Immediate Effects of Ankle Eversion Taping on Balance and Gait Function in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

( Hye-in Bae ),( Myeong-ho Lee ),( Myoung-kwon Kim ) 대한물리의학회 2023 대한물리의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

PURPOSE: This study examined the immediate effects of applying ankle eversion taping using kinesiology tape in chronic stroke patients―design: a randomized cross-over trial. METHODS: Seventeen stroke patients underwent three interventions in random order. The subjects were initially assigned randomly to an ankle eversion taping, placebo taping, or no taping for each intervention. Ankle eversion taping was used for mechanical correction and was involved in ankle dorsiflexion and eversion. The tape was stretched by 30-40%. Placebo tapping was applied in the same form as eversion tapping but was not stretched. The balance ability was assessed using the Y-balance test. The gait ability was assessed by maximum foot pressure and time of stance phase, and gait speed was assessed using a 10 m walk test (10MWT). All measurements were performed immediately after the intervention. RESULTS: The results showed that the dynamic balance and stance phase time in chronic stroke patients was improved after ankle eversion taping. The ankle eversion taping conditions increased significantly (p < .05) compared to the placebo and no taping conditions. CONCLUSION: The application of ankle eversion taping that uses kinesiology tape instantly increased the gait ability of chronic stroke patients. On the other hand, more research will be needed to identify the long-term effects of ankle eversion taping.

The effects of increased unilateral and bilateral calcaneal eversion on pelvic and trunk alignment in standing position

( Jaehoon Yi ) 물리치료재활과학회 2016 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.5 No.2

Objective: Generally, it is known that there is a correlation between excessive calcaneus eversion and a patient with low back pain and it also affects pelvic alignment. However, there are not enough studies that show calcaneal eversion having an effect on the alignment of the trunk. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A 3-dimensional motion analysis system was used to assess the lower limbs, pelvic alignment, and trunk alignment with increased unilateral and bilateral calcaneal eversion in twenty-one subjects. All subjects were asked to maintain a static posture for seven seconds on a wedge three times per posture for measurement and analysis purposes. The wedge used in the process was a lateral wedge with a 10-degree tilt to the lateral direction. To unify all of the subjects` foot position, the front and inner side of the wedge were marked. The height of the tilted wedge`s inner side and flat wedge were balanced equally in order to be able to maintain the lateral part of the foot to the same height when producing an increased calcaneal eversion. Results: Comparing the changes in trunk and pelvic alignment in accordance to calcaneal eversion for each posture, there was a significant different in the X and Y-axis for each posture, but not in the Z-axis (p<0.05). Thus, it can be confirmed that calcaneal eversion in the sagittal plane and frontal plane may have and effect on the pelvis and the trunk. Conclusions: Postures with increased bilateral and unilateral calcaneal eversion has an effect on pelvic alignment, but does not cause any changes in trunk alignment.

The effects of increased unilateral and bilateral calcaneal eversion on pelvic and trunk alignment in standing position

Yi, Jaehoon korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2016 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.5 No.2

Objective: Generally, it is known that there is a correlation between excessive calcaneus eversion and a patient with low back pain and it also affects pelvic alignment. However, there are not enough studies that show calcaneal eversion having an effect on the alignment of the trunk. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A 3-dimensional motion analysis system was used to assess the lower limbs, pelvic alignment, and trunk alignment with increased unilateral and bilateral calcaneal eversion in twenty-one subjects. All subjects were asked to maintain a static posture for seven seconds on a wedge three times per posture for measurement and analysis purposes. The wedge used in the process was a lateral wedge with a 10-degree tilt to the lateral direction. To unify all of the subjects' foot position, the front and inner side of the wedge were marked. The height of the tilted wedge's inner side and flat wedge were balanced equally in order to be able to maintain the lateral part of the foot to the same height when producing an increased calcaneal eversion. Results: Comparing the changes in trunk and pelvic alignment in accordance to calcaneal eversion for each posture, there was a significant different in the X and Y-axis for each posture, but not in the Z-axis (p<0.05). Thus, it can be confirmed that calcaneal eversion in the sagittal plane and frontal plane may have and effect on the pelvis and the trunk. Conclusions: Postures with increased bilateral and unilateral calcaneal eversion has an effect on pelvic alignment, but does not cause any changes in trunk alignment.

The effects of increased unilateral and bilateral calcaneal eversion on pelvic and trunk alignment in standing position

이재훈 물리치료재활과학회 2016 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.5 No.2

Objective: Generally, it is known that there is a correlation between excessive calcaneus eversion and a patient with low back pain and it also affects pelvic alignment. However, there are not enough studies that show calcaneal eversion having an effect on the alignment of the trunk. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A 3-dimensional motion analysis system was used to assess the lower limbs, pelvic alignment, and trunk alignment with increased unilateral and bilateral calcaneal eversion in twenty-one subjects. All subjects were asked to maintain a static posture for seven seconds on a wedge three times per posture for measurement and analysis purposes. The wedge used in the process was a lateral wedge with a 10-degree tilt to the lateral direction. To unify all of the subjects’ foot position, the front and inner side of the wedge were marked. The height of the tilted wedge’s inner side and flat wedge were balanced equally in order to be able to maintain the lateral part of the foot to the same height when producing an increased calcaneal eversion. Results: Comparing the changes in trunk and pelvic alignment in accordance to calcaneal eversion for each posture, there was a significant different in the X and Y-axis for each posture, but not in the Z-axis (p<0.05). Thus, it can be confirmed that calcaneal eversion in the sagittal plane and frontal plane may have and effect on the pelvis and the trunk. Conclusions: Postures with increased bilateral and unilateral calcaneal eversion has an effect on pelvic alignment, but does not cause any changes in trunk alignment.

Analysis of the Area of Center of Pressure (COP) Trajectories According to Running Speed and Its Correlation with Ankle Joint Motion

Hojong Gil,Sihyun Ryu,Sang-Kyoon Park,Jiseon Ryu 대한인간공학회 2018 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.37 No.6

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of motions using the new calculation method of COP area and to investigate the correlation with the change of the foot eversion. Background: The quantitative analysis process on the data of COP revealed in the process of repetitive gait and running cycle is essentially required and through COP trajectories, the correlations between ground and feet can be effectively examined. Method: Thirty young males participated in this study. They were asked to run on an instrumented treadmill (Bertec, USA) at speeds of 3.5m/s and 4.5m/s for running. A system of motion analysis cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, and Sweden) and pedar-X system (Novel GmbH, Germany) were used to collect joint angles and COP trajectories, and Shoelace Formula was used to calculate the area of multiple COP lines from running. The analysis variables were the area of COP, the COP range, the COP velocity, and the ankle joint eversion angle. The Pearson"s correlation coefficient was calculated to investigate the relations between variables. Results: The running at 4.5m/s showed the smaller area of COP and the range of COP, but the greater velocity of COP (p <0.05) in comparison with the running at 3.5m/s. There was a positive correlation between the area of COP and the anteriorposterior range of COP (r =.350). Additionally, there was a negative correlation between the area of COP and the maximum eversion angle of ankle joint (r =-.418). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the method using the Shoelace Formula to calculate the area of COP was able to determine the difference between running speeds and predict the maximum eversion angle of the ankle joint. Application: Based the results, the area of COP trajectories newly presented in this study is judged to be used as a variable to predict running speed and the eversion angle of the ankle joint.

연속 수직 끝맞춤 봉합법의 임상적 유용성

이영종,홍성희,홍승업 대한미용성형외과학회 2005 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.11 No.1

Precise approximation of the wound margin without undue tension and making the wound slightly elevated state, thereby accelerating primary wound healing and minimizing the scar is one of essential techniques of a surgeon.The continuous over-and-over suture provides rapid closure with an even distribution of tension along the length of the wound, but the disadvantage arises if the surgeon wants to remove only a few sutures at a time, and the inversion of wound margin can sometimes occur. The simple interrupted suture takes longer to perform but more selective adjustments of wound edges can be made, and allows for the removal of every other stitch when it is needed. The vertical mattress suture takes long and have relatively poor microcirculation of wound margin but provide a greater wound eversion and precise approximation of the wound margin. The continuous vertical mattress suture is relatively fast, adjusts the tissue layers fairly well and provides good eversion. But the problem arises if the suture breaks.

Eversion Carotid Endarterectomy : A Short Review

Davidovic, Lazar B.,Tomic, Ivan Z. The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2020 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.63 No.3

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is the main procedure in carotid surgery, as well as the most frequent vascular procedure. Two techniques of CEA are available : eversion and conventional plus patch angioplasty. Eversion CEA is anatomic procedure that reduces ischemic and total operative time. Simultaneous correction of the joined carotid kinking and coiling is possible, easy and safe, while the usage of patch is excluded. Thanks to oblique shape of anastomosis, eversion CEA is associated with low risk of long-term restenosis. The false anastomotic aneurysms occurrence is very rare, almost impossible after eversion CEA. However, the usage of carotid shunt during eversion CEA is not always simple, while proximal or distal extension of the carotid plaque can make eversion CEA more difficult and risky. Eversion CEA should be the first choice in carotid surgery. Conventional CEA is indicated in cases when carotid plaque is extended more than usual, as well as, if the usage of carotid shunt is necessary.

Effects of Combined Wedge on Angle and Moment of Ankle and Knee Joint During Gait in Patients With Genu Varus

양해선,최흥식 국제물리치료연구학회 2016 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined wedge on the range of motion in ankle and knee joint, ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment, and center of pressure excursion of foot for genu varus among adult men during gait. This study was carried out with 10 adult men for genu varus in a motion analysis laboratory in J university. The subjects of the experiment were measured above 5cm width between the knees on contact of both medial malleolus of ankle while standing. The width of their knees in neutral position was measured without the inversion or eversion of the subtalar joint by the investigator. The subjects of the experiment were ten who were conducted randomly for standard insole, insole with 10° lateral on rear foot wedge, insole at 10°lateral on rear foot and 5° medial on fore foot wedge. Before and after intervention, changes on the range of motion in ankle and knee joint, ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment, and center of pressure excursion were measured. In order to compare analyses among groups; repeated one-way ANOVA and Scheffé post hoc test were used. As a result, combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to control wedge group in terms of knee varus angle in mid-stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge group in terms of ankle eversion moment in whole stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge group in terms of knee adduction moment in whole stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge in terms of center of pressure excursion in whole stance(p<.05). The results of this study suggest that combined wedge for genu varus decreased ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment upon center of pressure excursion. We hypothesize that combined wedge may also be effective in the protection excessive ankle pronation.

Effects of Combined Wedge on Angle and Moment of Ankle and Knee Joint During Gait in Patients With Genu Varus

Yang, Hae Sun,Choi, Houng Sik International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2016 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined wedge on the range of motion in ankle and knee joint, ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment, and center of pressure excursion of foot for genu varus among adult men during gait. This study was carried out with 10 adult men for genu varus in a motion analysis laboratory in J university. The subjects of the experiment were measured above 5cm width between the knees on contact of both medial malleolus of ankle while standing. The width of their knees in neutral position was measured without the inversion or eversion of the subtalar joint by the investigator. The subjects of the experiment were ten who were conducted randomly for standard insole, insole with $10^{\circ}$ lateral on rear foot wedge, insole at $10^{\circ}$lateral on rear foot and $5^{\circ}$ medial on fore foot wedge. Before and after intervention, changes on the range of motion in ankle and knee joint, ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment, and center of pressure excursion were measured. In order to compare analyses among groups; repeated one-way ANOVA and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ post hoc test were used. As a result, combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to control wedge group in terms of knee varus angle in mid-stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge group in terms of ankle eversion moment in whole stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge group in terms of knee adduction moment in whole stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge in terms of center of pressure excursion in whole stance(p<.05). The results of this study suggest that combined wedge for genu varus decreased ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment upon center of pressure excursion. We hypothesize that combined wedge may also be effective in the protection excessive ankle pronation.

Effects of Combined Wedge on Angle and Moment of Ankle and Knee Joint During Gait in Patients With Genu Varus

Hae Sun Yang,Houng Sik Choi 국제물리치료학회 2016 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined wedge on the range of motion in ankle and knee joint, ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment, and center of pressure excursion of foot for genu varus among adult men during gait. This study was carried out with 10 adult men for genu varus in a motion analysis laboratory in J university. The subjects of the experiment were measured above 5cm width between the knees on contact of both medial malleolus of ankle while standing. The width of their knees in neutral position was measured without the inversion or eversion of the subtalar joint by the investigator. The subjects of the experiment were ten who were conducted randomly for standard insole, insole with 10° lateral on rear foot wedge, insole at 10°lateral on rear foot and 5° medial on fore foot wedge. Before and after intervention, changes on the range of motion in ankle and knee joint, ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment, and center of pressure excursion were measured. In order to compare analyses among groups; repeated one-way ANOVA and Scheffé post hoc test were used. As a result, combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to control wedge group in terms of knee varus angle in mid-stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge group in terms of ankle eversion moment in whole stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge group in terms of knee adduction moment in whole stance(p<.05). Combined wedge group was significantly decreased compared to lateral wedge in terms of center of pressure excursion in whole stance(p<.05). The results of this study suggest that combined wedge for genu varus decreased ankle eversion moment and knee adduction moment upon center of pressure excursion. We hypothesize that combined wedge may also be effective in the protection excessive ankle pronation.