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가속도 부하 환경과 저압 저산소 환경의 쥐의 간에 대한 효과
설창안 ( Seol Chang Ahn ),정수영 ( Chung Soo Young ),설진곤 ( Seol Jin Gon ) 국군의무사령부 2010 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.41 No.1
Objectives: Extreme environments, such as hypergravity and hypobaric hypoxia may alter the homeostasis of the liver. We tried to find out if there are some kinds of injuries in the rat liver after the exposure to the chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia and/or hypergravity. Methods : We used male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into 4 groups of C, G, H and G+H. Group C was the control group, and group G was exposed only to the hypergravity of 10 G for 10 minutes daily. Group H was exposed only to the hypobaric hypoxia of altitude of 25,000 feet for 1 hour daily. Group G+H was first exposed to the hypergravity and was next exposed to the hypobaric hypoxia daily. The exposure to the extreme conditions was continued for 15 days. After the exposure we checked liver function tests and did the pathologic analysis of the liver. Results: Serum AST and ALT levels in group H and G+H were lower than in group C. Serum total protein (TP) and albumin levels in group G and G+H were higher than in group C. In the pathologic analysis of liver, we found centrilobular necrosis in group G, H and G+H and hyperplastic change of bile ducts in group H and G+H. Conclusions: Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia decreased serum AST and ALT levels and chronic intermittent hypergravity increased serum TP and albumin levels in the rat. The sequence of the pathologic significance may be group C << G < H < G+H.
c-fos mRNA Expression in the Vestibular System following Hypergravity Stimulation in Rats
Guang Shi Jin,Jae Hyo Lee,Jae Hee Lee,Moon Young Lee,Min Sun Kim,Yuan Zhe Jin,Jeong Hoon Song,Byung Rim Park 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.1
Altered environmental gravity, including both hypo- and hypergravity, may result in space adaptation syndrome. To explore the characteristics of this adaptive plasticity, the expression of immediate early gene c-fos mRNA in the vestibular related tissues following an exposure to hypergravity stimulus was determined in rats. The animals were subjected to a force of 2 g (twice earth s gravity) for 1, 3, or 12 h, and were examined poststimulus at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and real-time quantitative RT-PCR were adopted to analyze temporal changes in the expression of c-fos mRNA. The hypergravity stimulus increased the expression of c-fos mRNA in the vestibular ganglion, medial vestibular nucleus, inferior vestibular nucleus, hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex. The peak expression occurred at 0 h poststimulation in animals stimulated with hypergravity for 1 h, and at 6 h poststimulus in those stimulated for 3 h. In contrast, those stimulated for 12 h exhibited dual peaks at 0 and 12 h poststimulus. Bilateral labyrinthectomy markedly attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. Glutamate receptor antagonist also dramatically attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. These results indicate that expression of c-fos mRNA in response to hypergravity occurs in the vestibular related tissues of the central nervous system, in which peripheral vestibular receptors and glutamate receptors play an important role. The temporal pattern of c-fos mRNA expression depended on the duration of the hypergravity stimulus.
c-fos mRNA Expression in the Vestibular System following Hypergravity Stimulation in Rats
Jin Guang-Shi,Lee Jae-Hyo,Lee Jae-Hee,Lee Moon-Young,Kim Min-Sun,Jin Yuan Zhe,Song Jeong-Hoon,Park Byung-Rim The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.1
Altered environmental gravity, including both hypo- and hypergravity, may result in space adaptation syndrome. To explore the characteristics of this adaptive plasticity, the expression of immediate early gene c-fos mRNA in the vestibular related tissues following an exposure to hypergravity stimulus was determined in rats. The animals were subjected to a force of 2 g (twice earth's gravity) for 1, 3, or 12 h, and were examined poststimulus at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and real-time quantitative RT-PCR were adopted to analyze temporal changes in the expression of c-fos mRNA. The hypergravity stimulus increased the expression of c-fos mRNA in the vestibular ganglion, medial vestibular nucleus, inferior vestibular nucleus, hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex. The peak expression occurred at 0 h poststimulation in animals stimulated with hypergravity for 1 h, and at 6 h poststimulus in those stimulated for 3 h. In contrast, those stimulated for 12 h exhibited dual peaks at 0 and 12 h poststimulus. Bilateral labyrinthectomy markedly attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. Glutamate receptor antagonist also dramatically attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. These results indicate that expression of c-fos mRNA in response to hypergravity occurs in the vestibular related tissues of the central nervous system, in which peripheral vestibular receptors and glutamate receptors play an important role. The temporal pattern of c-fos mRNA expression depended on the duration of the hypergravity stimulus.
마우스 공간지각과 기억 형성에 미치는 전정 유래 정보의 규명
한규철,김민범,김미주 대한평형의학회 2018 Research in Vestibular Science Vol.17 No.4
Objectives: We aimed to study the role of vestibular input on spatial memory performance in mice that had undergone bilateral surgical labyrinthectomy, semicircular canal (SCC) occlusion and 4G hypergravity exposure. Methods: Twelve to 16 weeks old ICR mice (n=30) were used for the experiment. The experimental group divided into 3 groups. One group had undergone bilateral chemical labyrinthectomy, and the other group had performed SCC occlusion surgery, and the last group was exposed to 4G hypergravity for 2 weeks. The movement of mice was recorded using camera in Y maze which had 3 radial arms (35 cm long, 7 cm high, 10 cm wide). We counted the number of visiting arms and analyzed the information of arm selection using program we developed before and after procedure. Results: The bilateral labyrinthectomy group which semicircular canal and otolithic function was impaired showed low behavioral performance and spacial memory. The semicircular canal occlusion with CO2 laser group which only semicircular canal function was impaired showed no difference in performance activity and spatial memory. However the hypergravity exposure group in which only otolithic function impaired showed spatial memory function was affected but the behavioral performance was spared. The impairment of spatial memory recovered after a few days after exposure in hypergravity group.Conclusions: This spatial memory function was affected by bilateral vestibular loss. Space-related information processing seems to be determined by otolithic organ information rather than semicircular canals. Due to otolithic function impairment, spatial learning was impaired after exposure to gravity changes in animals and this impaired performance was compensated after normal gravity exposure.