백강잠(Bombyx Mori Linne) 물추출물의 미백 효능

안영희,최정숙 한국패션뷰티학회 2006 한국패션뷰티학회지 Vol.4 No.4

Numerous novel ingredients have been introduced for the hight functionality of whitening cosmetics. Through the preliminary research, we have found water extracts Bombyx mori have high whitening efficacy. The results of the research for the whitening effect of Bombyx Mori L. are as follow 1. Bombyx Mori L. inhibited concentration dependently the generation of melanin increased by the stimulation of a-MSH and protoporphyrin IX, and ICso value was 8.3, 9.2 pM respectively. 2. Melanin increased by the stimulation of a-MSH and protoporphyrin IX was five to seven times superior in the inhibiting effect, compared with kojic acid used as positive control group. 3. Bombyx Mori L. did not have a decolorizing effect on melanin already generated. 3. Bombyx Mori L. was observed to have toxicity of over 100 pM for the mouse melanoma B16 cells. Therefore, These results suggest that water extracts of Bombyx mori have inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase and inhibitory activity of melanin synthesis in B16 mela- noma cells in vitro.

누에, 맥문동복합물의 흉선 림프절내 T세포 활성 유도 효능 연구

김일규 ( Il Gyu Kim ),박해진 ( Hae-jin Park ),김경조 ( Kyeong Jo Kim ),김수현 ( Soo Hyun Kim ),김민주 ( Min Ju Kim ),이진아 ( Jin A Lee ),노성수 ( Seong-soo Roh ) 대한본초학회 2018 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.33 No.5

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate effects on the immune system of Bombyx mori L. and Liriopis seu Ophiopogonis Tuber mixture (BL) in Thymus, Lymph Nodes. Methods : Eight-week-old male Balb/c mice were divided into five groups : Group one included the normal mice (Nor). Positive control group two administrated with red ginseng (RG) 100 mg/kg . Group three administrated with Bombyx mori L. (BX) 300 ㎎/㎏. Group four administrated with Liriopis seu Ophiopogonis Tuber (LP) 300 ㎎/㎏. Group five administrated with the mixture of Bombyx mori L. and Liriopis seu Ophiopogonis Tuber (BL) 300 ㎎/㎏. After 2 weeks administration, mice were sacrified and antigen receptor in Thymus, Lymph Nodes was analyzed by using Fluorescence Activated Cellorter Sorting (FACS). we counted the total of Thymus and Lymph Nodes cells. GOT (glutamlc oxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamlc pyruvic transamlnase) in serum were analyzed after experiment. Results : In Effects of Nor, RG, BX, LP, BL on the ratio of CD4+CD8+, CD4+CD69+ and CD4+CD25+ T cell in Thymus and Lymphnode, BL is higher than other groups except Nor in CD4+, CD4+CD69+, CD4+CD25+ T cell. The number of Thymus and Lymph Nodes increased in BL. In the level of GOT and GPT, BL decreased comparing to others group except Nor. Conclusions : BL may have effect on T cells in Thymus, Lymph Nodes. In addition, Bombyx mori could be immune functional material with others herb materials.

Line × Tester Analysis of Certain Quantitative Traits in Silkworm Bombyx mori L. under Optimum and Stress Rearing Conditions

P. Sudhakara Rao,R. K. Datta,K. M. Vijaya Kumari,A. K. Palit,S. A. Bhat 한국잠사학회 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.8 No.1

The combining abilities in the 5 newly evolved thermo tolerant breeds viz., SR6, SR7, SR8 SR9 and SR10 of silkworm Bombyx mori L. and their 15 hybrids were made in a line ´ tester crossing programme. Data were analysed for seven quantitative traits i.e., pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio, filament length and raw silk percentage under optimum room temperature (25 ± 1oC) conditions (In case of high temperature (36 ± 1oC) stress conditions five economic traits except filament length and raw silk percentage) with 3 widely adapted testers i.e., KA, CSR2 and CC1 as lines (females) and testers (males) respectively. The performance at high temperature and low humidity conditions are only taken into consideration for selecting the best lines/ hybrids. Among the lines SR6 exhibited positive General combining ability (GCA) effects for pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight and cocoon shell ratio traits, followed by SR7 for pupation rate, cocoon yield and cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio. Among testers, KA exhibited positive GCA effects for two quantitative traits cocoon yield, cocoon weight and CSR2 for cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio under adverse temperature conditions. The hybrid SR6 ´ CC1 and SR7 ´ CSR2 exhibited significant positive Specific combining ability (SCA) effects for majority of the traits in high temperature stress conditions of rearing. The better parent value of heterosis (Heterobeltiosis) was exhibited by the hybrid SR6 ´ CC1 for pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight and SR7 × CSR2 for all the traits evaluated under high temperature conditions. Based on the results, the lines SR6 and SR7 was judged as best combiners and the hybrids SR6 ´ CC1 and SR7 ´ CSR2 can be selected

Studies on Analysis of Combining Ability in the Mulberry Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Singh, Ravindra,Rao, D.Raghavendra,Kariappa, B.K.,Premalatha, V.,Dandin, S.B. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.6 No.2

Analysis of combining ability is a widely used biometrical tool to select promising parents and hybrids, to determine the kinds and relative magnitudes of genetic variability among hybrids as well as to forecast yield attributes in early breeding generations both in plants and animals. Various statistical approaches like Jinks and Hayman (1953), Griffing (1956), Kempthorne (1957) etc. have been extensively applied in plants. These approaches have also been tried in the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. In the present review, an attempt has been made to collect most of the studies carried out on combining ability in silkworm at one place and make it available to the scientists engaged in sericultural research.

Breeding of New Productive Bivoltine Hybrid, CSR12 $\times$ CSR6 of Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

Datta, R.K.,Basavaraja, H.K.,Reddy, N.Mal,Kumar, S.Nirmal,Kumar, N.Suresh,Babu, M.Ramesh,Ahsan, M.M.,Jayaswal, K.P. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2001 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.3 No.2

With an objective of evolving quantitatively and qualitatively superior bivoltine breeds/hybrids of silkworm Bombyx mori L. for tropical conditions, breeding work was initiated in Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore during 1992 by utilizing two Japanese hybrids namely BNl8$\times$BCS25 and Shunrei$\times$Shogetsu along with Indian evolved breed, KA. The breed CSR12 which is characterized with sex-limited larval marking and white oval cocoons was evolved from the Japanese hybrid BNl8 ${\times}$ BCS25 by crossing with KA, while the breed CSR6 which is characterized with normal marking (marked larvae) and white dumbbell cocoons was extracted from the Japanese commercial hybrid Shunrei${\times}$Shogetsu through continuous inbreeding coupled with selection. After fixation, these breeds along with other newly evolved breeds were subjected to hybrid study under optimum environmental conditions in the laboratory for expression of full potential of the genotypes. These hybrids were evaluated by Multiple Trait Evaluation Index (Mano et al., 1993). The hybrid CSR12${\times}$CSR6 was selected based multiple trait evaluation index value. The hybrid CSR12$\times$CSR6 recorded survival of 96.0%, shell weight of 50.0 cg, shell ratio of 24.3%, raw silk percentage of 19.6, filament length of 1,216 m, boil off loss of 22.4% and renditta of 5.1. On the other hand, the control hybrid (KA ${\times}$ NB4D2) has recorded survival of 90.6%, shell weight of 42.1 cg, shell ratio of 20.4%, raw silk percentage of 15.9, filament length of 999 m, boil off loss of 24.8% and renditta of 6.3. The hybrid CSR12$\times$CSR6 was authorized during 1997 by Central Silk Board, Government of India for commercial exploitation during favourable months based on national level race authorization test.

Evolution and Identification of Thermo-Tolerant Hybrids in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Begum, A.Naseema,Rekha, M.,Basavaraja, H.K.,Ahsan, M.M. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2003 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.6 No.2

Four thermo-tolerant lines of silkworm, Bombyx mori, (L.) viz., A HT, B HT (Chinese type) and F HT, G HT (Japanese type) were evolved by utilizing the breeding resource material (identified from initial screening at a temperature of 31 ${\pm} 1^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity 85 ${\pm}$ 5%) through conventional breeding. These tolerant lines were crossed with productive breeds and forty four hybrids were evaluated on eight economic traits by the Multiple Trait Evaluation Index Method. Ten hybrids were short-listed based on the average evaluation index value larger than 50 for eight economic traits studied. The identified ten hybrids recorded higher index values (> 50) for most of the traits studied. Single hybrid G ${\times}$ CSR12 indicated average index value larger than 50 for six traits viz., pupation number (58), cocoon weight (67), shell weight (65), average filament length (74), raw silk % (69), reelability % (51) except for shell ratio % (41). The standard deviation of the cocoons in the above hybrid was 8.41 in the hybrid cocoon length and width measurement. However, two selected hybrids viz., A ${\times}$ CSR5 and G ${\times}$ CSR13 recorded average index value larger than 50 for all the traits viz., pupation number (57, 60), cocoon weight (50, 54), shell weight (56, 57), shell ratio percentage (59, 53), average filament length (55, 60), raw silk percentage (63, 67) and reelability percentage (53, 53). The standard deviation of the cocoons in the two selected hybrids viz., A ${\times}$ CSR5 and G ${\times}$ CSR13 was 8.41 and 8.06 respectively in the cocoon length and width measurement.

Characteristics of genes in carotenoid cocoon color, Bombyx mori L.

( Ju-han Lee ),( Min-uk Kang ),( Kwan-ho Park ),( Si-kab Nho ) 한국잠사학회 2017 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.35 No.2

The cocoon’s color of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. is usually white. But some are yellow, flesh and green colors because of modified characteristics. The yellow and flesh cocoons depend on carotenoid pigments, green cocoons are determined by flavonoid pigments. The cocoon’s color is affected by the genes controlling penetration process from midgut to coelom and silk gland. Y (Yellow blood, 2-25.6) and I (Yellow-inhibitor, 9-16.2) genes are involved in the penetration process of carotenoid pigments from midgut to coelom, C (Outer-layer yellow cocoon, 12-7.2) and F (Flesh, 6-13.6) genes from coelom to silk gland. Therefore, the carotenoid cocoon’s color depends on the genotype Y, I, C and F genes and their combination. Among them, C gene is sympathetic gene, which are known as C, CI and CD. C (Outer-layer yellow cocoon) genes make yellow cocoons on outer-layer and white cocoons on inter-layer, and CI (Inner-layer yellow cocoon) genes do yellow cocoons on inter-layer and dilute yellow cocoons on outer-layer. CD gene is known as making dilute yellow cocoons all layer. In this study, we have checked the dominance relation of C sympathetic genes among carotenoid genes for color cocoons by using strains related to the genes for color cocoons and investigated the aspect that pigments were penetrated in silk gland by action of each gene. ⓒ 2017 The Korean Society of Sericultural Sciences Int. J. Indust. Entomol. 35(2), 71-76 (2017)

간장조직의 활성산소 및 그 제거효소에 미치는 누에(Bombyx mori L.) 분말의 영향

최진호,김대익,박수현,김정민,조원기,이희삼,류강선 한국생명과학회 2000 생명과학회지 Vol.10 No.4

This study was designed to investigate the effects of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) powder (SWP) on oxygen radicals and their scavenger enzymes in liver membranes of rats. Sprague-Dawley(SD) male rats(160$\pm$10g) were fed basic diet (control group), and experimental diets(SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups) added 200 and 400 mg/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Hydroxyl radical (.OH) levels resulted in a consistent decreases (4.0% and 7.2%, 5.0% and 14.1%, respectively) in liver mitochondria and microsomes of SWP-200 SWP-400 groups compared with control group, and O2 radical level was significantly decreased about 12% in liver cytosol of SWP-400 group compared with control group. Lipid peroxide(LPO) levels were significantly decreased (14.4% and 9.1%, respectively) in liver mitochondria and microsomes of SWP-400 group only compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were remarkably decreased about 12.7% and 16.3% in liver microsomes only of SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups, but significant difference between liver mitochondria could not obtained. Mn-SOD activities were remarkably increased (15.8% and 25.2%, respectively) in mitochondria of SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups, but significant difference between Cu, Zn-SOD activities in these group could be not obtained. GSHPx activity was significantly increased in liver cytosol of SWP-400 group compared with control group. These results suggest that silkworm powder may play an effective role in a attenuating a oxidative stress and increasing a scavenger enzyme activity in liver membranes.

Characteristics of genes in carotenoid cocoon color, Bombyx mori L.

Lee, Ju-Han,Kang, Min-Uk,Park, Kwan-Ho,Nho, Si-Kab Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2017 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.35 No.2

The cocoon's color of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. is usually white. But some are yellow, flesh and green colors because of modified characteristics. The yellow and flesh cocoons depend on carotenoid pigments, green cocoons are determined by flavonoid pigments. The cocoon's color is affected by the genes controlling penetration process from midgut to coelom and silk gland. Y (Yellow blood, 2-25.6) and I (Yellow-inhibitor, 9-16.2) genes are involved in the penetration process of carotenoid pigments from midgut to coelom, C (Outer-layer yellow cocoon, 12-7.2) and F (Flesh, 6-13.6) genes from coelom to silk gland. Therefore, the carotenoid cocoon's color depends on the genotype Y, I, C and F genes and their combination. Among them, C gene is sympathetic gene, which are known as C, CI and CD. C (Outer-layer yellow cocoon) genes make yellow cocoons on outer-layer and white cocoons on inter-layer, and CI (Inner-layer yellow cocoon) genes do yellow cocoons on inter-layer and dilute yellow cocoons on outer-layer. CD gene is known as making dilute yellow cocoons all layer. In this study, we have checked the dominance relation of C sympathetic genes among carotenoid genes for color cocoons by using strains related to the genes for color cocoons and investigated the aspect that pigments were penetrated in silk gland by action of each gene.

간장의 산화적 스트레스 및 세포막 유동성에 미치는 누에분말의 영향

최진호,김대익,박수현,김정민,조원기,이희삼,류강선 한국생명과학회 2000 생명과학회지 Vol.10 No.5

This study was designed to investigate the effects of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) powder on oxidative stress and membrane fluidity in liver membranes of rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (160±10 g) were fed basic diet (control group), and experimental diets (SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups) added 200 and 400 mg/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. A significant differences between liver mitochondria and microsomes of SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups could not be obtained. Membrane fluidities were dose-dependently increased (14.8% and 28.5%, 20.0% and 29.9%) in liver mitochondria and microsomes of SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups compared with control group. Basal oxygen radicals (BOR) in liver mitochondria and mocrosomes were significantly inhibited (15.2% and 21.7%, 12.6% and 18.6%, respectively) by SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups compared with control group. Induced oxygen radicals (IOR) in liver microsomes were significantly inhibited (15.5% and 16.1%, respectively) by SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups compared with control group, but IOR in liver mitochondria was significantly inhibited about 12.0% by SWP-400 group only compared with control group. Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were significantly decreased (14.4% and 9.1%, respectively) in liver mitochondria and microsomes of SWP-400 group only compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were remarkably decreased about 12.7% and 16.3% in liver microsomes only of SWP-200 and SWP-400 groups, but significant difference between liver motochondria could not obtained. These results suggest that administration of SWP may play an effective role in a attenuating a oxidative stress and increasing a membrane fluidity in liver membranes.