for these toxin genes seem to be required.(53 strains), leukocidins gene of lukM showed 90.7% (49 strains), and laminin binding protein gene of Eno showed 100% (54 strains), respectively. The diversity of the enterotoxin gen was held as Seb-Seg-Sei gene of 35.2% (19 strains), the diversity of hemolysin gene of Hla-Hlb-Hld gene was 98.1% (53 strains) and the diversity of leukocidins gene of LukD-LukM were 88.9% (48 strains), respectively. Patients with dental disease showed somehow high toxin gene expression so that S. aureus in dental care area is judged to show very highly pathogen with a high and infection rate. In the future, additional studies for these toxin genes seem to be required. S. aureus is reported as a major cause of nosocomial infections after dental care and involved in endocarditis, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, peritonitis, and soft tissues etc. It is very important to identify the distribution and the diversity of toxin gene associated with the S. aureus expression in dental care patients with periodontitis directly for an effective prevention and treatment of dental diseases. Fifty four strains of S. aureus were isolated from the saliva of 129 patients who were diagnosed with periodontitis at dental clinics and hospitals located in Seoul. The distribution of the virulence gene and the genetic diversity of the strains were studied using the polymerase chain reaction with isolated strains. The enterotoxin test showed Seb was the most frequent gene with 88.9%. The hemolysin gene of Hla, Hib and Hld were the most frequently gene with 98.1% (53 strains), leukocidins gene of lukM showed 90.7% (49 strains), and laminin binding protein gene of Eno showed 100% (54 strains), respectively. The diversity of the enterotoxin gen was held as Seb-Seg-Sei gene of 35.2% (19 strains), the diversity of hemolysin gene of Hla-Hlb-Hld gene was 98.1% (53 strains) and the diversity of leukocidins gene of LukD-LukM were 88.9% (48 strains), respectively. Patients with dental disease showed somehow high toxin gene expression so that S. aureus in dental care area is judged to show very highly pathogen with a high and infection rate. In the future, additional studies for these toxin genes seem to be required.

숲 명상이 유아의 수면시간 및 수면습관에 미치는 영향

김가연,연평식 한국산림휴양복지학회 2022 한국산림휴양학회지 Vol.26 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of forest meditation on children’s sleep time and sleep habits. The experiment was conducted for 5 weeks from May 2022 to mid-June of 2022 with 59children aged 5 (20 forest meditation group, 19 forest experience group, and 20 non-treatment group) in the early childhood education institution located in Cheongju city. The forest meditation group conducted forest meditation activities, the forest experience group conducted forest experience activities, and the non-treatment group conducted the program based on the Nuri-curriculum (standard infant curriculum). Forest meditation activities and forest experience activities were conducted once or twice a week, a total of 8 times, and 1 hour(60 minutes) per session was conducted. Before and after the program, parents were measured by using the Korean-the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (K-CSHQ) and the data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0program. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, the average sleep time of the forest meditation group increased statistically significantly. Second, Among the sub-regions of sleep habit, only the forest meditation group showed statistically significant changes in Bedtime Resistance, Sleep Onset Delay, and Sleep Anxiety, and statistically significant changes in the total score of sleep habit. These results show that meditation activities in forests have a positive effect on improving the sleeping time and sleeping habits of children. 본 연구는 숲 명상이 유아의 수면시간과 수면습관에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 청주시에 위치한 유아교육기관의 만 5세 유아 59명(숲명상 집단 20명, 숲체험 집단 19명, 무처치 집단 20명)을 대상으로 2022년 5월부터 6월 중순까지 5주간 실험을 진행하였다. 숲명상 집단은 숲 명상 활동, 숲체험 집단은 숲 체험 활동을 진행하였으며, 무처치 집단은 누리과정에 의한 프로그램을 실시하였다. 숲 명상 활동과 숲 체험 활동은 매주 1~2회씩 총 8회, 1시간(60분)씩 진행하였다. 프로그램 실시 전후에 유아들을 대상으로 부모가 한국판 아동 수면습관척도(K-CSHQ)를 이용하여 측정하고, 그 자료를 SPSS 18.0 프로그램으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 수면시간은 숲명상 집단의 평균 수면시간이 통계적으로 유의미하게 증가하였다. 둘째, 수면습관의 하위영역 중 수면 저항, 수면 착수 지연, 수면 불안 영역에서 숲명상 집단만이 통계적으로 유의미한 변화를 보였으며, 수면습관의 총점에서도 통계적으로 유의미한 변화를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 숲에서 명상 활동은 유아의 수면시간 향상과 수면습관의 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 보여준다.

시대적, 사회적 변화에 따른 현대여가문화 공간의 랜드스케이프 디자인 특성 - 펜션공간의 사례연구와 분석을 중심으로 -

김가연,남경숙(Nam, Kyeong-Sook) 한국실내디자인학회 2020 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.22 No.1

Antimicrobial susceptibility and pathogenic genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the oral cavity of patients with periodontitis

김가연,이종헌 대한치주과학회 2015 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.45 No.6

Purpose: The goal of this study was to characterize the patterns of antimicrobial resistanceand virulence genes in samples of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated from periodontitispatients. Methods: From July 2015 to August 2015, oral saliva was collected from a total of 112 patientsdiagnosed with periodontitis, including 80 outpatients in dental hospitals and 32 patientsin dental clinics located in Seoul and Cheonan. The samples were subjected to a susceptibilitytest to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, and the pathogenicfactors and antimicrobial resistance factors in the DNA of S. aureus were analyzed usingpolymerase chain reaction. Results: A susceptibility test against 15 antimicrobial agents showed that 88% of cultureswere resistant to ampicillin, 88% to penicillin, and 2% to oxacillin. Resistance to at leasttwo drugs was observed in 90% of cultures, and the most common pattern of multidrugresistance was to ampicillin and penicillin. Enterotoxins were detected in 65.9% of samples. The cell hemolysin gene hld was detected in 100% of cultures and hla was detected in97.6% of samples. All strains resistant to penicillin and ampicillin had the blaZ gene. Theaph(3′)IIIa gene, which encodes an aminoglycoside modifying enzyme, was detected in46.3% of samples. Conclusions: In the treatment of oral S. aureus infections, it is important to identify thepathogenic genes and the extent of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, it is necessary tostudy patterns of antimicrobial resistance and cross-infection in the context of periodontologicalspecialties in which antimicrobials are frequently used, such as maxillofacial surgery,where the frequency of antimicrobial use for minor procedures such as implant placementis increasing.