노인(老人) 주간(晝間) 단기보호(短期保護)의 현황(現況)과 과제(課題)

고양곤(Yang Kon Koh) 한국노인복지학회 1998 노인복지연구 Vol.1 No.-

Recently, Korea has experienced a rapid increase of elderly population and is expected to become an aging society by year 2000. At the sane time, a rapid modernization process of industrialization, urbanization, nuclearization of the family has weakened the care functions of the family. And yet, the social welfare services are not fully developed to praovide the needed services for the aged persons who are living apart from their adult children and suffer from economic difficulties, poor health, role loss, and social-psychological isolation. Recognizing the serious problems of older persons, the Aged Welfare Law was enacted in 1981(amended in 1989, 1993, and 1997) to develop various service programs, such as home help services of adult day care(ADC) and short stay service(SSS), primarily for low income frail and childless elderly. However, the current level of ADC and SSS is very limited in terms of their quantity and quality of services lacking of their professional staff, funds, and specific programs. Service hours and target population need to be expanded. ADC should operate early in the morning hours, evenings, weekends, as well as in the day time hours. ADC and SSS need to develop educational and training programs for the caregivers so that they can provide the same quality of services at home for their frail elders. An equitable distribution of ADC and SSS should be made to provide needed home help services for both urban and rural elders with an improved system of service delivery. To meet this challenge, we need to mobilize all the resources of government, industry, local communities, families, and aging individuals and work all together toward the development of welfare society for a healthy, productive and integrated life in later years.

한국에 있어서의 위험관리의 연구동향과 과제

고양곤 ( Yang Kon Koh ) 한국리스크관리학회 1993 위험관리학회지 Vol.3 No.-

외국 노인의 정치참여와 권익운동

고양곤(Yang Kon Koh) 한국노인복지학회 2001 노인복지연구 Vol.14 No.-

This study has been designed to review current status and future prospects of political an d social participation of the Korean elderly. The elderly are disengaged of their job in good health, even if they have yet knowledge and skill which society needs. Moreover, they have strong will to participate in social activity. For this reason, the elderly are not only beneficiary, but they can also be giver to society. They are healthy, have good will, and have free times. The policy and program for the elderly of state and local government must be expanded to these area. In these area the patterns of activity are of variety, for example, that is leisure, participation in social organization, religion and spirituality, and senior power. Of course, in present, recreation and volunteer activities are lively. But the rest has not studied actively. This article is studied in perspective of continuity and productive theory. Particularly this article is described in terms of older person as participant to society activity. The method is literature study and mainly in case of the older people in American. Of course, this study reviewed articles about Korean old person, too, comparing of America. In the United States, a slogan of “revealing injustice beneath the aura of the affluent society” arises since 1960s, and a number of legal measures such as Older American Act and Non-discrimination in Employment Act were constructed. In addition special issues such as alcoholism prevention, suicide prevention, consumer protection, and transportation services received special attention and supports nationwidely. In Korea, national movements boostered by every age group pursuing improved human rights maintenance need to be initiated. Particularly, hidcn and neglected group of the elderly in needs should be the first target of national supports. Finally in this study, it is proposed that all of the movements need to be initiated and boostered by the elderly group, so that positive image of able elderly are made in the society.

노인자원봉사활동 활성화 방안

고양곤(Yang kon Koh),김동배(Dong Bae Kim),임춘식(Chun Sik Lim),모선희(Sun Hee Mo),원영희(Young Hee Won),이금룡(Geum yong Lee),박준기(Jun Kee Park) 한국노년학회 2001 한국노년학 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구는 종합사회복지관, 노인복지(회)관, 노인대학, 병원 및 기타 노인관련 기관에서 노인자원봉사 프로그램을 운영하는 실무자 137명을 대상으로 한 설문조사와 선별된 실무자들과의 간담회를 통해 모집, 면접 및 배치, 교육과 훈련, 보상, 그리고 보상 등 일련의 관리과정에 대한 현황과 문제점들을 파악하여 이를 토대로 노인자원봉사활동의 활성화를 위한 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과에 의하면, 기관 실무자들이 가장 널리 사용하는 모집방법으로는 기존의 자원봉사자의 소개나 노인관련단체를 통한 모집으로 나타났다. 모집시 어려움으로 자원봉사를 희망하는 노인들의 절대적 부족과, 지속적이거나 전문적인 봉사활동을 할 수 있는 노인들의 부족을 지적하고 있다. 면접에서는 교육이나 훈련의 내용이나 계획에 대해 설명해 주는 것과 배치과정에서는 적당한 봉사활동이 없을 때 새로운 활동을 마련해 주는 것이 잘 실행되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 교육은 실내에서 강의 위주로 진행되는데 문제점이 있었고, 교육시 어려움은 교육 프로그램 개발의 기술부족과 참가자의 무관심으로 나타났다. 봉사자의 가장 큰 불만으로는 봉사 활동에 대한 인정과 적절한 보상이 부족하다는 점이 지적되었다. 가장 효과적인 보상 방법으로는 활동비 지급, 격려 및 표창, 야유회 및 관광활동 등의 순으로 나타났다. 평가에 있어서는 실무자의 거의 절반 이상이 정기적인 평가를 실시하지 않는다고 응답하였다. 본 연구에서는 연구결과를 토대로 노인자원봉사활성화를 위한 몇 가지 개선방안을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자원봉사활동 관리과정의 강화 (① 다양한 모집방법의 활용, ② 자원봉사활동의 영역 개발, ③ 흥미있고 유용성 있는 자원봉사 교육 프로그램 및 교육방법의 개발ㆍ시행, ④ 전문실무자 배치 및 중간관리자의 양성 ⑤ 중도탈락을 방지를 위한 방안 모색, ⑥ 적절한 보상의 제공, 그리고 ⑦ 정기적 평가의 실시), 둘째, 법적 지원체계의 확립, 셋째, 노인자원봉사활동에 대한 인식제고 등을 들 수 있다. 본 연구는 종합사회복지관, 노인복지(회)관, 노인대학, 병원 및 기타 노인관련 기관에서 노인자원봉사 프로그램을 운영하는 실무자 137명을 대상으로 한 설문조사와 선별된 실무자들과의 간담회를 통해 모집, 면접 및 배치, 교육과 훈련, 보상, 그리고 보상 등 일련의 관리과정에 대한 현황과 문제점들을 파악하여 이를 토대로 노인자원봉사활동의 활성화를 위한 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과에 의하면, 기관 실무자들이 가장 널리 사용하는 모집방법으로는 기존의 자원봉사자의 소개나 노인관련단체를 통한 모집으로 나타났다. 모집시 어려움으로 자원봉사를 희망하는 노인들의 절대적 부족과, 지속적이거나 전문적인 봉사활동을 할 수 있는 노인들의 부족을 지적하고 있다. 면접에서는 교육이나 훈련의 내용이나 계획에 대해 설명해 주는 것과 배치과정에서는 적당한 봉사활동이 없을 때 새로운 활동을 마련해 주는 것이 잘 실행되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 교육은 실내에서 강의 위주로 진행되는데 문제점이 있었고, 교육시 어려움은 교육 프로그램 개발의 기술부족과 참가자의 무관심으로 나타났다. 봉사자의 가장 큰 불만으로는 봉사 활동에 대한 인정과 적절한 보상이 부족하다는 점이 지적되었다. 가장 효과적인 보상 방법으로는 활동비 지급, 격려 및 표창, 야유회 및 관광활동 등의 순으로 나타났다. 평가에 있어서는 실무자의 거의 절반 이상이 정기적인 평가를 실시하지 않는다고 응답하였다. 본 연구에서는 연구결과를 토대로 노인자원봉사활성화를 위한 몇 가지 개선방안을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자원봉사활동 관리과정의 강화 (① 다양한 모집방법의 활용, ② 자원봉사활동의 영역 개발, ③ 흥미있고 유용성 있는 자원봉사 교육 프로그램 및 교육방법의 개발ㆍ시행, ④ 전문실무자 배치 및 중간관리자의 양성 ⑤ 중도탈락을 방지를 위한 방안 모색, ⑥ 적절한 보상의 제공, 그리고 ⑦ 정기적 평가의 실시), 둘째, 법적 지원체계의 확립, 셋째, 노인자원봉사활동에 대한 인식제고 등을 들 수 있다.

獨寡占産業의 社會的費用 推定에 관한 試論 : 우리나라의 製造業을 中心으로

高良坤(Koh Yang Kon),金玘成(Kim Ki Seong) 전북대학교 산업경제연구소 1990 전북대학교 산업경제연구소 논문집 Vol.20 No.-

노인 자원봉사활동의 활성화 방안

고양곤(Koh Yang Kon) 한국노인복지학회 1999 노인복지연구 Vol.6 No.-

Volunteer programs offer an excellent opportunity for senior citizens to actively involve in productive aging and integrated life in the later days of their lives. Lately, there are increasing interests in volunteer programs in Korea but shows little pariticipation among senior citizens. Older persons in Seoul are not exception. A total of 892 persons, 65 and older, were interviewed in Seoul in order to identify their interests in, satisfaction with, and problems of volunteering and volunteer programs. Only a small number of respondents(9.5%) identified themselves, as active(1.6%) or inactive/drop-out volunteers(7.5%), and the majority of them(91.5%) did not have any experience of volunteer activities. Sociodemographic characteristics of those who are experienced of volunteer activities were more females (58.0%) than males(42.0%), age group of 65∼69 (37.60 rather than 70∼74 (30.5%), more primary school graduates (31.9%) than college educated (6.1%), more widowed or single (56.0%) rather than married (44.0%), and more middle class (70.0%) rather than low income (27.4%) or upper class elders (2.6%). Male volunteers were more engaged in traffic control service (38.5%) and environmental protection activities (15.4%), while more female volunteers (27.5%) involved in friendly visiting service for the poor and sick. There were several reasons why the respondents did not participate in volunteer programs. First of all, a large number of respondents have poor health and are not financially secured which hinder them from volunteering. Lack of information and education on senior volunteer programs, together with poor supervision and incentives, are also discouraging factors. Many respondents understood the voluntary work, not as a productive and meaningful activitry, but as a sacrificial behavior of giving their time and money for free of charge. There is also a lack of organized system of program development and management, and insufficient support of government for older volunteer programs. In order to activate the older volunteer programs in Seoul Metropolitan City several suggestions are made as follows: 1) Income maintenance and medical services are needed for older persons to stablize and support their activities of daily living so that they can participate in volunteer programs. 2) Need to cultivate attractive volunteer programs appropriate for senior citizens` health, interests, knowledge, and experience. 3) Improve the information and referral services for older volunteer programs and attract senior citizens of Seoul in various voluntary activities and prevent them from drop-out. 4) Establish older volunteer center in each Gu-office of Seoul to organize volunteer programs and provide the systematic management with professionally trained staff. 5) Secure the financial support. both from government and non-government agencies, to expand the older volunteer programs with volunteer insurance, volunteer activitity credit system, and other volunteer incentive programs. 6) `Volunteer Promotion Act` is needed to activate older volunteer programs and build the welfare society for all ages in Seoul and Korea, now and for the new millenium years.

21세기 노인복지(老人福祉) 목표(目標)와 서비스 전략(戰略)

고양곤(Yang Kon Koh) 한국노인복지학회 1999 노인복지연구 Vol.4 No.-

Korea is aging. Improved living standard and medical care have resulted an increase of elderly population. Currently, about 140,000 elders, 66 and older, are increasing every year. By the year 2,000, Korea will become an aging society with 3.4 million elders, or 7.1% of total population. She is further expected to become an aged society by 2022 with 7 million elders or 14% of total population. As the number and proportion of older population increase, their income maintenance, health care, employment, and social-psychological isolation are becoming a social problem, particularly among those old and frail elders. Most of Korean elders were born and raised under the Japanese occupation, and lived through the hardships of World War B and Korean conflict. They did not have a chance to be properly educated or save enough money for their old age. Consequently, many elderly Koreans are suffering from poverty, chronic disease, role loss, and feeling of isolation. New aging in the 21st century, however, will be different from their parent generation. They will live longer and healthier. They are more educated, with higher income, and like to participate in various leisure activities to enjoy the good quality of life. There are three objectives for their successful aging; healthy aging, productive aging, and integrated living. According to the United Nation’s sugestions for aging service, there are five principles: independence, participation, care, self-fulfillment, and dignity. These five principles should be reflected in policy-making and program development of older population. Service delivery for aging society should consider the new trends of social welfare. Aging programs need to (1) put more emphasis on community care and also build mire caring community, (2) provide cultural services to improve the quality of life, (3) encourage older persons’ participation, advocacy, and empowerment, (4) promote productive life style and build a welfare society for all ages. In addition, a total of nine specific service strategies are recommended toward the successful aging in the 21st century. Aging service should (1) be provided by need-based policy, (2) cultivate all the resources in the community, governmental and NCOs. (3) strengthen the family functions of elder care, particularly for those low income aged (4) improve the health and medical care system, (5) provide housing programs for older people linking them with services, (6) offer institutional programs when it is necessary, (7) develop more home and community care programs, (8) encourage to cultivate and utilize more leisure programs, and (9) establish a new image for older persons as active, adventurous, productive, and problem-solving person.

고령자 취업문제와 고령인력 개발에 관한 연구

高兩坤 강남대학교 부설 한국사회복지연구소 1995 한국사회복지 Vol.2 No.-

한국의 생명보험 마아케팅에 관한 실증적 연구 : 가입자의 의사결정에 관한 비교분석을 중심으로

고양곤 한국보험학회 1986 保險學會誌 Vol.27 No.-

장애노인의 테크놀지 활용에 관한 연구

고양곤 강남대학교 부설 한국사회복지연구소 2002 한국사회복지 Vol.6 No.-