백합 근연수분 및 종간 교잡종 F1 여교잡시 종자형성

이지용,임용표,Lee, Ji-Yong,Lim, Yong-Pyo 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.4

근연수분인 (L. longiflorum 'Gelria'${\times}$L. ${\times}$formolongi 'Raizan')의 경우 주두수분에서 종자형성 삭과율은 93%이고 삭과당 평균 종자수는 71개였다 화주절단수분시에는 종자형성 삭과율이 53%이고 삭과당 평균 종자수는 22개로 적었다. (L. longiflorum 'Gelria'${\times}$L. ${\times}$formolongi 'Raizan')의 경우 주두수분에서 종자형성 삭과율이 47%이고 삭과당 평균 종자수는 311개를 얻었다. 그러나 화주절단수분에서는 종자형성 삭과율이 47%이고 삭과당 평균 종자수는 34개로 주두수분에 비해 11%밖에 미치지 못했다. (L. longiflorum 'Raizan'${\times}$L. ${\times}$formolongi 'Como')의 경우 주두수분은 종자형성 삭과율이 40%이고 삭과당 종자수가 14개인 반면 화주절단수분에서는 종자형성이 이루어지지 않았다. [(L. longiflorum 'Lorina'${\times}$L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Chicago') ${\times}$L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Chicago']의 여교잡에서 화주절단수분된 15개체 중에서 9개의 성숙삭과를 얻어 삭과 형성율은 60%,배형성 삭과수는 53%,삭과당 평균배수는 14개였다. 그러나 [(L. longiflorum 'Lorina'${\times}$L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Chicago')${\times}$L. longiflorum 'Lorina']와 [L. longiflorum 'Lorina'${\times}$(L. longiflorum 'Lorina'${\times}$L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Chicago')]의 교잡은 전혀 삭과가 형성되지 않았다. 또한 [(L. longiflorum 'Lorina'Lorina'L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Corsica') ${\times}$L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Corsica']의 경우도 수분된 15개체 중에서 삭과 형성률은 80.0%,배형성 삭과수는 67%,삭과당 평균배수는 11개였다. 하지만 [(L. longiflorum 'Lorina'${\times}$L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Corsica')${\times}$L. longiflorum 'Lorina']와 나팔백합에 종간잡종을 교잡한 [L. longiflorum 'Lorina'${\times}$(L longiflorum 'Lorina${\times}$L. Asiatic hyhbrid 'Corsica')]의 교잡은 전혀 삭과가 형성되지 않았다. 이 결과는 종간 교잡종을 자방친으로 하고 그 자방친의 화분친을 사용할 때만 교잡이 이루어지고 있음을 나타내고 있다. 따라서 여교잡을 통한 종간잡종 품종육성 활용방안을 금후 적극 확대 검토해야 할 것이다 We studies seed set in the interspecific F1 /backcross hybrids of Lilium species. In the interspecfic hybrid of L. longiflorum cv. Gelria with L.${\times}$ fomolongi cv. Raizan,93% fruit set was obtained by stigmatic pollination in comparison to 53% from cut-style pollination. Accordingly, the number of seed set resulting from stigmatic and cut-style pollination was 147 and 53, respectively. Pollination o( both stigmatic and cut-style pollination resulted in 47% fruit set in the hybrid of L. longiflorum cv. Lorina with L.${\times}$ fomolongi cv. Raizan. However, stigmatic pollination formed 413 seeds, whereas only 24 seeds were obtained by cut-style pollination in this cross. The hybrid of L.${\times}$ fomolongi cv. Raizan with L. longiflorum cv. Come set 40% fruit with a total of 43 seeds by stigmatic pollination. However, no fruit set was observed in cut-style pollination in this hybrid. Backcrossing the F1 hybrid by cut-style pollination of L. longiflorum cv. Lorina ${\times}$ Asiatic hybrid cv. Chicago with the latter parent led to 53% fruit set, and 109 embryos were obtained. Likewise, backcrossing following cut-style pollination of L. longiflorum cv. Lorina ${\times}$ Asiatic hybrid cv. Corsia with the latter parent formed 67% fruits and 107 embryos. However, in the remaining interspecific hybrids, cut-style pollination set no fruit.

Foraging Activities of Honeybees ( Apis mellifera L.) and Bumblebees ( Bombus terrestris L.) on Passionfruit (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) Flower and their Pollination Effects

이경용,윤형주,이소미,박재옥 한국양봉학회 2020 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

We studied the activity and pollination effects of insect pollinators (Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris) in passionfruit pollination to investigate the possibility of insect pollination in greenhouse-cultivated passionfruit. The climatic condition inside the greenhouse during the flowering of passionfruit, bee traffics and flower visit duration of two species were measured. In addition, the pollination effect was determined by investigating the physical characteristics of fruits according to each pollination methods. The bee traffic and foraging activity of A. mellifera were 3.6 and 7 times greater than those of B. terrestris, respectively. However, when this result was converted into a percentage to colony size, the ratio of B. terrestris was 19.1, and was 10.2 times higher than that of A. mellifera. In addition, the activity of A. mellifera was affected by the illumination level (R=0.593) and ultraviolet rays (R=0.647), but the activity of B. terrestris was less affected by light. Therefore, we considered B. terrestris to be more suitable for the pollination of passionfruit than A. mellifera. Regarding the pollination effect, there was no difference between the two insect pollinators; however, better fruit quality was observed with insect pollinators than with artificial pollination. Certain problems should be addressed when using an insect pollinator directly for the pollination of passionfruit. First, pollen robbing caused by the differences between flowering start time and bee activity start time should be considered. Second, the low pollination efficiency because of the presence of extrafloral nectaries in passionfruit should be considered. Lastly, the pollination effect caused by the colony decline because of the long duration of pollination should be factored in. If these problems are solved by controlling the activity time of the foraging bees, increasing the pollinator density by 30%, and adding or managing the bee colony, insect pollinators could be effectively used for passionfruit pollination.

백합의 자가 및 품종간 종자형성에서 주두 및 화주절단수분

이지용,임용표,Lee, Ji-Yong,Lim, Yong-Pyo 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.4

주두 및 화주절단수분법으로 나팔백합 (L. longiflorum)과 신나팔백합 (1. ${\times}$ ormolongi)을 자방친으로 한 자가 및 품종간 수분을 통하여 교배 조합간 종자 형성율 등을 구명하고 교잡종 육성범위 확대를 위한 기본자료를 얻고자 수행했다. 나팔백합인 L. longiflorum 'Gelria' 및 L. longiflorum 'Lorina'의 자가수분에서 주두수분의 경우 각각 100%의 종자형성 삭과율에 삭과당 평균 종자수는 각각 189개, 70개인 반면 화주절단수분에서는 종자형성 삭과율이 각각 87%, 40%였다. 삭과당 평균 종자수는 각각 53개, 20개로 화주절단 수분법보다 주두 수분에 의한 종자 형성률이 훨씬 높았다. L.${\times}$formolongi의 자가수분에서도 주두수분은 80%의 종자형성 삭과율에 삭과당 종자수가 597개인 반면 화주절단 수분에서는 47%의 종자형성 삭과율에 삭과당 종자수가 81개였는데 형성된 종자도 주두수분보다 충실하지 못했다 품종간 수분에서 L. longiflorum 'Gelria' 및 L. longiflorum 'Lorina'을 자방친으로 한 전체에서 주두수분의 종자형성 삭과율은 60%로 삭과당 평균 종자수는 18개인 반면, 화주절단 수분에서는 종자형성 삭과율이 20%로 삭과당 평균 종자수는 7개로 주두수분과 상당한 차이가 있었다. 신나팔백합의 품종간 교잡인 (L.${\times}$formolongi 'Raizan'${\times}$L. formolongi 'Nobia')에서도 주두수분시 종자형성 삭과율이 75%로 삭과당 평균 종자수는 179개인 반면 화 주절단 수분에서는 종자형성 삭과율이 50%로 삭과당 평균 종자수는 63개로 주두수분과 많은 차이를 보였다. 결과적으로 주두수분이 화주절단수분보다 결실률이 높았다. This work was undertaken to study the effect of stigmatic and cut-style pollination on self seed set in Lilium longiflorum and L. ${\times}$ formolongi, and their crosses as the female parent with other cultivars/genotypes. Stigmatic pollination of L. longiflorum cv. Gelria and Lorina resulted in cent per cent fruit set with mean number of seeds/fruit of 189 and 70, respectively. However, cut-style pollination resulted in 87% and 40% fruit set in Gelria and Lorina, respectively. The corresponding mean number of seeds/fruit was 53 and 20. In L. ${\times}$ formolongi, stigmatic pollination set 80% fruits with 736 seeds/fruit. On the other hand, cut-style pollination resulted in 47% fruit set with 81 seeds/fruit. The intraspecific stigmatic pollination of L. longiflorum cv. Gelria and Lorina with other cultivars formed 60% fruits with a mean number of 18 seeds/fruit. However, only 20% fruit set with mean number of seeds/fruit of 7 was recorded when cut-style pollination of L. longiflorum cultivar were pollinated with other cultivars/genotypes. In the intraspecific pollination of L. ${\times}$ formolongi cv. Raizan with Novia, fruit set resulting from stigmatic and cut-style pollination was 75% and 50%, respectively with the corresponding mean number of seeds/fruit of 579 and 98. It was concluded that self as well as intraspecific seed set in the two species of Lilium gets considerably reduced as a result of cut-style pollination.

화분매개곤충과 인공수분이 ‘신고’ 배의 과실품질과 수익성에 미치는 영향

이경용,임순희,서호진,김선영,윤형주 한국유기농업학회 2016 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

We compared the fruit set and the quality of the ‘Niitaka’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) among flowers pollinated by two bee species (Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris) and pollinated artificial. The artificial pollination rate was 1.3 to 1.9 times higher than the bee pollination rate. Moreover, the artificially pollinated flowers produced fruit that was 5 to 10% higher in weight, 2 to 3% larger in size, and had a higher fruit shape index (L/D) than fruit pollinated by the bees. On economic analysis, net profit from insect pollinator was 93.5 to 97.1% of net profit from artificial pollination. Therefore, artificial pollination is more efficient than bee pollination in ‘Niitaka’ pear. However, regarding fruit quality and net profit, these results suggest that bee pollination can be an good alternative to artificial pollination in ‘Niitaka’ pear.

화분매개곤충과 인공수분이 ‘신고’ 배의 과실품질과 수익성에 미치는 영향

이경용,임순희,서호진,김선영,윤형주 한국유기농업학회 2016 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

We compared the fruit set and the quality of the ‘Niitaka’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) among flowers pollinated by two bee species (Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris) and pollinated artificial. The artificial pollination rate was 1.3 to 1.9 times higher than the bee pollination rate. Moreover, the artificially pollinated flowers produced fruit that was 5 to 10% higher in weight, 2 to 3% larger in size, and had a higher fruit shape index (L/D) than fruit pollinated by the bees. On economic analysis, net profit from insect pollinator was 93.5 to 97.1% of net profit from artificial pollination. Therefore, artificial pollination is more efficient than bee pollination in ‘Niitaka’ pear. However, regarding fruit quality and net profit, these results suggest that bee pollination can be an good alternative to artificial pollination in ‘Niitaka’ pear.

Lilium 속의 자가수분 및 불화합성의 종간의 교잡수분에 미치는 화분관의 생장 행동

윤의수,EuiSooYoon 한국자원식물학회 1990 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.3 No.2

In every reciprocal crosses of self pollination, interspecific pollination through ordinary stigma pollination of L. longiflorum and $L.{\;}{\times}{\;}elegans$, pollen vigorously germinated in stigma, and pollen tube was growing. But, 5 days after pollination, pollen tube stopping their growth in the same style as was observed in the cross of self pollination and interspecific pollination. Intrastylar pollination of $L.{\;}{\times}{\;}elegans$ and L. longiflorum passed stylar cannal through the basal part of styles. But, pollen tube that was growing to the ovule of the ovary was extremely small. In morphogical observation of ovary 10 days after pollination, it was observed, that every reciprocal crosses of L. longiflorum ${\times}$ L. ${\times}$ elegans was fertilized through intrastylar pollination, so that this technique was used to overcome cross incompatibilities.lities.

The Pollination Effect of Insect Pollinators and Hand Pollination in the Asian Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Niitaka)

Kyeong Yong Lee,Hyeonjin Ko,Hyung Joo Yoon 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.04

We compared the fruit set and the quality of the Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Niitaka) among flowers pollinated by insect pollinators such as the honeybee(Apis mellifera) and bumblebee(Bombus terrestris) and pollinated artificial. The hand pollination rate was 1.3 times higher than bumblebee and 1.9 times higher than the honeybee pollination rate. Moreover, the artificially pollinated flowers produced fruit that was 5 to 10% higher in weight, 2 to 3% larger in size, and had a higher fruit shape index(L/D) than pollinated by the insect pollinators. On economic analysis, net profit from insect pollinator was 93.5 to 97.1% of net profit from hand pollination. Therefore, artificial pollination is more efficient than insect pollination in 'Niitaka' pear. However, regarding fruit quality and net profit, these results suggest that bee pollinator can be an good alternative to hand pollination in pear cv. Niitaka.

Effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony size on the pollination of greenhouse-cultivated watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) under forcing cultivation

이경용,윤형주,임정현,고현진 한국잠사학회 2018 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.37 No.2

We investigated the effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony size on the pollination of greenhouse-cultivated watermelon grown under the forcing cultivation system. The highest pollination activity of bees was observed (14.3 ± 5.0 honey bees/day) when the bee colony size was 10,000 followed by 7,500 and 5,000 honey bees. There was a positive correlation between the bee colony size and pollination activity (R = 0.262) but insignificant difference in fruit set with different honey bee colony sizes (88%–91%). Evaluation of physical properties revealed that the weight and shape of watermelon were also not significantly different among different colony sizes. However, larger the bee colony size, higher the number of seeds were fertilized and rate of seed fertilization (p > 0.05). Number of seeds and content of sugar were negatively correlated (R = -0.714). Fertilized seeds showed a significant increase in mealy flesh, which has a negative effect on fruit quality, compared with that of the unfertilized seeds. Overall, we found that a colony size of 5,000 honey bees was the most effective for the pollination of watermelon grown under forcing cultivation. A comparison of the effects of bee pollination with those of artificial pollination suggested that artificial pollination can be effectively replaced by bee pollination in the forcing cultivation of watermelon, because fruit set, weight, and shape by bee pollination were similar to those achieved by artificial pollination.

Effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony size on the pollination of greenhouse-cultivated watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) under forcing cultivation

( Kyeong Yong Lee ),( Hyung Joo Yoon ),( Jeonghyeon Lim ),( Hyeon-jin Ko ) 한국잠사학회 2018 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.37 No.2

We investigated the effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony size on the pollination of greenhouse-cultivated watermelon grown under the forcing cultivation system. The highest pollination activity of bees was observed (14.3 ± 5.0 honey bees/day) when the bee colony size was 10,000 followed by 7,500 and 5,000 honey bees. There was a positive correlation between the bee colony size and pollination activity (R = 0.262) but insignificant difference in fruit set with different honey bee colony sizes (88%-91%). Evaluation of physical properties revealed that the weight and shape of watermelon were also not significantly different among different colony sizes. However, larger the bee colony size, higher the number of seeds were fertilized and rate of seed fertilization (p > 0.05). Number of seeds and content of sugar were negatively correlated (R = -0.714). Fertilized seeds showed a significant increase in mealy flesh, which has a negative effect on fruit quality, compared with that of the unfertilized seeds. Overall, we found that a colony size of 5,000 honey bees was the most effective for the pollination of watermelon grown under forcing cultivation. A comparison of the effects of bee pollination with those of artificial pollination suggested that artificial pollination can be effectively replaced by bee pollination in the forcing cultivation of watermelon, because fruit set, weight, and shape by bee pollination were similar to those achieved by artificial pollination.

Effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony size on the pollination of greenhouse-cultivated watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) under forcing cultivation

Lee, Kyeong Yong,Yoon, Hyung Joo,Lim, Jeonghyeon,Ko, Hyeon-Jin Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2018 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.37 No.2

We investigated the effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony size on the pollination of greenhouse-cultivated watermelon grown under the forcing cultivation system. The highest pollination activity of bees was observed ($14.3{\pm}5.0$ honey bees/day) when the bee colony size was 10,000 followed by 7,500 and 5,000 honey bees. There was a positive correlation between the bee colony size and pollination activity (R = 0.262) but insignificant difference in fruit set with different honey bee colony sizes (88%-91%). Evaluation of physical properties revealed that the weight and shape of watermelon were also not significantly different among different colony sizes. However, larger the bee colony size, higher the number of seeds were fertilized and rate of seed fertilization (p > 0.05). Number of seeds and content of sugar were negatively correlated (R = -0.714). Fertilized seeds showed a significant increase in mealy flesh, which has a negative effect on fruit quality, compared with that of the unfertilized seeds. Overall, we found that a colony size of 5,000 honey bees was the most effective for the pollination of watermelon grown under forcing cultivation. A comparison of the effects of bee pollination with those of artificial pollination suggested that artificial pollination can be effectively replaced by bee pollination in the forcing cultivation of watermelon, because fruit set, weight, and shape by bee pollination were similar to those achieved by artificial pollination.