김은숙 드라마 <도깨비>의 몰입기제 구축과정 분석 - 관람자 예측성과 가설 구성 활동을 중심으로 -

김의준 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.2

In the entertainment industry, risk management is crucial for securing competitiveness due to the risk of investment. The competitiveness of contents is reinforced when external factors such as industrial environment and internal factors centering on involving mechanism are simultaneously provided. The involving mechanism is a form of cognitive response behavior of the audience and occurs through signal processing of the brain when watching the image contents. The signal processing of the brain related to the contents watching is mainly performed in the working memory area, and in the case of the captivating movie, the information other than the contents transmitted to the audience is blocked to generate a temporary dissociation state. A dissociation state similar to a symptom such as hypnosis or amnesia occurs when the audience's level of involving is high. On the other hand, contents information in which the audience is concentrating his attention is used intensively for constructing future thinking through an episodic buffer while the inflow of external information is relatively blocked or delayed. The spectator's future thinking configuration takes the form of a hypothesis-forming activity and is based on the predictability of the brain. When these hypothesized behaviors correspond to the problem solving simulation of story and predictability which is an evolutionary function of the brain, the audience' s brain is involved in the contents at a high level. In order for the act to be effective, the factors such as the background of the hypothesis, the subject of the hypothesis, the internal information of the person, the type and position and quantity of the hypothesis information, and the hypothesis relevance and type of information are important. Based on these factors, analysis of the Kim Eun Sook Drama ‘Goblin’ shows that the above elements are operated in a very organic and meaningful way.

L1 Influence and Interface Effects in L2 English Unaccusatives

정태구 한국영어교육학회 2016 ENGLISH TEACHING(영어교육) Vol.71 No.4

The Interface Hypothesis (Sorace, 2011; Sorace & Filiaci, 2006; Sorace & Serratrice, 2009; Tsimpli & Sorace, 2006, among others) states that the grammar external interface is more vulnerable for advanced L2ers or bilinguals than the grammar internal interface, and L1 discourse influence is one factor responsible for their residual difficulty (Sorace, 2005; Sorace, Serratrice, Filiaci & Baldo, 2009). Their study, however, did not disentangle interface effects from L1 influence and it is unclear whether the residual difficulty of advanced L2ers is due to interface effects or L1 influence. The results of the present study which teases the two factors apart show that L1 influence is stronger than interface effects. The results without L1 influence show that the syntax-discourse interface is more vulnerable than the syntax-morphology interface, supporting the Interface Hypothesis. This study examines two sets of data, cross-sectional and longitudinal, on overpassivization of L2 English unaccusative verbs by Chinese and Korean speakers.

한국인 스페인어 학습자들의 접합면 현상 습득

정혜윤(Hye-Yoon Chung) 한국중원언어학회 2020 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.54

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of Sorace (2011)’s Interface Hypothesis by testing L1 Korean-L2 Spanish Learners over three different interface properties -the internal interface between syntax and semantics and the external interface between syntax and discourse-pragmatics. A total of 45 university students, divided into three proficiency levels, participated in a grammaticality and/or acceptability judgment test. The test questions dealt with three interface-related phenomena: a) word order variance of two types of intransitive verbs according to focus types, b) pronominal subjects according to topic/focus interpretation, and c) clitic-doubling of the utterance-initial (in)definite objects according to information structure. The SPSS statistics was used for data analysis. The findings of data analysis showed that 1) the more advanced the learners were, the fewer errors were made, and 2) in most cases, the learners seemed to acquire internally interface-related phenomena earlier than externally interface-related phenomena, but not all. The results of this study offer partially positive evidence in favor of the Interface Hypothesis proposed by Sorace and her colleagues.

Narrative Structure and Task Type in the Acquisition of the English Past Progressive

김현진 현대영어교육학회 2020 현대영어교육 Vol.21 No.2

This study investigates the acquisition of the past progressive aspect by Korean learners of English as a second language by examining discourse-level use of the past progressive. The study explores in which context the learners would use the past progressive compared to the simple past. Twenty-four learners were engaged in two elicitation tasks: a verb cloze passage task and a film retell task. The two different tasks yielded results which suggest strong influences of task types on their use of the English past progressive. Based on the results, the study suggests that in a language classroom, the progressive aspect should be practiced with different types of tasks for learners to expand on the restricted associations between lexical aspect and tense-aspect morphology. Furthermore, the study argues that the past progressive should be taught through exposure to and engagement with meaningful narrative discourse to help learners understand grammar more fully.

유표성 차별화 가설에 근거한 화용적 전이 분석

김기형 ( Ki Hyoung Kim ),이상철 ( Sang Cheol Lee ) 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2012 인문학연구 Vol.42 No.4

Lado (1957)는 대조분석가설을 통해 제1언어와 제2언어를 비교 분석하면서 두 언어 사이의 학습용이성을 연구하였다. 이를 토대로 Hymes(1967, 1971, 1972)는 화자의 발화에 있어서 언어규칙뿐만 아니라 사회문화적 규칙을 중시하면서 제2언어 화자의 의사소통능력의 습득여부에 관심을 가졌다. 이러한 의사소통능력의 학습가능성애 대하여 Kasper(1992)는 화용적 전이 개념을 정립시키고 이에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. Eckman(1977, 2008)은 유표 성 차별화 가성과 제2언어 습득 간의 관계를 설명하면서 제2언어에서 습득되는 형태의 복잡성과 사용 빈도 그리고 제1언어의 형태에 따라 언어 간의 전이와 습득 난이도의 위계 성이 생겨난다고 주장하였다. 즉 제2언어 중 습득해야 할 요소가 유표 성을 지니면 언어습득이 어려워지지만 무 표적이면 언어습득이 용이해진다. 본 논문은 이러한 주장을 받아 들여 거절에 사용된 의미공식의 빈도수를 분석하여 유표 성 차별화 가설과 화용적 전이 간의 관계를 살펴볼 것이다. 담화완성테스트를 통하여 얻어진 자료를 분석하여 제2언어에서 학습 할 화용전략이 제1언어에서 사용했던 화용전략보다 덜 유표적이면 학습 자는 쉽게 이를 받아들여 화용적으로 전이시킬 수 있을 것이다. Lado (1957) tried to evidence leamability on the second language acquisition between. the first and the second language, proposing Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis. On this hypothesis, Hymes (1967, 1971, 1972) converted previous syntactic analyses the second language acquisition into communicative ones. Following this focus on the communicative competence, Kasper (1992) defined Pragmatic Transfer and did its research as to whether the pragmatic strategies can be transferred when L2 speakers express their feelings in the target language. Markedness Differential Hypothesis proposed by Eckman (1977, 2008) says that the complexity of form acquired in the second language, frequency of their use, and forms represented in the first language can determine the language transfer and the hierarchy of acquisition. In other words, when the target in I2 is marked, I2 learner will be difficult to learn it; however, when Unmarked, s/he will learn it easily. The purpose of this to paper is to reanalyze the experimental data coming from the research on pragmatic transfer in refusal straregies, conducted by Lee (2010) and Kim & Lee (20l1). This research deals with the frequency of semantic formula which English native speaker, Korean. native speaker, ,and Korean English speaker used to express refusals to four types of situations: suggestion, invitation, request, and offer. In addition, this analysis can find out how MDH will affect L2 speakers when they speak the target language.

Incidental Development of Tense-Aspect in EFL Through an Interactive Written Discourse: Focusing on Aspectual Distinctions

( Hyung-sun Kim ),( Ung-yong Choi ) 한국멀티미디어언어교육학회 2019 Multimedia Assisted Language Learning Vol.22 No.4

This study examined English texts compiled from the outcome of international interactive written discourse during a semester, to explore the evidence of L2 incidental development of the tense-aspect system, focusing on the usage of the present-perfect. The clauses containing the target tense-aspect constructions were extracted by means of Python’s NLTK 3.0. Each present-perfect construction was manually coded for the lexical aspects/situation types, i.e. states, activities, accomplishments, and achievements of the main verb in order to investigate different patterns of incidental development by the types. The quantified differences between the L1 and L2 texts were tested by calculating the Chi-square values. The L2 changes in the use of present-perfect showed some stages that hint at incidental development. A complementary distribution between the past and present-perfect was suggested not only in the L2 text but also in the L1 text. The difference between the L1 and L2 uses of the state and achievement verbs seemed to be due to the circumstance rather than the influence of the lexical aspects. Future research on incidental development based on a longer interaction period was invited.

Incidental Development of Tense-Aspect in EFL Through an Interactive Written Discourse: Focusing on Aspectual Distinctions

김형선,최웅용 한국멀티미디어언어교육학회 2019 멀티미디어 언어교육 Vol.22 No.4

This study examined English texts compiled from the outcome of international interactive written discourse during a semester, to explore the evidence of L2 incidental development of the tense-aspect system, focusing on the usage of the present-perfect. The clauses containing the target tense-aspect constructions were extracted by means of Python’s NLTK 3.0. Each present-perfect construction was manually coded for the lexical aspects/situation types, i.e. states, activities, accomplishments, and achievements of the main verb in order to investigate different patterns of incidental development by the types. The quantified differences between the L1 and L2 texts were tested by calculating the Chi-square values. The L2 changes in the use of present-perfect showed some stages that hint at incidental development. A complementary distribution between the past and present-perfect was suggested not only in the L2 text but also in the L1 text. The difference between the L1 and L2 uses of the state and achievement verbs seemed to be due to the circumstance rather than the influence of the lexical aspects. Future research on incidental development based on a longer interaction period was invited.

‘현재’에 대한 대안적 상상과 불가능한 자유의 서사 - 최인훈의 「회색인」 연구

김영경 상허학회 2021 상허학보 Vol.61 No.-

이 논문은 최인훈의 『회색인』에 나타나는 독특한 서사전략과 기법적 특징을 1960년대 정치ㆍ역사적 맥락 속에서 살피고자 한다. 『회색인』은 ‘5ㆍ16’ 이후의 시기에 발표되었지만 ‘4ㆍ19’ 이전의 시기를 서사화한 작품이다. 이로 인해 이 작품은 다양한 형태의 시대착오적 특성을 보여준다. 이 작품은 표면적으로는 여러 인물들이 대화적인 관계에 있는 듯 보이지만, 심층적으로는 중심인물 독고준의 발화가 다른 모든 인물들의 목소리를 압도하는 독백적이고 위계적인 세계를 보여준다. 그런 점에서 모든 인물들의 목소리는 독고준의 사유로 수렴되고, 그의 발화는 ‘프로파간다’적 특성을 보인다. 인물들의 발화에서 가장 중요한 의미를 갖는 것은 ‘한국에서 혁명은 가능한가’라는 질문이다. 그렇지만 ‘혁명’이 무엇을 의미하는지는 구체적으로 제시되지 않는다. 언어적 차원에서 기표에 대응하는 기의를 발견할 수 없는 상황은 독고준이 고향이라고 할 만한 장소를 찾을 수 없는 상황과 병치된다. 이는 1960년대에 ‘자유’, ‘민주주의’ 등에 대한 담론은 활발하게 이루어졌지만, 정작 그러한 관념들이 현실화될 수 있는 토대는 전혀 마련되어 있지 않았던 당대의 사회적 분위기를 반영하고 있다. 『회색인』은 현재적 시간에 머물면서도 지속적으로 ‘과거’를 지향하는 특성을 보여준다. 『회색인』은 과거 사건들을 자주 다루면서도 과거의 사건을 직접 재현하지는 않는다. 즉 플래시백과 같은 장치를 통해 과거의 순간이 직접 재현되는 것이 아니라, 현재의 독고준의 의식을 통해 과거의 장면이 간접적으로 언급되는 것이다. 작품 속 많은 인물들은 가정법으로 발화하고 사유하는데, 이때 가정의 주요 대상이 되는 것은 ‘미래’가 아닌 ‘과거’이다. 이 작품은 과거에 대한 가정을 통해, 현재와는 다른 대안적 현재가 가능했었다는 사실을 강조하면서 현재가 역사적 필연의 결과물이 아닐 수 있음을 보여준다. 이는 ‘5ㆍ16’을 역사적 필연처럼 간주하고자 했던 동시대 담론에 대한 비판의식을 드러낸 것으로 볼 수 있다. This thesis looks into unique narrative strategy and technical characteristics that appeared in Choi In-Hun’s Grey Man from the 1960s’ political and historical context. Although Grey Man was published after the 5ㆍ16 Coup d’état but this literacy work narrates a period before the April 19th Revolution. Thus, the work shows a variety of anachronistic characteristics. This literary work superficially shows many characters seems to have a conversational relationship, however, the main character, Dokgo Jun utterancely reveals more in depth hierarchical and monological world that overwhelm the other voice of all characters. In that respect, the voice of all characters converge the argument of Dokgo Jun and his utterance has propaganda characteristics. The most important meaning in the utterance of characters is the question of whether revolution is possible in Korea, but his work does not specifically suggest what revolution means. The situation where it is impossible to find the signified from the signifier is in parallel with the situation where Dokgo Jun cannot find a place to call his hometown. This reflects the social atmosphere of the time when discourse on “freedom” and “democracy” was actively conducted in the 1960s, but there was no foundation for such ideas to be realized. Grey Man shows the characteristics of staying in the present time but continuously pursuing the past. Grey Man often deal with past events but do not directly reproduce past events. In other words, past moments are not directly reproduced through devices such as the flashback, but past scenes are indirectly mentioned through the current Dokgo Jun ritual. Many of the characters in the work are ignited and reasoned by hypothesis, when it is the past rather than the future that becomes the main object of the hypothesis. This work emphasizes the fact that an alternative present was possible through assumptions about the past, and shows that the present may not be the result of historical inevitability. This can be seen as an expression of criticism of contemporary discourse, which wanted to regard the 5ㆍ16 Coup d’état as a historical necessity.

한국어 학습자 쓰기 담화에 나타난 텍스트 장르별 시제상 습득 양상

심은지(Shim, Eun Ji) 담화·인지언어학회 2011 담화와 인지 Vol.18 No.3

This paper is to define the usage patterns of tense aspect on written discourse of Korean learners, proving whether the discourse hypothesis can also be applied to Korean learners’ writings. The discourse hypothesis suggests that speakers may distinguish foreground from background by using different tense aspects for discourse structures. To this end, the use of past tense in Korean learners’ writings was analysed in accordance with the proficiency level in using tense aspect and compared with that of native Korean speakers’ writings. In addition to this, recognizing that most of existing studies related with the discourse hypothesis were limited to the discourses in story retelling formats, this study tried to expand the coverage of target text genre: diary and travel essay. For this study, 54 Korean learners and 51 Korean native speakers were asked to write the two types of essays. The results were not the same as those of the previous studies, which probably is due to the influence of varied text context on the discourse structure.

중국인 한국어 학습자의 개인적 서사와 비개인적 서사 작문에 나타난 시상 습득 연구

전탁(錢卓) 담화·인지언어학회 2012 담화와 인지 Vol.19 No.3

The objective of this study is to observe the usage patterns of tense-aspect in personal narratives and impersonal narratives among Chinese learners of Korean based on the Discourse Hypothesis which explains the relationship of tense-aspect and discourse structure. The data in this study is from the narrative discourse written by Chinese learners. The way to control content is to have learners rewrite a caricature both as an impersonal narrator and as a character in the caricature. The results reveal that personal narratives offered more opportunities for background than impersonal narratives and the distribution of tense aspect in the background is more various than that in the foreground. Furthermore, the usage of tense aspect of advanced learners was more in conformity with the Discourse Hypothesis, and most of the low-level and intermediate-level learners often used the present rather than the past tense in the narratives because of the transfer of their native language.