학생선수의 운동부 정체성 형성과정과 의미

김한범(Kim, Han-Beom),권순용(Kwon, Sun-Yong) 한국체육과학회 2018 한국체육과학회지 Vol.27 No.5

The athletic team identity experiences of the research participants had been organized in the order of the time. And, based on this, the total of the 5 phases of the process of the formation of the identity of the athletic team, including ‘the exploration of the identity’, ‘the injection of the identity by another person’, ‘the confirmation of the identity’, ‘the crisis of the identity’, and ‘the reorganization of the identity’, were arrived at. In the phase of ‘the exploration of the identity’, as the phase for deciding whether to participate in the athletic team, in earnest, as the student athletes, in this process, the student athletes had experienced the opposition due to the negative recognition regarding the athletic team or the student athletes. In the phase of ‘the injection of the identity by another person’, the research participants had the experience of adapting to the preexistent order. In the phase of ‘the confirmation of the identity’, as the newcomers, the research participants had been experiencing the identifications with the preexistent constituent members through the mistakes and the wits and the self-awareness as the members of the athletic team through the interaction rituals. In the phase of ‘the identity challenge’, while experiencing the process of gradually getting accustomed to the identity that had been acquired after the identity of the athletic team had been organized, they get around to possessing the dissatisfaction, too, regarding the pre-existent identity. In the phase of ‘the reorganization of the identity’, when they had the role as the seniors of the athletic team, the research participants had adjusted the preexistent identity of the athletic team and had the experience of endeavoring to change this.

팀 다양성 수렴 메커니즘이 팀 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 이론적 고찰

김문주(Moon Joo Kim),윤정구(Jeong Koo Yoon) 한국경영학회 2011 經營學硏究 Vol.40 No.1

In recent years many organizations tend to be more diverse in terms of gender, age, functional background, educational background, tenure and so forth. The increase of diversity in workforce has indeed become inevitable reality. However, relevant studies on the relationship between diversity and performance have indicated contrasting arguments. Some argue that task-related diversity produces positive effects on performance by incorporating various ideas and perspectives for problem solving and innovation, whereas personal-related diversity dampens performance due to the lack of communication and subgroup conflict. To resolve this controversy, this study proposes the moderation effect of diversity convergence mechanism on performance, which is mobilized by sharing task knowledge and team identity. Specifically, we propose that team diversity can enact a role of synergy for team performance under such convergence mechanisms. Shared task knowledge about key elements of the team`s relevant environment may enhance team members` coordination and effectiveness in performing tasks that are complex and unpredictable. Shared team identity would also make team members to share team`s vision, mission, value, and objective which help solving various kinds of problem that shared task knowledge could not solve entirely. Team members who share similar task knowledge and identity can anticipate each other`s responses and coordinate effectively. A majority of existing research, however, has studied the influence of diversity and shared task knowledge/team identity independently - how workforce diversity influence on team performance positively or negatively and how sharing of task knowledge and team identity have a positive effect on team performance. This study proposes an integrated model that would combine the two different research. That is, if diversity would be defined as the mechanism that can lead a divergent effect to produce various information and knowledge, diversity could bring a synergy effect on team performance only when the divergent resource could be integrated with shared task knowledge and team identity as a convergence mechanism. The sharing task knowledge and team identity could play a critical moderating role to integrate the divergent diversity effect. If the team diversity is regarded as various human capital, the sharing of task knowledge and team identity would be the convergence mechanism to utilize diversity positively. It is in a high level of shard task knowledge and shared team identity that task-related diversities (i.e., functional background, educational background, and team tenure) lead to team performance. In the personal-related diversities (i.e., gender, age, and birthplace), however, shared task knowledge may not play the convergence mechanism enough to override the negative effect of personal-related diversity; only shared team identity mitigates negative effects and thus utilizes diversity`s positive potential. In conclusion, we need to understand the processes through which and the conditions under which diversity may bring high team performance. The clarification of when and how diversity would bring some positive or negative effect has been big concern and diversity management is desperately required for maximizing positive potentials and mitigating negative effect of diversity. Even though diversity might have positive potential in a long-term, it would not be easy to utilize diversity effectively in the workplace until we can address the mechanism of it correctly. We also discussed the managerial implications of our claims.

대학스포츠팀의 비주얼 아이덴티티 체계화에 관한 연구 - 대학농구팀을 중심으로 -

이정윤 한국일러스아트학회 2016 조형미디어학 Vol.19 No.4

This study considered the basketball teams of the top 10 universities in booth Korea and U.S. as the subjects of this study in order to research the brand system of visual identity from the university sports teams. The elements of detailed analysis from the visual identity of sports teams are university logos, athletics marks, seals, colors, mascots, uniforms, and names of each teams. These are categorized and analyzed. The results of this study shows that the visual identity system of the university teams in Korea uses the same Monolithic Identity System(MIS) as the visual identity in universities does. Monolithic Identity System(MIS) develops in a standardized form to emphasize unification, simplification, and fixation because of economic feasibility, efficiency, and management and has the weak point for flexibility adapted to the new environments to be controlled by the manual of the integrated design. On the other hand, identity system of university sports in U.S. has Flexible Identity System (FIS) with integration, scalability, and openness of visual expression maintaining the essential identity. Most universities also name after the names of the regions, and the differentiation of products based on the local area as the marketing strategics creates the sameness between the consuming university teams and fans in communities and gives unforgettable branding experiences to their customers. U.S. has two organizations; one is NCAA(National Collegiate Athletic Association) which manages the university sports, the other is CLC(Collegiate Licensing Company) which takes care of development, protection, and management of the university sports teams’ brand. Because of continuous and systematic sports marketing strategics the largest voluntary fan bases are created, and the synergy effect interlocked with flexible identity system leads to the success of U.S. university sports. 본 연구에서는 대학스포츠팀의 브랜드 비주얼아이덴티티의 체계화를 위해 한국대학의 상위 10위권대학과 미국의 상위 10위권 대학들의 농구팀을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 스포츠팀의 비주얼아이덴티티의 세부 분석요소로는 대학로고, 체육마크, 인장, 컬러, 마스코트, 유니폼, 그리고 팀네임으로 분류하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 한국 대학스포츠팀의 비주얼아이덴티티 시스템은 대학의 비주얼아이덴티티 시스템과 거의 동일하게 단일된 아이덴티티 시스템(Monolithic Identity System)을 사용하고 있다. 단일체계 아이덴티티 시스템은 경제성, 효율성, 관리성 때문에 단일화, 단순화, 고정화가 강조된 획일적인 형태로 발전할 수밖에 없고, 통합적인 디자인 매뉴얼에 의해 통제되어야 하기 때문에 새로운 환경에 대응할 수 있는 유연성에는 취약점을 가지고 있다. 반면에 미국대학 스포츠 팀의 아이덴티티 시스템은 본질적인 정체성을 유지하면서 시각적 표현의 통합성, 확장성과 개방성을 갖춘 플렉서블 아이덴티티 시스템(Flexible Identity System)을 가지고 있다고 할 수 있다. 그리고 대부분의 대학이 위치한 지역의 이름을 대학 명으로 삼고 있어서 마케팅 전략으로 지역사회를 기반으로 한 상품의 차별성은 이를 소비한 대학팀과 지역사회의 팬들 간의 동일성을 형성하여 소비자들에게 잊지 못할 브랜드경험을 준다. 그리고 대학스포츠를 관리하는 조직 NCAA(National Collegiate Athletic Association)와 대학 스포츠팀의 브랜드 개발, 브랜드 보호, 그리고 브랜드 관리를 하고 있는 CLC(Collegiate Licencing Company)가 대학 스포츠를 체계적으로 관리를 하고 있다. 이러한 지속적이고 체계적인 스포츠마케팅전략을 바탕으로 자발적으로 두터운 팬 층이 형성되고 더불어 플렉서블 아이덴티티 시스템과 맞물려 시너지 효과를 창출하면서 오늘에 미국대학스포츠를 성공으로 이끌고 있다.

팀동일시의 이론적 정당성

권형일 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2019 체육과학연구 Vol.30 No.3

[Purpose] Lock and Heere (2017) argued that two different theories of social identity theory(SIT) and role identity theory have been used in previous studies of team identification. However, they failed to provide why such phenomenon existed in the literature of team identification. Thus, the first purpose of the study is to provide the possible reasons why the two theories were used as the ground of team identification in the previous literature. In addition, the current study examined whether team identification was properly developed from SIT by incorporating the cases of organizational identification and consumer-company identification in business literature. [Results & Conclusion] There are two possible explanations on why the two theories have been used in team identification studies. First, in the initial studies of team identification, theoretical ground of team identification was lacking. Thus, without a firm theoretical guidelines, authors might have used the two theories as the ground of team identification. Second, as previous literature noted, the two theories are like the two different sides of a single theory. Thus, authors may have not recognized the need of differentiating the two theories and used the two theories as the ground of team identification. This study also examined whether team identification was properly developed from SIT. The social category in team identification includes two different social identities(team members and fans), which is quite different from a social category with single identity in it. The locus of social category of team was arbitrarily expanded to include fans in the same category. This case is quite similar with consumer-company identification in marketing literature. Future study needs to examine whether the locus of social category can be expanded to include two different social identities. [목적] Lock & Heere(2017)는 팀동일시 연구에서 사회정체성이론과 역할정체성이론이 비정상적으로 혼재되어 사용되었다고 주장을 하였다. 하지만 그들은 왜 그 두 개의 이론이 혼재되어서 사용되었는지에 대한 의견을 제시하지는 못하였다. 본 연구에서는 팀동일시 연구에서 왜 두 개의 이론이 혼재되어 사용되었는가에 대한 이유를 분석하여 제시하고자 한다. 또한 본 연구에서는 이 두 개의 이론이 어떻게 팀동일시와 팬의 행동을 설명하는데 적용이 될 수 있는 지를 알아보았다. 그리고 더 나아가 팀동일시라는 개념이 사회정체성이론을 정확하게 반영을 하고 있는 지를 조직동일시개념과 소비자-기업 동일시 개념을 차용하여 알아보았다. [결과 및 결론] 팀동일시 연구에서 왜 사회정체성이론과 역할정체성이론이 혼재되어 사용되었는지는 두 가지 설명이 가능하다. 첫째는 팀동일시 초기 연구에서 나타나고 있는 이론의 부재이다. 초기 연구에서 경험적인 결과들을 제시하는 것에 급급한 나머지 팀동일시라는 개념이 어떠한 이론적 근간을 갖고 있는 지에 대한 충분한 고찰이 이루어지지 않았고 이로 인해 연구자들이 이 두 개의 이론을 혼합하여 사용한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 선행연구에서 제시하고 있듯이 이 두 개의 이론은 마치 한 이론의 양면이라고 할 정도로 유사한 부분이 존재한다. 그러다보니 사전연구에서 이 두 개의 이론을 굳이 구분하여 사용하지 않았고 이로 인해 두 이론이 팀동일시의 근간이 되는 이론으로 제시된 것으로 유추할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 팀동일시라는 개념이 사회정체성이론을 정확하게 반영하고 있는 지를 점검하였다. 팀동일시 개념 안에 존재하는 사회적 범주는 팀이라는 범주와 팬이라는 범주 두 개가 존재하고 있어 일반적으로 사회정체성이론에서 제시하고 있는 사회적 범주와 상이한 면이 존재한다. 팀이라는 범주의 범위가 임의적으로 확장되어 그 범위 안에 팬이라는 집단이 포함된 상태로 볼 수 있으며 이러한 개념은 마케팅에서 사용하고 있는 소비자-기업 동일시와 같은 맥락으로 볼 수 있다.

프로축구구단의 아이덴티티와 구단이미지 및 구단 평판과의 구조적 관계

김정만 한국사회체육학회 2018 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.74

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relatiosnhip among professional soccer team identity , team image and team reputation. The study was analyzed using frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structura lequation model. The result stated, first, professiona l soccer team identity had an effect on team image. Second, prosfesional soccer team identity had an effect o n team reputation. Third, team image had an effect on team reputiaon. In conclusion, the club should show it s sincere appearance to sports fans and provide them with services. Accordingly, fans can recognize the team’s image positively and ultimately expect its friendly reputation.

커뮤니케이션, 팀 공유감과 팀 학습유효성

최세경(Choi, Se-Kyung),강정애(Kang, Jung-Ai) 대한경영학회 2013 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

Team Identification Reduces Social Loafing and Promotes Social Laboring in Cycling

( Rune Høigaard ),( Filip Boen ),( Bert De Cuyper ),( Derek M Peters ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2013 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.25 No.1

The purpose was to examine if heightened team identification reduced social loafing and promoted social laboring in 1 and 3 minute cycling time-trials with participants alone and then in either salient or non-salient teams. Salient teams were created using 30 minutes of team building activities prior to their team time trials. Social loafing occurred in both team trials in the non-salient teams (P < .05). In the salient teams, social loafing was eliminated in the 1 minute team trial and social laboring was apparent in the 3 minute team trial (P < .05). Heightened team identification therefore reduced social loafing and significantly enhanced team performance.

프로야구단 브랜드 커뮤니케이션을 위한 아이덴티티디자인 개발 -롯데 자이언츠 프로야구단 엠블럼 디자인 중심으로-

이방원 ( Bang Won Lee ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회(구 시각디자인학회) 2011 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.35 No.-

Korean professional baseball has been established on March 27th, 1982 with 6 professional teams, MBC Chung-yong, Sam mi Super Stars, OB Bears, Lotte Giants, Samsung Lions, and Haitai Tigers which link to Korea conglomerate and cities all over the country. Over 29 years since establishment, professional baseball teams have been not only played a leading role in invigoration of Korea professional sports but also, helped to settle the sports spectator etiquette with economic growth after 88` Olympic and national attention. Many brilliant athletes has started to extend to overseas after Chan-ho Park`s entry of Major League in 1994 according to advance of media and Major League spectator etiquette has been absorbed as well. The teams, used to make little profit and run by parent company`s support, are now paying attention to invigorate theirs own brand equity through selling logo productions, uniforms, character productions and other marketing activities. This research is aimed new identity design development of Lotte Giants professional team, representing currently Korean major baseball team from to beginning. New emblem such as dynamic and sophisticated baseball team`s image, which has been enhanced visual impact and eye catch through development of systematic visual identity. Also, it has been developed as new identity design with elements that succeeded and improved from existing identity. moreover, brand communication, for more enjoyment and better supporting etiquette of fans, and strengthened awareness are another purpose of identity design.

학생선수의 운동부 정체성 습득과 몰입 경험

김한범(KimHanbeom),권순용(KwonSun-yong) 한국체육학회 2019 한국체육학회지 Vol.58 No.1

본 연구는 학생선수로서 정체성 형성이 운동부 정체성 형성과정에 동반하여 이루어지는데 이는 역능성을 상실하는 경험을 하는 과정임을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 즉, 연구참여자들은 운동부의 구성원으로서의 규범을 익히면서 스스로의 삶에 대한 통제력을 잃어가게 되며, 학생선수의 일상은 운동부에 종속되게 되는 과정을 경험하고 있었다. 불평등한 운동부의 권력관계 속에서 운동부원들은 강압적 지도 및 관리방식에 점차 순응하는 모습을 보였으며, 이로 인한 무기력을 학습하고 있다. 또한 학생선수들은 운동부 정체성을 획득하는 과정에서 운동부원 역할에 과도하게 몰입하는 경험을 한다. 연구참여자들은 운동부 정체성을 형성하는 과정에서 운동선수 정체성 몰입을 경험하였으며, 스스로의 정체성을 규정짓는 롤 인걸프먼트(role engulfment)와 운동선수로서의 교만(hubris)과 같은 정체성 몰입 경험을 통해 자신의 정체성을 더욱 강화하려는 모습을 보여주었다. This study aims to examine the process of disempowerment experienced by student-athletes as they become an athletic team member. It seems that becoming student-athletes is the result of team identity formation. This process of team identity formation involves student-athletes’internationalization of disempowerment. Student-athletes have to learn and accept their roles as a team member, and by the process they gradually become submissive to the dominant coercive and controlling team culture, and then become disempowered. Also, the process of team identity formation reinforces and prioritizes the role of student-athletes and eventually by the process student-athletes experience excessively immersing in their athlete identity. More often than not, this process of identity committment results in athletic role engulfment, and further leads to the formation of athletic hubris as a committed team member.

인문,사회과학편 : 프로구단 웹사이트의 몰입이 팀 충성도 및 지역사회 정체성에 미치는 영향

김명준(MyoungJoonKim),홍계희(GyeHeeHong) 한국체육학회 2006 한국체육학회지 Vol.45 No.1

This study was to analyze the effect of commitment on the team-loyalty and identity of the local community at the professional sport team web-site.To get the best result of this study assigned the visitors of those web sites as population, and linked a questionnaire here of to main page of Samsung lions and Daegu Orions Web-site, so that visitors who use the pop-ups could answer to each question. The completed questionnaires were all connected into my home page in real time. The subject who answered to given questionnaire was 481 persons.The material collection device was the brochure named < The survey the effect of commitment on the team-loyalty and identity of the local community at the professional sport team web-site >. The result of reliability check up was here below; Chronbach' α=.904~.924. To analyze materials, reliability analysis, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regressions were used as statistic analysis techniques.On the basis of the results, the conclusions were as follows;Firstly, there was a significant difference between socio-demographics and commitment of the professional sport team web-site. Also there was a significant difference between socio-demographics and team-loyalty.Secondly, there was a significant influence difference between socio-demographics and identity of the local community.Thirdly, there was a significant influence between commitment of the professional sport team web-site and team-loyalty. Also there was a significant influence between commitment of the professional sport team web-site andidentity of the local community.Lastly, there was a significant influence between team-loyalty and identity of the local community.