동대문 밖 전차의 도입과 역할 - 청량리선과 왕십리선을 중심으로 -

최인영 서울시립대학교 서울학연구소 2009 서울학연구 Vol.- No.37

The purpose of this article is to examine the service of electric car(電車) which had been introduced in 1899, and the role of it in a daily life as well that had been changed by the progress of urbanization with opened railways, particularly focused on the electric car line of Cheongryangni and Wangsimni. The Cheongryangni line with the last stop of Empress Mungsung`s tomb, Hongreung(홍릉), was symbolic meaning of inspiring anti-Japanese sentiments as well as the beginning of modern transportation. But under the Japanese Imperialism, the symbolic meaning of the first electric car line was becoming faint, and moreover as the Empress Mungsung`s tomb was moved to Geumgok(金谷) by the state funeral of King Ko-jong(고종) in 1919, the significance of this line was faded out. According to this situation, the electric car had been becoming the urban transportation system connecting the downtown and the suburbs. The electric car of this line was penetrating Dongdaemun(동대문) in the initial period. Yet after the Committee of disposal of castle wall(성벽처리위원회) which had been formed along with the forced abdication of Ko-jong, had removed the castle wall of Namdaemun(남대문), the Cheongryangni line was operated on the north route of Dongdaemun since 1911. The Wansimni Line opened in 1914, was operated all along on the bounds of Gwanghuimun(광희문) with removed of the northern wall. By the active establishment and extension of electric car line in the 1910’s, it was getting easier for passengers to approach to the downtown. Therefore the role of suburb electric car lines was growing up. At that time the population in the suburbs was expanded rapidly by settlers from various local regions. For the accessibility to the downtown where riches in more jobs, was developed an important condition, the area near the downtown was densely populated. As the role of electric car was getting important, the commuters in the suburbs continually maintained the extension, double lines, and abolition of the fare system by scope. These demands were realized in the 1930’s, with the double lined Cheongryangni and Wangsimni, establishment of Donamdong(돈암동) line, and fare system of one scope by 5jun(錢). On the one hand the electric car had been an daily life to the residents on the suburbs, but on the other hand the electric car’s extensive role had been arisen as the joining transportation means to the people coming up downtown by railway from local districts. When the Kyongwon(경원) railway was first established at Yongsan- Cheongryangni scope in 1911 before the railroad track was totally opened, the Cheongryangni electric car line and Wangsimni line were extended to the rail station of Cheongryangni and Wangsimni respectively. This function of urban transportation is not different from today’s ones which the residents and local district populations move to the downtown by subway and bus, only the change of vehicle, to commute or for leisure activities. That the electric car had already been existed in walled city before one century ago, is the most important element that the spatial field of Seoul was expanded. Because this electric car that had been the ‘leg’ of citizens of Seoul by half-century ago, was operated from downtown to Cheongryangni through Dongdaemun, we still remembers the first route of electric car was ‘Cheongryangni=Hongreung’ line.

자동차 디자인을 중심으로 한 전기자동차 디자인 조형연구

김성곤 ( Kim Seong Gohn ) 한국기초조형학회 2018 기초조형학연구 Vol.19 No.6

본연구의 목적은 지금까지의 자동차 디자인의 조형연구, 분석을 통해 급격히 시장이 커지는 전기자동차 디자인분야 연구이다. 전기자동차디자인이 발전 할 수 있는 사회적 기반의 시작을 마련하는 것이다. 전기 자동차디자인 연구는 2015년 발생한 폭스바겐 배기가스 조작사건 일명 디젤게이트를 전후로 자동차 디자인의 변혁이 감지되었고, 새로운 자동차 패러다임이라 할 수 있는 전기자동차가 전면에 등장에 있다. 그리고 전기 자동차의 기능적인 특성에 자동차디자인의 근본적인 변화가 가능해졌다. 이후 나타날 디자인에 대해 예측, 분석 정리 하였다. 자동차 디자인의 분석 정리한 결과는 첫 번째 기존 내연기관 자동차의 특징이 디자인에 영향을 주고 그러한 특징이 자동차의 강한 이미지를 심어 주었다. 특히 공기 흡입구의 디자인은 자동차회사의 이미지를 만드는 중요한 부분이다. 두 번째 폭스바겐 배기가스 조작사건의 영향으로 친환경자동차인 전기자동차로 각국의 자동차사가 적극개발로 돌아섰다. 이에 새롭게 등장한 전기자동차를 조사했다. 세 번째 기존 내연기관 자동차의 디자인에 내부를 전기자동차로 전환시키고 있다. 기존자동차에 내부 동력원을 바꾸는 작업으로 내연기관을 전기장치로 전환 혹은 플랫폼 공유가 쉬운 부분이다. 네 번째 새롭게 전기자동차전용 디자인이 개발 되거나 새로운 브랜드로 전기자동차가 만들어지고 있다. 다섯 번째 기존 자동차 회사 이외의 신진 자동차의 등장과 기존자동차보다 접근이 쉬워져 전기자동차의 디자인의 비중은 더욱 커질 전망이다. 그러나 이연구의 중심은 전기 자동차이고 자율주행 자동차는 연구의 분야에서 제외시켰다. The purpose of the study is to electric car design. Until now, we examine the design of an existing internal combustion engine. research the rapidly growing electric vehicle design. The research in this development is designed to pave the way for electric automotive design development. The Electric Vehicle Design Research has detected a revolution in automobile design since the rollout of the Volkswagen exhaust gas event (2015). Electric cars, which can be called the automotive design paradigm, appeared on the front page. and the fundamental changes in automobile design have been made possible by electric cars. It analyzed for design that emerged after the advent of electric cars. This is the sequence of results of the study of automobile design. The characteristics of the first traditional internal combustion engine have influenced design, and such characteristics have yielded strong images of automobiles. Especially, the design of air intake is an important part of creating an image of a car company. The influence of the second Volkswagen exhaust gas operation has led to aggressive development of electric cars. And looked into the newly launched electric cars. The third existing automobile internal combustion engine is turning into an electric car. It is changing the power source of existing cars. Share a car platform. The fourth new electric car design is being developed or a new brand of electric vehicles is being created. Fifth. New automobile companies other than traditional automotive companies appear. With easier access to the existing automotive market, the design of electric cars is expected to increase. However, the center of research is electric cars. self-driving car were excluded from the study.

조세평등주의에 부합하는 자동차세제의 합리적 개선방안에 관한 고찰 ― 「2050 탄소중립」시행에 따른 전기자동차의 자동차 소유분 세제개편을 중심으로 ―

이상만 ( Lee Sang-man ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2021 법학논총 Vol.38 No.4

지구온난화에 따른 지구촌 곳곳에서 이상 기후변화를 겪으면서 하나 뿐인 지구를 살리기 위한 탄소중립이 글로벌 아젠다가 되고 있다. 우리나라를 포함한 많은 국가들은 탄소배출량을 줄이기 위해 탄소배출량이 많은 산업분야 등에 대해서 단계별 이행계획을 수립하고 시행하려고 하고 있다. 특히 탄소배출량이 많은 자동차 관련 수송분야도 자동차의 내연기관을 순수 전기자동차로 전환하거나 친환경에너지에 맞는 자동차로의 전환을 통해 도로이동 오염원을 줄이고, 화석연료의 소모를 줄여 탄소배출량을 줄이는 것이 시행과제 중의 하나이다. 이에 따라 세계 각국에서는 수송부문의 탄소중립을 위해 전기자동차 개발을 강화하고 있고, 우리나라도 완성 전기자동차 생산을 통해 세계시장 선점을 위해 노력하고 있다. 그러나 최근 생산되고 있는 전기자동차의 경우, 기존의 내연기관차에 비하여 출고가가 적게는 1.5∼4배까지 높다. 즉, 보조금이 없으면 일반 국민의 입장에서는 쉽게 구매를 결정할 수 없는 분위기이다. 이에 따라 정부와 지방자치단체는 국내의 탄소배출량을 줄이기 위해 전기자동차 보급확대를 위한 인프라를 구축하고 보조금 지원을 통한 친환경 자동차 수요 확대에 박차를 가하고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 현행 지방세법에 의하면, 내연기관 자동차(승용자동차)가 배기량을 기준으로 시시당 정해진 세액을 곱하여 산정한 세액을 연세액(年稅額)으로 하는 반면, 전기자동차의 경우는 내연기관이 없어 배기량을 기준으로 산정할 수 없기 때문에 1대당 100,000원(지방교육세 별도)의 연세액(年稅額)을 부과받고 있다. 일반 국민들의 입장에서는 전기자동차 보급확대라는 차원에서 정부의 정책과 관련 법제에 대해 공감하고는 있지만, 고가의 수입산 전기자동차를 구입하는 경우 정부 및 지방자치단체의 보조금을 받는 것 이외에도 자동차세까지 적게 납부하는 것은 탄소배출량을 줄이기 위한 정책이라고는 하지만 조세형평주의에도 위배된다며 자동차세 과세기준을 변경해야 한다는 불만이 나오고 있는 실정이고, 이를 위해 많은 연구가 진행되고 국회에 관련 법안이 상정되기도 하였다. 여기에서는 「2050 탄소중립」을 통해 국민들의 건강하고 쾌적한 환경에서 생활할 권리를 보장하도록 하기 위한 실천과제로 전기자동차 보급의 필요성을 검토하고, 전기자동차 보급에 따른 사회갈등이 될 수 있는 지방세법 관련 규정의 문제점을 검토한 후, 관련 개정 법률안과 외국사례 등을 통해 조세형평주의에 부합하는 전기자동차 세제의 개선방안을 모색하고 자 한다. With experiencing an abnormal climate change due to global warming in various parts of the world, the carbon neutrality for saving the one and only earth is becoming a global agenda. Many countries including our country are trying to establish and conduct a phased implementation plan for industrial fields of producing a lot of carbon in order to reduce the carbon emission quantity. Especially, even the transport area related to automobiles with high carbon emissions has one of the tasks to decrease carbon emissions with lessening the road traffic pollutant and curtailing the fossil fuel consumption through converting a car's internal combustion engine into a pure electric car or into a car suitable for eco-friendly energy. Accordingly, all the countries of the world are stepping up the development in an electric car aiming at the carbon neutrality of the transportation section. Our country is also striving to preoccupy world market through producing a completed electric car. However, in case of an electric car that is produced recently, its factory price is at least 1.5- 4 times higher than the existing internal combustion engine vehicle. In other words, it is the atmosphere unavailable for purchasing easily from the perspective of the general public if there is no subsidy. Hence, the central government and the local governments are gearing up in expanding a demand for eco-friendly car through implementing infrastructure to expand the supply of electric cars and through supporting subsidy aiming to diminish the domestic carbon emissions. Moreover, in accordance with the current local tax law, an internal combustion engine vehicle(automobile) has the annual tax assessment(年稅額) as the tax amount calculated by multiplying the tax amount per cc based on engine displacement. On the contrary, an electric car cannot be calculated on the basis of engine displacement because of having no internal combustion engine. Thus, the annual tax assessment(年稅額) at 100,000 won(local education tax separately) per 1 unit is being imposed. The people in general are sympathizing with the government policy and the related legislation in the dimension of expanding the supply of electric cars. But it is the real situation that there are complaints about which the automobile tax base should be changed with saying what pays less car tax even in addition to receiving subsidy from the government and the local government when buying the expensive imported electric cars violates even tax fairness despite being a policy to decrease the carbon emission quantity. To this end, many researches were progressed. And the related bills were ever presented to the National Assembly. As the practical task here to ensure the right of the people to live in a healthy and pleasant environment through 「2050 Carbon Neutrality」, the aim is to seek an improvement plan for a tax system of an electric car conforming with the tax equity through the relevant legislation and foreign cases after examining the necessity of supplying electric cars and after inquiring into problems about the provisions pertinent to the Local Tax Act, which can cause a social conflict owing to the supply of electric vehicles.

Fostering Attitudes and Customer Satisfaction for Sustainability by Electric Car-Sharing

Jinseo LEE,조윤정 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business( Vol.12 No.5

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore factors that affect electric car-sharing by highlighting issues of environmental sustainability and customer attitude and satisfaction. Research design, data and methodology: This study examined customers‟ perception on those issues by using electric car-sharing as usages of both electric car and car-sharing play a key role to improve sustainability. Online survey was applied to collect the data. This study also applied factor and regression analyses for data analysis. Results: The results of this study showed that effects of proposed factors including cost efficiency, emotion, safety, health, and sustainability on attitude toward electric car-sharing on attitude were significant. The results also showed that the effects on intention, satisfaction, and loyalty were significant. Conclusions: This study provides policy and managerial implications. By dealing with factors of electric car-sharing service, this study offers necessity of better strategies and policies for electric car-sharing service to electric car businesses and policy makers. This study also suggests that businesses should develop appropriate strategies for the improved usage of electric car-sharing by considering sustainability and improving relationships with customers. Further, government should consider to develop proper policies for sustainability by promoting the usages of electric car-sharing.

시계열 분석을 이용한 전기자동차 수요예측

김민근,장성호 한국산업경영시스템학회 2014 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.추계

The hottest conversation topic in motor vehicle industry now is environment-friendly car. After the rapid rise of oil price in 2008, most themes of motor shows in many countries became environment-friendly car. As the global issues of oil resource depletion and global warming combined with the interest in motor vehicle industry trying to secure new growth driving power and next generation leadership, environment-friendly car is no longer a matter in the future but it became an ongoing task. Different from existing studies which used regression analysis, this study analyzed the sales data of electric car by way of time-series analysis, which is being widely applied to the demand forecast in various fields including finance, economics and trading. The sales data of electric car from 1999 till 2013 was used in the forecast of electric car demand by way of model identification, parameter estimation of the identified model and suitability test of the model. In addition, clearer electric car demand forecast was sought by analyzing the relationship with the change of oil price. The significance of this study is that it did the demand forecast of electric car by time-series analysis.

내연기관 자동차에서 전기자동차로의 전환요인 분석 고찰

이일권(ILkwon Lee),국창호(Changho Kook),이정호(JeongHo Lee),함성훈(SungHoon Ham),이영숙(YoungSuk Lee),이승용(Seung Yong Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2023 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2023 No.11

This paper is to study and analyze the change factor including with combustion engine to electric car. In recent, the fossil fuel that a great part of the energy source existence in the earth was brought on the global warming phenomenon endangering the survial of mankind. It was been at the end of one’s rope that a mankind had to change with the electric car for decreasing a CO2 from the emission gas in the vehicle. But for changing a electric car, the every nations in the world must devicefully resolve the reduced work problem and the derivation problem causing with decline of the petroleum consumption. Resulting do a survey for purchase reason of a electric car, the cost of fuel was investigated in the highest ratio of 56.5% in the survey. This is the most important factor for economical aspect like fuel expense reduction. To increase the electric car, the charge expense will be maintained with low price continuously. In the questionnaire survey analysis for the supply expansion of electric car, a charging station secure was investigated in the highest ratio of 44.7% in the survey. This can forecast to think more important the practical convience than the electric vehicle price and environmentfriendly awareness. The prospect of electric vehicle marcket is predicted that the car makers to live in heavy competition must quickly read the market situation and sales strategy in the world because of discrepancy reduction of technical between the conventional and new car makers.

Research on Business Operating Model of New Energy Battery Electric Vehicles Used as Urban Logistics Cars

Guoping Cheng,Chengqiang Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.5

Nowadays, because of air pollution, the lack of energy and the rising demand of motor vehicles, china’s government has published much policy to encourage the development of the new energy car industry. However, it doesn’t work as expected for the lack of effective business model of the market promotion of the new energy car industry. The development of urban public environmental protection and logistics industry call a stable demand of urban logistics cars; and the environment pollution and traffic problem provide a wide space for the market of battery electric vehicles used as urban logistics cars. This paper analyzes current circumstances and problems of the market of new energy cars, provides a business operating model of battery electric vehicles, which is setting up an individual operating company, and states different operating models with different subject of operation. Based on all these conclusions, the paper discusses the implementation condition, process, economic benefit and relative policy advice of business promotion model of the individual operating company with a topic of battery electric vehicles used as urban logistics cars, in order to commercialize them from the demand of the market.

전기차 구매의사 영향요인에 대한 문헌 리뷰 및 실증분석: 소비자 심리적 특성 변인의 영향을 중심으로

주우진 ( Chu Wujin ),임미자 ( Im Meeja ),송미령 ( Song Mee Ryoung ) 한국소비자학회 2017 소비자학연구 Vol.28 No.6

전기차 소비 확산을 위해서는 전기차 구매에 영향을 미치는 요인은 무엇인지, 소비자들이 전기차를 어떻게 지각하고 있는 지에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 본 연구는 먼저 전기차 구매의사 영향요인에 대한 기존 문헌을 리뷰한 후에 한국 소비자들 565명을 대상으로 실증분석을 하였다. 전기차 구매에 영향을 미치는 요인, 특히 소비자의 심리적 특성의 영향 요인인 개인의 차에 대한 인식, 친환경성향, 혁신성향, 주행거리불안, 전기차에 대한 주관적 지식 수준이 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 리뷰하고 분석하였다. 실증 연구결과, 한국의 소비자들은 연령이 높을수록, 교육수준이 높을수록, 소득수준이 높을수록 전기차 구매의사가 높았으며, 성별은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 심리적 특성에서는 친환경성향이 높을수록, 혁신성향이 높을수록, 전기차에 대한 주관적으로 느끼는 지식수준이 높을수록, 전기차 구매의사가 높았다. 또한 친환경성향과 혁신성향은 높은 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 주행거리불안이 높을 수록 전기차 구매의사는 낮았지만, 주행거리불안이 현재 사용차량의 일일사용시간 및 연간사용량과는 무관하다는 결과를 놓고 볼 때 주행거리불안이 객관적 실체보다는 정서적 예측 오류일 수 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구는 한국 시장에서 전기차 구매의사에 영향을 미치는 심리적 특성 변수들의 영향을 분석하였다는 점에서 그 이론적 공헌이 있다. In order to increase consumption of electric cars, it is necessary to understand what factors affect the purchase of electric cars and how consumers perceive electric cars. This study first reviewed existing literature on the influence factors of electric vehicle purchase intention, and then conducted an empirical analysis of 565 Korean consumers. The effect of perception of a car’s functions, environmental concern, consumer innovativeness, range anxiety, and knowledge level on purchase intention was studied. Results of the empirical study show that age, income and education level have a positive influence on purchase intention of electric cars, while gender did not show any effect. With respect to psychological characteristics, the study reveals that environmental concern, consumer innovativeness, and knowledge on electric cars have a positive influence on the purchase intention of electric cars. Also, it was found that consumers’ environmental concern and innovativeness have high correlation. Finally, it is shown that predicted range anxiety is deemed higher when compared to the actual usage behavior, suggesting a failure of affect forecasting. This study has contributed to the theoretical contribution in analyzing the influence of psychological characteristics that affect the intention to purchase electric cars in the Korean market.

중국의 13차 5개년 규획 기간의 대기오염물질 배출과 대기오염물질 저감 정책: 자동차를 중심으로

趙廷元 ( Jungwon Cho ) 현대중국학회 2020 現代中國硏究 Vol.22 No.3

본 연구에서는 관련 문헌들과 중국의 정책 문건들에 대한 분석을 통해 중국의 13차 5개년 규획 기간(2016년 - 2020년)의 자동차 관련 대기오염물질 배출량 추이와 자동차 관련 대기오염물질 저감 정책의 현황을 설명하였다. 그리고 중국의 자동차 관련 대기오염물질 저감 정책의 성과와 문제점을 분석하였다. 중국 중앙정부와 지방정부의 지속가능발전과 생태문명 건설의 성과 창출을 위해 실시되고 있는 자동차 대기오염 저감 정책은 권위주의적 환경주의와 점진적 전이의 특성을 보여 주고 있다. 중국은 관료 엘리트들로 구성된 정부 기관들이 대기오염물질 저감 정책 목표의 달성과 성과 창출을 위해 자동차 사용과 관련된 개인의 권익을 제한하고 국민들의 참여는 정부 차원에서 필요한 정책들에 국한시키고 있다. 그리고 내연기관자동차에서 친환경차로의 전환, 대기오염물질 배출 기준의 강화는 단기간에 빠른 속도로 진행하면 내연기관자동차 중심의 산업 구조와 고용에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 또한 다수의 친환경차는 연료 공급 후 주행 거리가 내연기관자동차보다 짧다. 그로 인해 중국 중앙정부와 지방정부는 자동차들의 대기오염물질 배출량 저감 정책과 친환경차의 보급을 점진적으로 진행하고 있다. 중국에서는 많은 소비자들의 경유차, 가솔린차와 SUV 선호가 지속되고 있어서 친환경차의 판매량의 획기적인 증대가 쉽지 않다. 그리고 중국 소비자들의 경유차의 선호가 계속되면서 주민들의 호흡기와 혈압 관리에 어려움을 줄 수 있는 질소산화물 배출량의 감소에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 배터리 전기자동차와 수소자동차의 1차 연료 공급 후 주행 거리가 가솔린 차량 및 경유차와 동등해져야 소비자들의 친환경차 구입이 지금보다 늘어나면서 내연기관자동차의 중국 내 비중 축소, 자동차 대기오염 물질의 획기적 감소가 가능할 것이다. 이와 함께 중국의 중앙정부와 지방정부는 매연저감장치를 부착하지 않은 경유차와 노후 경유차의 운행에 대한 규제를 강화하여 경유차 운행으로 인한 대기오염물질 배출량의 감소를 유도할 필요가 있다. 또한 중국에서 활동하는 업체들은 자동차의 타이어와 브레이크, 도로 마모에서 배출되는 오염 물질의 양을 줄일 수 있는 기술에 대한 연구개발에도 관심을 가질 필요가 있다. 아울러 중국은 산관학 연구개발 협력을 통해 친환경차에 사용하는 전기, 수소의 제조 방법도 화석연료에 의존하지 않는 방식으로 전환하여 전력 생산과 수소 제조 과정에서의 대기오염물질 배출량의 저감을 유도해야 한다. This study explained the present situation of automobile-related air pollutant emission trends and automobile-related air pollutant reduction policies during China’s 13th five-year regulation period (2016 - 2020), analyzed the results and problems of China’s automobile-related air pollutant reduction policy through the analysis of relevant literature and China’s policy documents. China’s policy to reduce automobile air pollution, which is being implemented to achieve sustainable development and the construction of ecological civilization, shows the characteristics of authoritarian environmentalism and gradual transition. China limits individual rights and interests related to the use of automobiles by government agencies consisting of bureaucratic elites to achieve air pollutant reduction policy goals and to create achievements, and limits public participation to government-level policies. In addition, the transition from internal combustion engine cars to eco-friendly vehicles and the strengthening of air pollutant emission standards can negatively affect the industrial structure and employment centered on internal combustion engine cars if carried out at a fast pace in a short period of time. And many eco-friendly cars have shorter mileage than internal combustion engine cars after fueling. As a result, China’s central and local governments are gradually implementing policies to reduce the amount of air pollutant emitted by cars and to promote eco-friendly cars. China is reducing the total amount of air pollutant emissions by gradually strengthening standards for air pollutant emissions and supplying eco-friendly vehicles. It is also making progress in reducing emissions of some air pollutants, including fine dust. However, it is still difficult to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel cars. Moreover, Chinese consumers’ preference for diesel cars, gasoline cars and SUVs makes it difficult for them to increase sales of new energy vehicles. And as Chinese consumers continue to prefer diesel cars, they are having difficulty reducing nitrogen oxide emissions, which can make it difficult for residents to manage respiratory organs and blood pressure. Only when the mileage of battery electric vehicles and hydrogen cars is equal to gasoline vehicles and light oil vehicles can consumers buy more new energy cars than now, reducing the share of internal combustion engine cars in China and drastically reducing the amount of air pollutants in cars. Also, China’s central and local governments need to tighten regulations on the operation of diesel cars and old diesel cars that do not have smoke reduction devices, reduce the emissions of air pollutants from diesel cars more. In addition, Companies operating in China also need to be interested in research and development on technologies that can reduce the amount of pollutants emitted from tires, brakes and road wear on cars. Furthermore, through research and development under the national innovation system, China should change its method of electricity generation and hydrogen production used in eco-friendly cars to a way that does not rely on fossil fuels to reduce air pollutant emissions more significantly.

일제 식민지기 경성부 교외 지역의 전차 문제와 지역 운동 : 1932~33년 전차 교외선 폐지 반대 운동을 중심으로

김제정 서울시립대학교 부설 서울학연구소 2007 서울학연구 Vol.- No.29

The movement against the abolishment of the electric cars' outskirts line, which continued during 1932 and 1933, was a local movement originated from the outskirts area of the Gyeongseong-bu. This movement was based upon the dual structure of the Gyeongseong area and also the interests of the majority of the local residents, and continued for quite some time. The movement also involved, albeit partially, a nationalist agenda, and therefore was supported by the Joseon community as well. The movement proceeded in the most typical fashion we can observe from the Japanese occupation period. The issues were originated from the local resident leaders' meetings, then further discussed in conferences between representatives of Dong·Ri units, and then a movement community was organized to raise money and propagate their issues, and such efforts eventually resulted in the commencement of resident campaigns and submission of appeals. This movement was a rare success compared to other movements that were attempted under the colonial ruling. Although the movement featured one big flaw of having the colonial authorities involve themselves in the movement, the local movement itself was another opportunity of forming a public consensus nonetheless. And the concept suggested for the cause of the movement was 'public interest'. At the time, terms like 'public interest' or 'public matter' meant 'the interest of the majority', and in local movements, these terms meant the 'common interest of the loceil residents'. Electric cars were public assets that were usually used by all the members of local communities, so such assets always had the potential to generate a region-wide issue of common interest regardless of social classes or nationalities. In case of this electric car issue, 'safety and conveniences', 'protection of existing rights', 'local developments' were raised as reasons why such movement was necessary. And compared to this 'public interest' in the issue involving electric cars, the private(私) interest was known to be represented by a civilian company narned the Gyeongseong Electricity corporation. There was a social perceptive that civilian cornpanies in charge of public-natured businesses were required to serve public interests even such serving would limit the companies' pursuit of private interests or their excercise of property rights. The movement was led by local influentials, and also the collaborators of the colonial authorities. They maintained their cause of public interest while also holding onto their private profits, and the cause of 'local development' was what made that possible. This 'local development' cause was a social and economical basis which legitimatized the concept of collaborating with the colonial ruling, and the public's being assimilated into the occupation system.