Deep bed로 구성된 활성탄/모래 공정에서의 입자성 물질 저감연구

백영애 ( Baek Youngae ),조우현 ( Joe Woohyun ),이광제 ( Lee Kwangjae ),홍숭희 ( Hong Seounghee ),박현 ( Park Hyeon ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2020 한국수처리학회지 Vol.28 No.6

A water purification plant does not have a filter-to-waste valve, and the lack of free space makes the installation of such a valve difficult. In this study, we tried to reduce particulate matter by laying sand under the activated carbon without installing additional facilities. As a result of laying the lower sand to reduce the leakage of granular activated carbon, it was possible to reduce the particulate matter by about 15-20 % compared to the granular activated carbon process alone. The operating head rose about 10-20 cm when sand was laid, but there was no sharp rise and it was considered to be acceptable on site. In addition, the bacterial activity in the granular activated carbon column immediately after backwashing was detected at a maximum of about 120 per 100 mL. Despite the low water temperature (below 15℃), bacteria that are uncommon in the sand-filtered water proliferate and act as biological activated carbon in the granular activated carbon process, but it was found that it decreased by about 20% when sand was laid under the activated carbon. Regarding backwashing, it was confirmed that the activated carbon and sand layers were well mixed during air washing and then well separated again during rinsing due to the difference in specific gravity between the activated carbon and sand. A result of this study is that, in order to reduce leakage particles from granular activated carbon, it is recommended to use sand with a commercially available sand size of 0.55-0.6 mm (uniformity coefficient of 1.4 or less) when laying sand under granular activated carbon with an effective size of 0.65 mm.

액상 유기오염물질에 대한 폐커피가루의 흡착능력 평가

김슬기,나승민,손영규 한국습지학회 2016 한국습지학회지 Vol.18 No.1

최근 커피 이용량이 증가하면서 폐커피가루의 활용에 대한 관심이 환경공학 분야에서 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는폐커피가루를 재활용하여 오염물질에 대한 흡착제로서의 사용 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 액상의 유기 오염물질(메틸렌 블루)에 대한 흡착평형실험 및 흡착속도실험을 수행하였고, 입상활성탄 및 분말활성탄을 이용한 실험결과와 비교하였다. 실험 결과, 흡착평형의 경우 세 종류의 흡착제 모두 Langmuir 식에 잘 맞는 것으로 확인되었으며, 최대흡착량은 분말활성탄(178.6 mg/g), 폐커피가루(60.6 mg/g), 입상활성탄(15.6 mg/g) 순으로 확인되었다. 흡착속도실험에서도 유사 1차식 및 유사 2차식 모두에서 폐커피가루가 입상활성탄보다 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 폐커피가루의 입자 크기가 입상활성탄보다 작으며 표면이 입상 및 분말활성탄과 같이 다공성 특성을 띄고 있기 때문인 것으로판단되었다. The reuse of spent coffee powder has been researched for environmental engineering applications such as adsorbents of organic/inorganic pollutants. In this study adsorption equilibrium tests and adsorption kinetics tests for the removal of aqueous organic pollutant (methylene blue) were conducted using spent coffee powder, granular activated carbon, and powdered activated carbon. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacity of three adsorbents followed the order of powdered activated carbon (178.6 mg/g) > spent coffee powder (60.6 mg/g) > granular activated carbon (15.6 mg/g). The results of adsorption kinetics tests also indicated that spent coffee powder had higher kinetic parameters than granular activated carbon for pseudo 1st and 2nd order kinetics. The high performance of spent coffee powder might be due to its porous surface like those of granular and powdered activated carbons and smaller particle size comparing with granular activated carbon.

성형조건에 따른 무연탄계 활성탄의 세공특성

이송우,나영수,김도한,류동춘,최동훈,류병순,송승구 한국화학공학회 2002 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.40 No.1

본 연구는 무연탄으로 활성탄을 제조할 경우 성형이 세공특성에 미치는 효과를 고찰한 것이다. 3가지 다른 방법으로 활성탄(파쇄형 활성탄, 압축성형 활성탄, 압축성형 활성탄)을 제조하여 특성을 비교했다. 이중에서 25%의 콜타르와 7%의 물을 혼합하여 압출 성형한 활성탄이 비표면적, 세공부피, 그리고 경도에서 가장 좋은 물성을 나타내었다. 압축 및 압출 성형체의 표면은 무연탄 원탄과는 달리 무연탄 분말이 바인더와 혼합되어 있으므로 매우 거친 상태를 나타내었고, 활성화시 거칠게 형성되어 있는 입자사이로 활성화제인 수증기가 쉽게 침투하여 많은 세공을 형성시킴을 알 수 있었다. 이렇게 형성된 세공을 통해 수증기 활성화반응이 잘 일어나 직경 3,000-50,000Å 범위의 거대세공이 발달하였다. 파쇄형 활성탄에 비해 약 2배의 거대세공(macropore)부피를 가지고 있었으며 경도도 30%에서 95% 이상으로 상승되었다. This study was to investigate the effect of granulation process on pore characteristics in manufacturing anthracitebased activated carbons. The activated carbons were made by three different methods to compare characteristics: the crushed activated carbon, the compressed activated carbon, and the extruded activated carbon. Among these activated carbons, the extruded activated carbon using a binder that consists of 25% coal tar and 7% water showed the best characteristics in specific surface area, pore volume, and hardness. Since the compressed and the extruded substances had coarser surfaces than a raw material, steam could penetrate easily through particles and produce macropores especially in the diameter ranges of 3,000-50,000Å during activation process. The extruded activated carbon showed about twice more macropore volumes than the crushed activated carbon and the hardness was increased from 30% up to 95%.

Zero-valent Iron와 Granular Activated Carbon의 조합공정을 이용한 Fenitrothion의 제거에 관한 연구

이동윤(Dong Yoon Lee),문병현(Byung Hyun Moon) 한국유화학회 2009 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.27 No.3

This study investigated the decomposition of fenitrothion in Smithion, which is applied on the golf course for pesticide, by the integrated Zero-valent iron(ZVI) and Granular activated carbon(GAC) process. First, the removal efficiencies of the fenitrothion by ZVI and GAC, respectively, were investigated. Second, the removal efficiencies of the fenitrothion by the integrated ZVI and GAC were investigated. The removal efficiencies of fenitrothion by ZVI were higher than those of TOC. The removal efficiencies of fenitrothion and TOC by GAC were similar. As the dosages of ZVI and GAC were increased, the removal efficiencies of fenitrothion and TOC increased. However, as the dosages of ZVI for pretreatment were increased, the adsorptions of fenitrothion on GAC were hindered.

활성탄을 이용한 역삼투 농촌수의 유기물 및 영양염류 제거 평가

주성희 ( Sung Hee Joo ),박종민 ( Jong Min Park ),이양우 ( Yang Woo Lee ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Membrane process has been one of the widely applied wastewater treatment options, especially in field. However, one of the tricky issues in the process is to treat concentrates generated from reverse osmosis (RO) system in a manner of saving cost with maximum efficiency for treating a wide range of contaminants. Stimulated with the challenging issues, we have conducted a series of experimental studies in the evaluation for removing organics and nutrients using activated carbon. Results indicated that while powdered activated carbon (PAC) efficiently removed organics and the extent of removal was proportional to the PAC dosage, little removal of nitrogen and phosphorus was observed despite increasing the PAC dose. Interestingly, applying PAC was superior in removing organics than using granular activated carbon (GAC). These results suggest smaller particle size with higher surface area could provide greater chemical reactivity in removing organics.

Adsorption of DCM and MTBE from Aqueous Phase on Granular Activated Carbons: A Comparative Study

전병훈,Moonis Ali Khan,이상훈 한국자원공학회 2010 Geosystem engineering Vol.13 No.3

The laboratory scale batch adsorption studies were conducted to investigate and compare the adsorption potential of granular activated carbons (GACs) for the removal of dichloromethane (DCM) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from aqueous medium. The effect of various parameters such as solution pH, initial adsorbate concentration, contact time, dose of GACs, and temperature on the adsorption was studied. The optimum adsorption of DCM and MTBE on lignite granular activated carbon (LGAC) was observed at pH 7 while, optimum adsorption on bituminous granular activated carbon (BGAC) was observed in the pH between pH 6 and 8. The equilibrium data was fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models. Freundlich model best described the equilibrium adsorption. Contact time studies showed comparatively lower equilibration time for the adsorption of DCM on GACs. Kinetics modeling was done by applying pseudo-first-order,pseudo-second-order and Elovich models. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical adsorption capacity values along with higher regression coefficient values showed the validity of pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The thermodynamics studies showed endothermic and spontaneous process with randomness at the solid/solution interface. The adsorption of DCM and MTBE on GACs was interpreted to represent a physical adsorption.

Adsorption of DCM and MTBE from Aqueous Phase on Granular Activated Carbons: A Comparative Study

Khan, Moonis Ali,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Jeon, Byong-Hun 한국암반공학회 2010 Geosystem engineering Vol.13 No.3

The laboratory scale batch adsorption studies were conducted to investigate and compare the adsorption potential of granular activated carbons (GACs) for the removal of dichloromethane (DCM) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from aqueous medium. The effect of various parameters such as solution pH, initial adsorbate concentration, contact time, dose of GACs, and temperature on the adsorption was studied. The optimum adsorption of DCM and MTBE on lignite granular activated carbon (LGAC) was observed at pH 7 while, optimum adsorption on bituminous granular activated carbon (BGAC) was observed in the pH between pH 6 and 8. The equilibrium data was fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models. Freundlich model best described the equilibrium adsorption. Contact time studies showed comparatively lower equilibration time for the adsorption of DCM on GACs. Kinetics modeling was done by applying pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and Elovich models. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical adsorption capacity values along with higher regression coefficient values showed the validity of pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The thermodynamics studies showed endothermic and spontaneous process with randomness at the solid/solution interface. The adsorption of DCM and MTBE on GACs was interpreted to represent a physical adsorption.

오존 및 粒狀活性炭에 의한 淨水水質改善에 관한 硏究

조봉연,이영진 東國大學校 1999 東國論叢 Vol.38 No.-

To Improve the water quality of the piped tap water, it is necessary to use the advanced filtration treatment, which can handle the water supply deteriorated water quality. The adsorption process using the granular activated carbon (GAC) and ozone oxidation process using the bacterial activated carbon (BAC) to intestigate the treatment efficiency of advanced filtration treatment were applied for a filtration plant in Dongduchun city, Korea From this study, the treatment efficiency of ozone oxidation process was in the rage of 10%, and its efficiency of the GAC was in the range of 30-80%. The activated carbon made by coal types showed generally higher treatment efficiency than that made by coconut and wood types except for ABS and BDOC. The treatment efficiency of the GAC on the index of overall organic matter was similar to that of the BAC. However, The GAC showed higher removal efficiency for the special organic matter. Specially, the continuous ozone supply is necessary to get the appropriate treatment of the BAC and the removal efficiency improvement, because the ozone process is used as the pre-treatment for the bacterial activation.

Zero-valent Iron와 Granular Activated Carbon의 조합공정을 이용한 Fenitrothion의 제거에 관한 연구

이동윤 ( Dong Yoon Lee ),문병현 ( Byung Hyun Moon ) 한국유화학회 2010 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.27 No.3

야자각계 입상 활성탄의 Acid Black 1 염료 흡착에 대한 평형, 동역학 및 열역학 파라미터의 연구

이동창 ( Dong-chang Lee ),이종집 ( Jong-jib Lee ) 한국공업화학회 2016 공업화학 Vol.27 No.6

본 연구는 흡착제로 야자각계 수증기 활성화 입상 활성탄을 사용하여 Acid Black 1 수용액에서의 흡착 거동과 동역학적, 열역학적 파라미터에 대해 회분식 반응을 통해 조사하였다. 흡착변수로는 pH, 초기농도, 접촉시간, 온도를 사용하였다. pH에 대한 영향을 조사하기 위해 pHpzc 값을 분석한 뒤 pH 3-11 범위에서 제거율을 조사하였다. 흡착평형자료로부터 Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich 등온 흡착식에 대한 적합성을 평가하였다. 흡착공정에 대한 동역학적 해석을 통해 유사 1차반응식과 유사 2차반응식에 대한 흡착반응의 일치도를 평가하였다. 열역학적 해석을 통해 엔탈피 변화 값과 활성화에너지 값을 조사하여 이를 통해 흡착공정이 흡열반응인지를 확인하였으며, 엔트로피변화 값과 자유에너지 값을 통해 흡착공정의 자발성을 확인하였다. In this study, the adsorption behavior from aqueous solution as well as kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of Acid Black 1 were investigated through batch reaction using coconut shell based granular steam activated carbon. The effects of various adsorption parameters such as pH, initial concentration, contact time, temperature were studied. To confirm the effect of pH, pHpzc measurements were analyzed followed by measuring removal efficiencies of Acid Black 1 at the pH range from 3 to 11. Experimental equilibrium adsorption data were fitted using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm. The conformity of adsorption reaction for pseudo first and second order model were evaluated through kinetic analysis. Values of enthalpy change and activation energy were also investigated through thermodynamic analysis and it was confirmed that the adsorption process was endothermic. The spontaneity of adsorption process was evaluated using the values of entropy and Gibbs free energy changes.