실버 알지네이트의 Propionibacterium acnes에 대한 항균효과 연구

김미혜,정주임,나명순 한국피부과학연구원 2011 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.9 No.4

This study conducted low-molecularization of alginate to maximize antimicrobial effects and examined antimicrobial effects silver-alginate which substituted Ag+ for silver(Ag, organic antimicrobial) on Propionibacterium acnes. Antimicrobial effects of silver-alginate which was substituted by Ag+ in low-molecular alginate on P. acnes was identified by MIC. As a result, it was found that low-molecular alginate(MIC = 10,000 ㎍/㎖) and silver-alginate(MIC = 200 ㎍/㎖) had more excellent antimicrobial than lavender oil and tea tree oil which are well known for excellent antimicrobial(MIC = 20,000 ㎍/㎖). Concentration according to culture time of P. acnes was examined. As a result, concentration of silver-alginate was 0.10, 0.15, 0.21, 0.31, 0.48, and 1.01 by culture time. It indicates that it significantly inhibited the growth of P. acnes compared with the control group. Also, MIC and concentration according to culture time was measured in P. acne of alginate paste made of silver-alginate solution, and antimicrobial persistence was confirmed. acnes concentration, suggesting more excellent antimicrobial and persistent antimicrobial. This study conducted low-molecularization of alginate to maximize antimicrobial effects and examined antimicrobial effects silver-alginate which substituted Ag+ for silver(Ag, organic antimicrobial) on Propionibacterium acnes. Antimicrobial effects of silver-alginate which was substituted by Ag+ in low-molecular alginate on P. acnes was identified by MIC. As a result, it was found that low-molecular alginate(MIC = 10,000 ㎍/㎖) and silver-alginate(MIC = 200 ㎍/㎖) had more excellent antimicrobial than lavender oil and tea tree oil which are well known for excellent antimicrobial(MIC = 20,000 ㎍/㎖). Concentration according to culture time of P. acnes was examined. As a result, concentration of silver-alginate was 0.10, 0.15, 0.21, 0.31, 0.48, and 1.01 by culture time. It indicates that it significantly inhibited the growth of P. acnes compared with the control group. Also, MIC and concentration according to culture time was measured in P. acne of alginate paste made of silver-alginate solution, and antimicrobial persistence was confirmed. acnes concentration, suggesting more excellent antimicrobial and persistent antimicrobial.

유통되는 쇠고기에서 분리한 대장균의 항생제 내성 조사,연구 (2)

김홍태 ( Hong Tae Kim ),정경태 ( Kyung Tae Jung ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ),이근우 ( Keun Woo Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2009 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

In this study, antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolated from domestic beef on sale in Busan and Gyeongnam province was investigated from March to October 2008. A total of 400 beef samples were collected for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance, and 39 (9.8%) strains of E. coli were isolated. Antimicrobial resistance test was carried out by agar disc diffusion method with 17 antimicrobials. In general, E. coli isolates showed the highest antimicrobial resistance to tetracycline (85.3%), followed by doxycycline (76.5%), streptomycin (61.8%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (61.8%). Then they showed higher resistance to several antimicrobials like kanamycin and neomycin (55.9%). However, They had low antimicrobial resistance to amikacin (8.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2.9%). Of 39 isolates, 31 (79.5%) were resistant to more than 2 antimicrobials. Among 17 antimicrobials examined, tetracyclines were the most resistant, followed by aminoglycosides, sulfonamides. The resistance was seemed to be correlated to amounts of antimicrobial use. In the result of this study, we suggest that there be need to regulate the abuse of antimicrobial on food-producing animals in Korea because the concern on antimicrobial resistant is gradually increased worldwide.

유통되는 쇠고기에서 분리한 대장균의 항생제 내성 조사,연구

김홍태 ( Hong Tae Kim ),이우원 ( Woo Won Lee ),정경태 ( Kyung Tae Jung ),이승미 ( Seung Mee Lee ),손은정 ( Eun Jung Son ),이강록 ( Gang Rok Lee ),김금향 ( Geum Hyang Kim ),이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ),이근우 ( Keun Woo Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

In this study, antimicrobial resistance of E coli isolated from domestic beef on sale in Busan and Gyeongnam province was investigated from March to October 2007. A total of 600 beef samples were collected for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance, and 92(15.3%) strains of E coli were isolated. Antimicrobial resistance test was carried out by agar disc diffusion method with 17 antimicrobials. In general, E coli isolates showed the highest antimicrobial resistance to doxycycline(73.9%), followed by tetracycline(70.7%) andcefazolin(63.0%). Then they showed higher resistance to several antimicrobials like norfloxacin(48.9%). However, They had low antimicrobial resistance to amikacin(4.3%), colistin(1.1%). Of 92 isolates, 82(89.1%) were resistant to more than 2 antimicrobials. Among 17 antimicrobials examined, tetracyclines were the most resistant, followed by cephalosporins, quinolone. The resistance was seemed to be correlated to amounts of antimicrobial use. In the result of this study, we suggest that there be need to regulate the abuse of antimicrobial on food-producing animals in Korea because the concern on antimicrobial resistant is gradually increased worldwide.

감염성 심내막염에 이환되기 쉬운 소아에서 구강내 세균총에 대한 항균제 감수성 연구

박성환(Sung Hwan Park),신상훈(Sang Hun Shin),정인교(In Kyo Chung) 대한구강악안면외과학회 1999 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.25 No.2

The present study has been performed to evaluate 20 cardiopathy children and 20 healthy children s oral micorbes at the point of antimicrobial susceptibilities for antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent bacterial endocarditis. The results were as follows : 1. Both groups had similar oral microbes. 2. The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. viridans were: Penicillin< Oxacillin< Ampicillin< Cephalothin< Erythromycin< Clindamycin< Gentamicin< Ciprofloxacin< Vancomycin=Imipenem. The cardiopathy group was slightly lower antimicrobial susceptibility rates than healthy group. 3. The antimicrobial susceptibility of Neisseriaceae were: Clindamycin< Erythromycin< Vancomycin< Penicillin< Gentamicin< Cephalothin< Ciprofloxacin< Imipenem. The antibiotics of bacterial endocarditis antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for dental procedures according to the American Heart Association were generally lower antimicrobial susceptibilities, so they were considered inadequate for the first selective antibiotics and Imipemem was best suitable antimicrobials. Conclusively, when choose antimicrobials for treatment or antimicrobial prophylaxsis for bacterial endocarditis, surveillant culture must be performed to evaluated personal antimicrobial susceptibilities of intraoral microbes for proper antimicrobial choice for dental procedures.

The Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Days of Therapy in the Pediatric Center: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of a 19-Year Study

Kim Kyung-Ran,Park Hyo Jung,Baek Sun-Young,Choi Soo-Han,Lee Byung-Kee,Kim SooJin,Kim Jong Min,Kang Ji-Man,Kim Sun-Ja,Choi Sae Rom,Kim Dongsub,Choi Joon-sik,Yoon Yoonsun,Park Hwanhee,Kim Doo Ri,Shin Ar 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.21

Background: We aimed to analyze the effects of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) on the proportion of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in bacteremia, antimicrobial use, and mortality in pediatric patients. Methods: A retrospective single-center study was performed on pediatric inpatients under 19 years old who received systemic antimicrobial treatment from 2001 to 2019. A pediatric infectious disease attending physician started ASP in January 2008. The study period was divided into the pre-intervention (2001–2008) and the post-intervention (2009–2019) periods. The amount of antimicrobial use was defined as days of therapy per 1,000 patientdays, and the differences were compared using delta slope (= changes in slopes) between the two study periods by an interrupted time-series analysis. The proportion of resistant pathogens and the 30-day overall mortality rate were analyzed by the χ2 . Results: The proportion of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia increased from 17% (39 of 235) in the pre-intervention period to 35% (189 of 533) in the post-intervention period (P < 0.001). The total amount of antimicrobial use significantly decreased after the introduction of ASP (delta slope value = −16.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], −30.6 to −2.3; P = 0.049). The 30-day overall mortality rate in patients with bacteremia did not increase, being 10% (55 of 564) in the pre-intervention and 10% (94 of 941) in the post-intervention period (P = 0.881). Conclusion: The introduction of ASP for pediatric patients reduced the delta slope of the total antimicrobial use without increasing the mortality rate despite an increased incidence of ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteremia.

보문 : 편백정유의 항산화와 항균활성에 관한 연구

정지영 ( Ji Young Jung ),김한석 ( Han Suk Kim ),김경란 ( Kyeong Ran Kim ) 대한미용학회(구 대한미용과학회) 2010 대한미용학회지 Vol.6 No.4

Human body and the scalp of internal, external or when symptoms occur, which often make acne and cause inflammation, Demodex in the skin, such as parasitic skin flora Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes on the wall directly by stimulating hair follicles go into the dermis, causing skin irritation leads to inflammation. In this study, using Hinoki Cypress Oil Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of skin flora and to learn, skin toner manufacturer in the clinical trials for skin flora, and antimicrobial activity by measuring the absorbance, Salmonella typhimurium Ames test carried out by using the functions were verified. Results of this study Hinoki Cypress Oil on DPPH free radical scavenging activity of 5 μL/mL in the 7.93±0.07%, 10 μL/mL and 15.49±0.18%, 20 μL/mL and 17.57±0.23%, 40 μL/mL and 20.98±0.54%, 80 μL/mL in the 28.06±0.69% appeared to have antioxidant benefits were concentration-dependent manner. However, as a result of low levels of Hinoki Cypress Oil scavenging of SC50 did not represent a positive daejomuljilin the BHT 0.1 mg/mL of the scavenging rate of 74.89±0.64% respectively. Hinoki Cypress Oil Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in S. aureus appeared as a 0.02%, S. epidermidis and P. acnes is determined by the 0.01% S. aureus was higher than the Sensibility. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of S. epidermidis were determined from the 0.03%, 0.04% did not show a survival Strains. P. acnes in the 0.04% was 99.9% almost completely inactivated S. aureus of the Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) that was not identified. Antimicrobial activity in verification Hinoki Cypress Oil 10% from 20% show restraint in the fungus P. acnes on the two antimicrobial S. aureus and S. epidermidis to the antimicrobial activity than the three strains appear to be a very good chance that the antimicrobial functions Hinoki Cypress Oil concentration increases, respectively. Antimicrobial for skin flora and growth inhibitory concentration of skin flora skin toner P. acnes, S. epidermidis, S. aureus appeared in order, the higher the concentration, application time is longer, showed higher antimicrobial. Using the genetic toxicological safety of Salmonella typhimurium in comparison with the results of control samples by the colony counts could not see the difference between the speech was considered so. In this study, Hinoki Cypress Oil on the skin flora Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity with low concentrations found to be very high in the scalp and skin which are used in functional cosmetics have been suggested as a possibility.

다제내성 그람음성균 감염의 항생제 치료

강철인 ( Cheol In Kang ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회지 Vol.88 No.5

The incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria has increased over the past decade and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) infections are now on the rise, especially in non-fermenters such as Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species. Unfortunately, our therapeutic options for these pathogens are extremely limited. Infections due to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are associated with a greater likelihood of inappropriate antimicrobial therapy, which has adverse effects on the outcomes of patients with serious infections. Physicians who are treating immunocompromised patients should be aware of not only the current epidemiological status of antimicrobial resistance but also appropriate antimicrobial therapy for MDR pathogens. Although carbapenems are considered a mainstay for the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) or AmpC β-lactamase-producing pathogens, antimicrobial stewardship for the appropriate use of carbapenems should be implemented to preserve these important antimicrobial agents. For carbapenem-resistant XDR infections, colistin and tigecycline could be considered a therapeutic option, based on the in vitro antibacterial spectrum, although the optimum treatment has not been established. This review provides a recent update of the antimicrobial therapeutic strategies for serious infections due to MDR or XDR Gram-negative bacteria, such as ESBL-producers and carbapenem-resistant pathogens. (Korean J Med 2015;88:502-508)

항생제와 항생제 내성 슈퍼박테리아

신은주 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2017 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.40 No.3

Antimicrobials were one of the great invention of modern era. However, the abuse of antimicrobial both in human and animals has led to a high rate of occurrence of antimicrobial resistant microbes. Disease treatment caused by antimicrobial resistant microbes including superbacteria has emerged as critical issue worldwide. Communication and cooperation among researchers in diverse fields are needed to solve the resistance to antimicrobials. Culture Collection of Antimicrobial Resistant Microbes (CCARM) has taken a leadership role an intermediary among various research fields by providing certified antimicrobial resistant microbes with their information since 1999. CCARM collects antimicrobial resistant microbes from clinical, agricultural animals and products, and environmental fields, and classifies and stores them according to their origins, species and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. CCARM is performing the roles (collection, deposit, preservation, distribution, service, and consulting) of Biological Resource Center designated by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Acinetobacter spp. Isolates from Retail Meat Samples under Campylobacter- Selective Conditions

( Min-hyeok Cha ),( Sun Hee Kim ),( Seokhwan Kim ),( Woojung Lee ),( Hyo-sun Kwak ),( Young-min Chi ),( Gun-jo Woo ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.5

Acinetobacter strains are widely present in the environment. Some antimicrobial-resistant strains of this genus have been implicated in infections acquired in hospitals. Genetic similarities have been reported between Acinetobacter strains in nosocomial infections and those isolated from foods. However, the antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter strains in foods, such as meat, remains unclear. This study initially aimed to isolate Campylobacter strains; instead, strains of the genus Acinetobacter were isolated from meat products, and their antimicrobial resistance was investigated. In total, 58 Acinetobacter strains were isolated from 381 meat samples. Of these, 32 strains (38.6%) were from beef, 22 (26.5%) from pork, and 4 (4.8%) from duck meat. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that 12 strains were resistant to more than one antimicrobial agent, whereas two strains were multidrug-resistant; both strains were resistant to colistin. Cephalosporin antimicrobials showed high minimal inhibitory concentration against Acinetobacter strains. Resfinder analysis showed that one colistin-resistant strain carried mcr-4.3; this plasmid type was not confirmed, even when analyzed with PlasmidFinder. Analysis of the contig harboring mcr-4.3 using BLAST confirmed that this contig was related to mcr-4.3 of Acinetobacter baumannii. The increase in antimicrobial resistance in food production environments increases the resistance rate of Acinetobacter strains present in meat, inhibits the isolation of Campylobacter strains, and acts as a medium for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance in the environment. Therefore, further investigations are warranted to prevent the spread of antimicrobial resistance in food products.

Nano-graphene oxide incorporated into PMMA resin to prevent microbial adhesion

Lee, Jung-Hwan,Jo, Jeong-Ki,Kim, Dong-Ae,Patel, Kapil Dev,Kim, Hae-Won,Lee, Hae-Hyoung Elsevier 2018 Dental materials Vol.34 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>Although polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is widely used as a dental material, a major challenge of using this substance is its poor antimicrobial (anti-adhesion) effects, which increase oral infections. Here, graphene-oxide nanosheets (nGO) were incorporated into PMMA to introduce sustained antimicrobial-adhesive effects by increasing the hydrophilicity of PMMA.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>After characterizing nGO and nGO-incorporated PMMA (up to 2wt%) in terms of morphology and surface characteristics, 3-point flexural strength and hardness were evaluated. The anti-adhesive effects were determined for 4 different microbial species with experimental specimens and the underlying anti-adhesive mechanism was investigated by a non-thermal oxygen plasma treatment. Sustained antimicrobial-adhesive effects were characterized with incubation in artificial saliva for up to 28 days.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The typical nanosheet morphology was observed for nGO. Incorporating nGO into PMMA roughened its surface and increased its hydrophilicity without compromising flexural strength or surface hardness. An anti-adhesive effect after 1h of exposure to microbial species in artificial saliva was observed in nGO-incorporated specimens, which accelerated with increasing levels of nGO without significant cytotoxicity to oral keratinocytes. Plasma treatment of native PMMA demonstrated that the antimicrobial-adhesive effects of nGO incorporation were at least partially due to increased hydrophilicity, not changes in the surface roughness. A sustained antimicrobial-adhesive property against <I>Candida albicans</I> was observed in 2% nGO for up to 28 days.</P> <P><B>Significance</B></P> <P>The presence of sustained anti-adhesion properties in nGO-incorporated PMMA without loading any antimicrobial drugs suggests the potential usefulness of this compound as a promising antimicrobial dental material for dentures, orthodontic devices and provisional restorative materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) incorporating nano-sized graphene oxide (nGO) led to improved mechanical properties. </LI> <LI> PMMA incorporating nGO exhibited an anti-adhesive effect against microbial species in artificial saliva. </LI> <LI> An increase in hydrophilicity was considered a possible mechanism of the antimicrobial-adhesive effects of nGO-PMMA. </LI> <LI> A sustained antimicrobial-adhesive effect was observed for up to 28 days. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>