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Maternal Social Separation of Adolescent Rats Induces Hyperactivity and Anxiolytic Behavior
곽형렬,이재원,권광준,강창돈,정일영,전완주,김성수,이희제 대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.2
Exposure to early stressful adverse life events such as maternal and social separation plays an essential role in the development of the nervous system. Adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats that were separated on postnatal day 14 from their dam and litters (maternal social separation, MSS) showed hyperactivity and anxiolytic behavior in the open field test, elevated plus-maze test, and forced-swim test. Biologically, the number of astrocytes was significantly increased in the prefrontal cortex of MSS adolescent rats. The hyperactive and anxiolytic phenotype and biological alteration produced by this MSS protocol may provide a useful animal model for investigating the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders of childhood-onset diseases, such as attention deficient hyperactive disorder.
모성 및 사회성 분리 백서 모델의 해마에서 유전자 칩을 이용한 유전자 발현 연구
이희제,손창희,곽형렬,이상현,한윤희,김수영,박종익,전완주,김성수,Lee, Hee Jae,Son, Chang Hee,Kwak, Hyong Ryol,Lee, Sang-Hyun,Han, Yoon Hee,Kim, Soo Young,Park, Jong-Ik,Chun, Wanjoo,Kim, Sung-Soo 대한생물정신의학회 2006 생물정신의학 Vol.13 No.2
Objectives : Alteration of hippocampus was demonstrated in the maternal social separation(MSS) pups, separated from dams on postnatal day(pnd) 14 and placed alone. Therefore, to understand the molecular events involved in the MSS, we have initiated a search for gene profiles that are up or down-regulated in the hippocampus of MSS pups. Methods : Analysis of cDNA microarray was performed by using total RNA extracted from the hippocampus of control and MSS pups on pnd 17. Also, passive-avoidance test was demonstrated on pnd 35. Results : Up-regulation of Nedd4a was observed in the hippocampus of MSS pups. Also, MSS rats showed less elongation of latency in passive avoidance test. Conclusion : We suggest that environmental effects of MSS may be altered the neural and/or glial differentiation and synapse formation-related genes which may lead cognitive alterations in MSS rats.
혐기적 조건의 토양에서 제초제 14C - bifenox 의 분해
서용택,김용웅,이강봉,김길용,곽형렬 한국환경농학회 2000 한국환경농학회지 Vol.19 No.4
혐기적 토양조건하에서 제초제 ^(14)C-bifenox의 분해를 조사하고자 하였다. ^(14)C-bifenox를 미사질양토와 사양토에 각각 2.1 ㎎/㎏ 수준으로 처리한 후, 180일 동안 25℃의 형기적 조건하에서 배양하였다. 배양기간동안 bifenox의 무기화, 유기용매 추출성 및 추출불가 잔류량, 그리고 분해산물 등을 조사하였다. 배양기간 180일 동안 방출된 약제의 ^(14)CO₂는 미사질양토와 사양토에서 각각 1.97%와 0.9% 수준이었다. 사양토에서의 추출불가 잔류량은 시험기간동안 표지된 ^(14)C가 79.12%까지 눈에 띠게 증가하였고, 미사질양토에서 보다 그 양이 더 많았으며 이는 두 토양이 갖는 서로 다른 물리화학적 특성과 유기물 함량의 차이에서 기인된 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 추출불가 잔류량은 주로 humin에 분포하였으며 배양시간에 따라 증가하였다. 토양 중 bifenox의 주요 분해산물은 최종산물인 nitrofen, 5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-2-nitrobenzoate 2,4-dichlorophenoxy aniline 그리고 methyl 5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) anthranilate으로 확인되었다. Bifenox의 토양 중 휘발성 물질 및 CO₂ 생성량과 잔류 및 분해독성은 이 화합물이 화학적 및 생물학적 분해에 안정함을 시사하였다.
모성 및 사회성 분리 동물 모델의 해마에서 유전자 칩을 이용한 유전자 발현 연구
이희제,전완주,박종익,김성수,손창희,곽형렬,이상현,한윤희,김수영 대한생물정신의학회 2006 생물정신의학 Vol.13 No.2
Objectives : Alteration of hippocampus was demonstrated in the maternal social separation (MSS) pups, separated from dams on postnatal day (pnd) 14 and placed alone. Therefore, to understand the molecular events involved in the MSS, we have initiated a search for gene profiles that are up or down-regulated in the hippocampus of MSS pups. Methods : Analysis of cDNA microarray was performed by using total RNA extracted from the hippocampus of control (n = 4) and MSS (n = 4) pups on pnd 17. Also, passive-avoidance test was demonstrated. Results : Up-regulation of Nedd4a was observed in the hippocampus of MSS pups. Also, MSS rats showed less elongation of latency in passive avoidance test. Conclusion : We suggest that environmental effects of MSS may be altered the neural and/or glial differentiation and synapse formation-related genes which may lead cognitive alterations in MSS rats.