The development of a team building program for korean curling team

( Youngsook Kim ),( Sanghyuk Park ),( Taewhan Kim ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2017 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.29 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop and apply a team building program for a curling team through needs assessment. The participants in this study were 69 high-school, college, professional, and national curling athletes for the needs assessment, 4 sport psychologists and 2 curling experts for verifying the validity of the program, and 5 curling athletes of professional curling teams for the application of the team building program. The needs assessment data were analyzed by inductive content analysis. The team building program was developed based on the results of needs assessment, goal setting of the team building program, and a selection of activities for the team building program. The team building program was applied to five curling players for 7 sessions. Team cohesion, team efficacy, and effective communication were measured two times (i.e., pre and post) to examine the effects of team building intervention. The results of needs assessment indicated interpersonal relationship, communication, and performance were necessary factors for team building. Consequently, goals of the team building program were to improve communication and interpersonal relationships. Team building activities were selected through team building literature review and expert meetings. Secondly, the team building intervention had a positive influence on team cohesion, team efficacy, and communication. These results indicated that team building would positively contribute to team factors and team performance.

The development of a team building program for korean curling team

김영숙,박상혁,김태완 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2017 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.29 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop and apply a team building program for a curling team through needs assessment. The participants in this study were 69 high-school, college, professional, and national curling athletes for the needs assessment, 4 sport psychologists and 2 curling experts for verifying the validity of the program, and 5 curling athletes of professional curling teams for the application of the team building program. The needs assessment data were analyzed by inductive content analysis. The team building program was developed based on the results of needs assessment, goal setting of the team building program, and a selection of activities for the team building program. The team building program was applied to five curling players for 7 sessions. Team cohesion, team efficacy, and effective communication were measured two times (i.e., pre and post) to examine the effects of team building intervention. The results of needs assessment indicated interpersonal relationship, communication, and performance were necessary factors for team building. Consequently, goals of the team building program were to improve communication and interpersonal relationships. Team building activities were selected through team building literature review and expert meetings. Secondly, the team building intervention had a positive influence on team cohesion, team efficacy, and communication. These results indicated that team building would positively contribute to team factors and team performance.

병원조직구성원의 팀빌딩(Team Building)에 대한 지식과 태도

김나리,지성애 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2002 중앙간호논문집 Vol.6 No.1

The purposes of this study, by one way of organizational development to increase the productivity of hospital and nursing organizations, are to find out the knowledge and attitude about tenm building of hospital members and to provide the basic data for helping of team building education, practice, and research. Data was collected by questionnaire from the subject; 103 nurses of nursing part, 81 members related medical treatment, 70 members nonrelated medical treatment in one university hospital in Seoul, from 1 Sept to 10 Sept, 2000. Measuring tool of the knowledge and attitude about team building developed by the author of this study was used. Data was processed by SAS 6.12 of electric compuing statistics. The whole items were calculated with frequency and percentage. and ANOVA were used to test the difference in knowledge and attitude about team building among groups classified by the characteristics. Pearson correlation coefficiency was used to analyze the knowledge and attitude about team building, The results of this study were as follows; 1. The mean score for the knowledge about team building of hospital members was 0.823 and standard deviation was 0.147, by correct answer being to 1 poing ant incorect answer being to 0 point. 2. The mean score for the attitude about team building of hospital members was 3.28 and standard deviation was 0.354, with the maximum score set at 4 points. 3. The analysis of the level of the knowledge about team building according to characteristics of the subjects showed statistically significant differences in sex(t=2.68, p<.0.01), working part(F=2.37, p<0.05), school career(F=4.20, p<0.01), and yes or no of team activity(t=2.28, p<0.05). 4. The analysis of the level of the attitude about team building according to characteristics of the subjects showed statistically significant differences in age (F=2.63, p<0.05), working experience(f=2.03, p<0.05), position (F=1.92, p<0.05), and school career(F=2.55, p<0.05). 5. In the correlation, the knowledge and attitude about team building were not correlated with a statistical significance(r=0.08477, p=0.1781). Upon the studying results above, the following opinions are suggested. 1. The study should be conducted to increase the validity and reliability of measuring tool of the knowledge and attitude about team building. 2. The education should be conducted to increase the Knowledge about team building, therefore the study is requested to test effeciveness of education in nursing and hospital organization. 3. It is necessary to study about experiences and effctiveness of team building.

청소년 여자축구팀을 위한 스포츠 팀구축프로그램의 개발

김영숙 ( Young Sook Kim ) 한국스포츠심리학회 2010 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.21 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 스포츠 팀구축프로그램 개발 시 요구사항을 분석하고, 팀구축프로그램의 모형과 활동을 구성하여 팀구축프로그램을 개발하는데 있다. 스포츠 팀구축프로그램 개발을 위하여 요구조사 분석단계에서 중고등학교 여자축구선수 64명의 청소년 여자축구선수와 프로그램 개발의 타당성과 신뢰성 제고를 위한 전문가 회의를 위해 축구전문가 3인과 스포츠심리학자 3인으로 구성된 전문가 6인이 참여하여, 총 70명을 연구참여자로 선정하였다. 연구 절차는 팀구축프로그램 요구조사 및 분석과 프로그램 모형 개발 및 내용 구성의 2단계로 구성하였다. 이상의 연구절차를 통하여 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 팀구축프로그램에 요구되는 요인 탐색 결과 팀구축 강화요인은 의사소통, 팀내 대인관계, 팀목표로, 팀구축 저해요인은 팀내 대인관계와 의사소통으로 나타났다. 둘째, 요구분석 결과에 기초하여 팀구축프로그램의 목표는 팀내 대인관계와 의사소통으로 설정하였다. 셋째, 팀구축프로그램의 모형 및 내용구성은 팀구축 목표설정, 대인관계 변화, 의사소통 변화의 3단계 10주 활동으로 구성되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 스포츠 팀구축프로그램은 향후 팀구축프로그램 관련 연구의 기초 정보를 제공하고 스포츠 현장에서 스포츠심리학자와 지도자에 의해 활용될 것이라고 생각된다. This study was to develop sport team-building program for youth female football team through assessing the needs of sport team-building program. The research participants were 64 youth female football players for needs assessment, 3 soccer specialists, and 3 sport psychologists for expert conferences. Team-building program for youth female football team was developed through needs assessment, goal setting of team-building program, and selection of team-building program activities through review of previous researches in team building intervention and expert conferences. The results of the study were as follows: Firstly, as the result of needs assessment team-building factors were interpersonal relationship in team members and communication. Secondly, the goals of team-building program were enhancement of interpersonal skills, communication skills, and achievement of team-goals. Thirdly, team-building program consisted of 3 stages for 10 weeks which were team building goal setting, change in interpersonal relationship, and change in communication. The developed team-building program in this study will be fundamental information for future team-building intervention researches and will be used by sport psychologists and coaches in sport field.

Team Building Intervention for a College Ice Hockey Team: Focused on Interpersonal Relationship and Role Clarification

권상현,육동원,최재섭 한국스포츠심리학회 2018 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Purpose: The present study was designed to improve interpersonal relationships between team members and to clarify team members' roles for the enhancement of team processes and functions in a college ice hockey team through the team building intervention. Methods: Twenty five ice hockey players participated in the team building intervention program. The program consisted of ten sessions which were based on previous research and was conducted once a week at the athlete’s dormitory for ten weeks. The questionnaires (Interpersonal Relationship Questionnaire, Role Perception Questionnaire), the experience report, and the in-depth interview were used as measures to verify the effects of the team building intervention. The paired t-test and the inductive analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The level of the interpersonal relationships tended to increase. However, only two factors, satisfaction and sensibility, were statistically significant. In general, the level of the role clarification was statistically non-significant. Only the role conflict factor tended to decrease whereas two factors (role ambiguity, role over load) tended to increase. Intriguingly, the role overload factor was significantly increased. Moreover, the formation of a climate of positive interactions within the team, the establishment of positive interpersonal relationships among teammates, the enhancement of team coordination, and the clarification of the team members' roles were revealed through the experience-report and the in-depth interview. Conclusion: In conclusion, the team building intervention helped team members establish positive interpersonal relationships among teammates, especially seniors and juniors, and clarify team members' roles in the team. Ultimately, it could enhance team processes and functions as well as optimal team performance.

Team Building Intervention for a College Ice Hockey Team: Focused on Interpersonal Relationship and Role Clarification

( Sanghyun Kwon ),( Dongwon Yook ),( Jaesub Choi ) 한국스포츠심리학회 2018 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Purpose: The present study was designed to improve interpersonal relationships between team members and to clarify team members' roles for the enhancement of team processes and functions in a college ice hockey team through the team building intervention. Methods: Twenty five ice hockey players participated in the team building intervention program. The program consisted of ten sessions which were based on previous research and was conducted once a week at the athlete’s dormitory for ten weeks. The questionnaires (Interpersonal Relationship Questionnaire, Role Perception Questionnaire), the experience report, and the in-depth interview were used as measures to verify the effects of the team building intervention. The paired t-test and the inductive analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The level of the interpersonal relationships tended to increase. However, only two factors, satisfaction and sensibility, were statistically significant. In general, the level of the role clarification was statistically non-significant. Only the role conflict factor tended to decrease whereas two factors (role ambiguity, role over load) tended to increase. Intriguingly, the role overload factor was significantly increased. Moreover, the formation of a climate of positive interactions within the team, the establishment of positive interpersonal relationships among teammates, the enhancement of team coordination, and the clarification of the team members' roles were revealed through the experience-report and the in-depth interview. Conclusion: In conclusion, the team building intervention helped team members establish positive interpersonal relationships among teammates, especially seniors and juniors, and clarify team members' roles in the team. Ultimately, it could enhance team processes and functions as well as optimal team performance.

신입생 학생선수의 대학 생활과 팀 적응에 초점을 맞춘 팀 빌딩 프로그램 개발 및 적용

최재섭,권상현,황재욱 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2017 체육과학연구 Vol.28 No.4

[Purpose] This study was designed to develop a team building program that helps freshmen student-athletes to adapt to college life and enhance team function and process and to examine the effects of this program. It could provide basic information of a team building program that effectively accelerates team function in the college team sports domain. [Methods] The program was developed through this process. First, an open-ended questionnaire was utilized to discover the needs of the program. Second, the results of needs of the program and important factors of team-building program were taken into consideration. Third, expert meetings were conducted. Consequently, the program consisted of three stages of total 10 sessions which was 90 min long. The questionnaires(Group Cohesion Questionnaire and Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire), experience report, and program evaluation form were used as measures to identify the effects of the developed program. SPSS version 24.0 and inductive analysis were used to analyze the data. [Results] The results of this study are as follows. First, there was no statistically significant influence between developed program and the level of group cohesion. In contrast, the level of coach-athlete interaction was significantly increased. Second, the analysis of experience report revealed that this program reduced interpersonal conflict between team members and formed positive interpersonal relationship by mind of respect and consideration. [Conclusion] In conclusion, the hierarchical culture was strongly formed and team member suffered from the dual role of athlete and student in Korean college team sports. Thus, these should be resolved in order to enhance team function and process. As a results, this process could increase team performance as well as offer psychological stability to college student-athletes. [목적] 본 연구의 목적은 대학교 신입생 학생선수의 대학 생활 및 팀 적응을 돕고 팀의 기능과 과정을 강화할 수 있는 팀 빌딩 프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과를 검증함으로써, 대학교 스포츠팀의 기능을 효과적으로 촉진할 수 있는 팀 빌딩 프로그램의 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. [방법] 본 연구는 국내 대학교 스포츠팀 선수와 지도자 대상으로 진행되었다. 프로그램은 개방형 설문지를 통해 요구분석을 하고 그 결과와 팀 빌딩 프로그램의 주요요소를 고려하여 전문가회의를 통하여 개발되었다. 프로그램 내 활동들은 선행연구를 참고하고 현장에 맞도록 수정 보완하여 구성되었다. 이와 같은 과정으로 프로그램은 총 3단계 10회기로 구성되었다. 개발된 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 두 가지 종류의 검사지(집단응집력, 코치-선수 상호작용), 경험보고서, 그리고 프로그램 평가지가 활용되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS version 24.0과 귀납적 범주분석 절차에 따라 자료의 목적에 맞게 분석되었다. [결과] 본 연구에서 나타난 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학교 신입 선수들의 적응에 필요한 요인은 의사소통, 이타심, 긍정적 대인관계, 동기부여, 학교생활로 나타났고 방해요인은 부정적 대인관계, 위계적 문화, 환경변화, 이중역할로 나타났다. 둘째, 집단 응집력 수준에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았고, 코치-선수 상호작용 수준에서는 사전과 사후, 사전과 추후 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 경험보고서 분석결과 프로그램은 팀 구성원 간의 갈등을 줄이고 존중과 배려의 마음을 끌어내 긍정적인 대인관계 형성에 영향을 미쳤다. [결론] 국내 대학교 스포츠팀에는 견고한 위계적 문화가 형성되어 있으므로 차후 팀 빌딩 프로그램 개발 시 위계적 문화가 긍정적인 방향으로 작용하여 기능적인 팀을 구축할 수 있도록 해야겠다. 그리고 구성원들의 이중역할(운동, 학업)에 대한 어려움을 해결하여 개개인의 안정된 심리가 팀에 투영되어 팀의 기능과 전력을 강화할 수 있도록 도와야겠다. 마지막으로 이러한 과정은 대학교 스포츠팀의 경기력 향상과 선수들의 심리적 안정에 이바지 할 것으로 생각된다.

대학 농구팀의 응집력 및 커뮤니케이션 능력향상, 자아 성찰을 위한 팀 빌딩 프로그램 개발 및 적용

석류(Ryu Seok) 한국발육발달학회 2021 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.29 No.4

This study is aimed to develop and apply a team building program for the improvement of team cohesion and communicative skills and self-examination in university basketball teams and verify the effectiveness in order to promote the study participants’ growth and provide foundational material for research on sports team building. Through interviewing with university basketball team coaches and meeting with an expert group, a team building program with seven sessions for team cohesion, team communication, and self-examination was constructed and then verified for its effectiveness. To verify the effectiveness, structuralized examination sheets (team cohesion, team communication, & self-examination) and experience reports were utilized, and after operating the program, group counseling was carried out about their experience of the program and their growth, and the details were recorded and analyzed. The examination sheets used underwent pre- & post-analysis with SPSS Ver.21 through frequency analysis and nonparametric statistics, and experience reports and materials about group counseling were analyzed inductively through meeting with the expert group. According to the findings, team cohesion, team communication, and self-examination were found to indicate partial difference, and concerning qualitative data, the analysis has shown that they attained the goal in Step 1 (listening carefully, communication, respect, cooperation, & harmony), Step 2 (self-awareness, the importance of compliments, role clarification, positive communication, & the importance of communication among team members), and Step 3 (the team and individuals’ goal setting) respectively.

Causal Model for Team Building Strategy in the MCT(Multidisciplinary Care Team)

Byung-Nam Yu 한국산업경제학회 2010 산업경제연구 Vol.23 No.3

경영혁신에 있어 팀제는 핵심적 제도로 인식되고 있다. 직무환경의 복잡한 특성이 조직으로 하여금 경쟁력 강화를 위한 대안으로서 팀제를 도입하도록 하기 때문이다. 팀제는 사회의 전 분야로 확산되고 있는데 의료분야에서도 팀 진료 접근방법의 가치가 많은 연구에서 확인되고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 연구들은 팀워크나 팀 성과에 관한 특정 측면에 초점을 두고 있다. 반면, 진료에 있어서 다양한 전문가로 구성되는 다원적 진료팀(MCT: Multidisciplinary Care Team)의 팀워크를 위한 체계적 접근방법은 확립되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 아울러 개인주의와 권위주의로 상징되는 의료분야의 문화적 전통도 MCT의 역량과 활동에 제약을 주게 된다(Amalberti el al., 2005). 이는 결과적으로 MCT를 통한 환자중심진료의 근거를 제한하고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는, MCT 팀워크에 관련되는 변수들 사이의 상호관계성을 고려한 체계적 방법론에 의하여 팀 역학관계가 분석되어야 한다(Jünger et al., 2007). 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 다음과 같은 세 가지 연구목적을 가지고 있다. 첫째, MCT의 필요성과 실제, 한계와 문제점들을 검토하고 둘째, MCT 성과에 관계되는 요인과 과정을 탐색한다. 셋째, 실증조사를 통하여 MCT 역학관계의 인과관계를 제시하는 것이다. MCT는 산업계의 팀과는 전혀 다르다. 산업계의 팀 구성원들은 팀원으로서 단일의 지위, 책임, 직무를 가지고 있고, 팀장에 의하여 평가받을 것이다. 그러나 종합병원의 MCT 구성원들은 일반적으로 팀 구성원과 기능적 부문의 구성원으로서 이중의 지위, 책임과 의무를 유지하고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 MCT에 있어서는 더욱 향상된 노력이 필요하고 다양한 분야의 전문가들을 통합할 수 있는 추진전략이 필요한 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 측면을 ‘팀 요인’과 ‘팀 과정’으로 개념화하였다. 팀 성과는 ‘운용적 성과’, ‘팀 구성원의 만족’, ‘조직몰입’으로 유형화하였다. 연구자료는 종합병원에 소속되어 있는 MCT 구성원들에 대한 조사를 통하여 수집되었다. 총 500부의 설문지가 배포되어 210부가 회수되었는데(방문조사) 부적절한 설문지 25부를 제외한 185부가 최종적으로 분석되었다. 실증분석 결과는 정교하게 설계된 팀 전략이 MCT 관리에 적용되어야 함을 제시하고 있다. LISREL을 이용한 모델경쟁 결과, 팀 요인은 필요조건이고 팀 요인에 기반한 팀 과정이 팀 성과를 향상시키는 충분조건이라는 것이다. 이것이 본 연구의 핵심이다. 결론적으로 MCT의 팀워크를 확보하기 위해서는 MCT의 목표, 필요성, 참가 및 MCT구성원으로서의 역할, 가치, 팀원으로서의 목표 등에 대한 충분한 이해를 통하여 실체로서의 팀을 구축하고 팀 리더십과 의사소통을 통하여 MCT의 “팀다움(teamness)”을 육성해야 한다는 것이다. In today's competitive environment, team organization has been recognized as a core practice to success for organization. The complex nature of job environment has pushed the introduction of team as an alternative for organization to strengthen the competitiveness. Recently, the added value of team care approach has been demonstrated in a number of studies. However, most studies focused on the particular aspects concerning teamwork or team performance, whereas a systematic approach for multi-professional teamwork in healthcare delivery has not been established. Additionally, healthcare's cultural tradition of individualism and autonomy usually restrains the multidisciplinary care team's capacity and activity. As a results, critical gaps have limited the evidence base for promoting the patient-focus care practices by means of MCT(Multidisciplinary Care Team). MCT(Multidisciplinary Care Team} in healthcare is very different from the team in business. Team's member in business may has only one position, responsibility, and job description as a team's member. And, at the same time, he or she may be evaluated by the team supervisor. However, MCT's members in general hospital generally sustain the dual position, responsibility, and duty as a MCT's member and as a functional member. Therefore, MCT in healthcare needs an enhanced effort to communicate with each other, and needs an empowered leadership to integrate the cross-functional professionals. This paper conceptualizes these aspects as 'team factor' and 'team process'. This paper modified and synthesized the concepts and measurements of team factors and processes based on the prior research, and classified team performance into operational performance, team member's satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Research data was gathered through surveys of MCT's members in the Korean general hospitals. This paper focused on the teams responsible for the medical patient-care in general hospital. A total of 500 questionnaires were sent out and 210 questionnaires were returned. The response rate was 42%(visiting survey). Excluding the 25 invalid questionnaires, a total of 185 valid responses were analyzed. The empirical results suggest that well-designed team strategies should be put into the MCT. After testing the measurement model and hypothetical relationships by LISREL, team factor might be a prerequisite. Therefore, team process based on the team factor might be a sufficient condition to the team performance. That is the keynote of this paper. Conclusionally, to secure the teamwork in MCT, we have to build the team formation that is accomplished by the understanding of MCT's goal, necessity, participation and recognition of role, value, target as a MCT's member. After that, by means of team leadership and communication, we have to cultivate "the teamness" on the MCT.

프로축구 유스팀의 응집력 향상을 위한 팀빌딩프로그램 개발

황성하(HwangSung-ha) 한국체육학회 2017 한국체육학회지 Vol.56 No.5

이 연구의 목적은 프로축구 유스팀의 응집력 향상을 위한 팀빌딩프로그램을 개발하는데 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 ‘목표수립’과 ‘프로그램 구성’, 그리고 ‘예비연구’로 구성된 세 단계의 프로그램 개발절차를 진행하였다. 그 결과, 첫 번째 단계에서는 프로축구 유스팀 선수들의 응집력을 향상시킬 수 있는 팀빌딩프로그램의 목표가 수립되었는데, 그것은 크게 다섯 가지로 ‘대인관계’, ‘긍정적 상호작용’, ‘성취감’, 사회적 책임감‘, 그리고 ’외적지원‘이었다. 두 번째 단계에서는 수용성과 접근성, 그리고 목표달성에 대한 기여도를 선정기준으로 팀빌딩프로그램의 활동내용이 일차적으로 구성되었다. 활동내용에는 ‘대인관계’, ‘긍정적 상호작용’, ‘성취감’, ‘사회적 책임감’ 그리고 ‘외적지원’을 향상시킬 수 있는 이 프로그램의 목표가 포함되었다. 마지막 세 번째 단계에서는 일차적으로 구성된 팀빌딩프로그램의 효과성과 적용 가능성을 검증하기 위해 ‘예비연구’를 실시하였고, 이를 통해 나타난 결과를 바탕으로 수정·보완되어 총 15차시의 활동내용이 최종구성되었다. The purpose of this study is to develop a team building program to improve the cohesion of the youth soccer team. In order to accomplish this purpose of study, we conducted three stages of program development, including 'goal setting', 'program composition', and 'preliminary research'. In the first stage, five goals were established for the team building program. The five goals are 'interpersonal relationship', 'positive interaction', 'sense of accomplishment', 'social responsibility' and 'external support'. In the second phase, the activities of the team building program were constructed based on the criteria of acceptability, accessibility, and contribution to achievement of goals. Activities that can achieve the goals of this program included 'interpersonal relationship', 'positive interaction', 'sense of accomplishment', 'social responsibility', and 'external support'. In the third stage, 'preliminary research' was conducted to verify the effectiveness and applicability of the primary team building program, and the contents of the fifteen activity periods were finalized based on the results of the preliminary research.