농업부산물의 재활용을 위한 Vermistabilization에 관한 연구

김은호,하상영,손희정 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1997 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.6 No.1

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of bulking agents including cow manure, saw dust and rice straw in the ripening of leather sludge for vermistabilization. The changes of the waste properties for ripening time for 50 days were observed according to the various mixture ratios of leather sludge and bulking agents. The pH values of the mixture wastes were decreased from 7.5~8.5 to 6.4~7.3 with the ripening time for 50 days, and it was indifferent of the mixture ratio and type of the bulking agent. The initial value of oxidation-reduction potential(Eh) of the mixture waste was a negative(-)value indicating an unfavorable condition for earthworm life, but the values of Eh were increased with the ripening time. The increase rate of Eh value was proportional to the mixture ratio of bulking agents, but the increase rate for saw dust was higher than that of the cow manure and the rice straw. The value of alkalinity was also changed into the favorable range for earthworm after 50days except for 9:1 of the mixture ratio of leather sludge and bulking agents. When the mixture ratios of leather sludge to the bulking agents were increased from 6:4 to 9:1, the growth characteristics of earthworms were decreased from 95% to 31.7% for the survival rate, 225% to 103% for the liveweight increase rate. It can be concluded that the proper content of the bulking agents in the leather sludge to ensure effective vermistabilization was over 30%, when the mixture was ripened during 50 days.

전환기를 맞이한 일본 농업 ·농정의 전망

차홍균 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1998 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.7 No.1

The object of this study is to show the prospect of food problem, agricultural structure and rural area in transition. The major results of this study can be summarized as follows: Recently there are many changes in the circumstance surrounding Japanese agriculture: the shift in food consumption pattern of Japanese people, globalization of economic and social activities and the emerging environmental issues. In the food problem, the possibility of stable supply of food is one of the prime issues of agricultural policy and the needs for safe and various kind of food are increasing rapidly. In the agricultural structure while the number in farmhouse, labor population and farmland has continuously decreased, the degree of aging in labor forces and substituting male for female has deepening. Therefore the agricultural policy in the future should concentrate on the scale extension with younger successors. Last it is argued that the public benefit of agriculture and rural area should be reestimated its importance properly, especially in a place near or between hills in connection with environmental issue.

미국 농업정책의 변화와 특징

차홍균 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資原硏究所 1996 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.5 No.1

Some enterprises of Korean agriculture, especially livestock industry, have hardly kept its existence without importing the feed grain from the U.S. This fact tells us a great deal about the mutual supplimentary relationship between Korean and U.S. agriculture. Nevertheless we are apt to have interests in some sensational topics in the U.S. agriculture just like land erosion problems, food embargoes, making weapon of food and a severe drough in the midwest area lately. It is true that to understand the whole aspects of U.S. agriculture is not so easy because the nation is wide and the agriculture is locally speciallized. To avoid such a difficulty and grap the resent trend of U.S. agriculture effectively, I analyzed the transition and its characteristics of the U.S. agricultural policy. The major results of the study can be summarized as follows; First, the main contents of U.S. agricultural policy have varied dramatically from market-oriented policy to government intervention since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 and the subsequent farm bills enacted during the 1930s set up nearly every farm program institution that exits today. And those are famous of high level of price and income support policy. Since then the degree of government intervention has fluctuated but it shows the market-oriented tendency today. Second, the power structure historically in place that informally determined the outcome of farm bills resembled a troika: USDA, the farm organizations and the congressional agricultural committees. Now, farm bills are much more comprehensive and involve more than commodity policy. USDA is being reorganized, and other committees are involved in the process like, Budget, Finance, Ways and Means, Environment and Public Works, Energy and Commerce, Foreign Affairs. Nonfarm interest groups have a significant influence over as well as a stake in farm bills. But this does not mean that farm and their organizations have lost control and no longer influence farm bills. Traditional farm interests are now share with a multitude of nonfarm interest groups and farm lobby continues to be a potent force that extract billons from the federal treasury in the name of food security, economic stability, conservation, etc.

Characteristics of ethanol extracted propolis collected in korea.

Bang,KS 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資原硏究所 1996 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.5 No.1

벌집으로부터 수집되는 봉교(Propolis)는 민간요법으로 사용되어 왔으나 근래 새로운 천연 물질로서 연구되고 있다. 그러나 우리나라에서 생산되는 propolis에 대한 과학적인 연구는 없는바 경남 양산에서 채취한 propolis의 ethanol추출물에 대한 특성과 항생물질로서의 효과를 실험하여 보았든바 추출액의 UV spectrum은 최소치 254-256 최대치 292-296 nm였으며 박층 chromatography에서는 특이한 형광 band를 관찰할 수 있었다. 미생물에 대한 최소억제농도는 S. aureus에 대해서는 100㎕/㎖, E.coli에 대하서는 1000㎕/㎖이상, Candida albicans 대해서는 500 ㎕/㎖였다.

누에 배자와 난소의 초대 배양에 있어서 세포의 분화형태

최광호,손홍대,조은숙 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1997 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.6 No.1

곤충 세포의 초대 배양에 있어서 그 분화양상을 관찰하기 위하여 누에 배자와 난소를 초대 배양하였다. 그 결과 몇 가지 상이한 세포형이 관찰되었는데 배자 초대 배양의 분화형태는 상피형 세포와 망상조직을 형성하는 섬유상 세포가 관찰되었고, 난소에서는 주로 상피형 세포가 관찰되었다. 또한 두 조직 모두에서 거대 세포보다는 작지만 다소 큰 세포 형태가 관찰되었다. This study was carried out to investigation for differential charaterization of the cells in primary culture with insects. In the process of primary culture with embryos and larval ovaries of silkworm, Bombyx mori, three types of cells were observed. Fibroblast-like cells which formed network and epitherial-like cells migrated from embryos. But in case of ovaries, fibroblast-like cells were not found. Somewhat large cells but smaller than giant-cells were observed in the cultured embryos and ovaries.

公害 指標植物 들깨의 GAS 障害에 관한 硏究

鄭大守,谷山鐵郞 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1993 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.2 No.1

本 試驗은 1992年 4月부터 日本 三重大學生物資源學部 實驗圃場에서 公害에 비교적 약한 것으로 알려진 들깨(Perilla flutescens)의 6品種을 供試作物로 하여 1ppm, 0.5ppm 및 0.1ppm 등 낮은 濃度의 SO₂ gas를 開花結實期에 間歇的으로 20時間 處理하여 公害 地表植物로서의 利用 可能性이 있는지에 관한 試驗으로서 다음과 같은 몇가지 結果를 얻었다. 1.SO₂ gas 處理에 있어서 濃度 1ppm까지 에서는 葉綠素를 비롯한 莖徑, 穗數 및 光合成能力 等 거의 全 調査項目에서 有意性이 인정되었고, 0.5ppm 處理에 있어서도 葉綠素, 草長, 節數 및 穗數 等에서 有意性이 있었다. 2.SO₂ gas 處理에 따른 油脂含有率이나 脂肪酸 造成에 관한 差異는 없었다. 3.品種間에 있어서는 金海在來 및 紫蘇가 SO₂ gas에 대한 반응이 큰 品種으로 나타났다. A study was conducted to investigate useful possibility by air pollution indicator plant of perilla, and six varieties of perilla were intermittently treated during twenty hours by low concentration SO₂ gas (1ppm, 0.5ppm and 0.1ppm) in flowering and maturing stage, and this experiment was performed in Faculty of Bioresources, Mis University, Japan from April 1992. The results obtained were as follow: 1. Chlorophyll content, stem diameter, photosynthesis and almost characters were showed significant difference in SO₂ gas treatment of 1ppm concentration, and chlorophyll content, plant length, number of node and number of cluster were showed significant difference at also SO₂ gas treatment of 0.5ppm concentration. 2. In oil content and fatty acid composition, there was not showed significant difference by SO₂ gas treatment. 3. Kimhae and Andong local varieties and perillae folium were showed sensitive response about SO₂ gas treatment.

貯臟期間의 經過에 따른 들깨 種實內의 成分變化에 관한 硏究

鄭大守,金度勳,金賢勍 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1994 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.3 No.1

本 試驗은 水原, 大邱, 金海 및 濟州의 4個 地域에서 蒐集한 들깨種子를 東亞大學校 農科大學 附屬農場에서 1989年度부터 1993年度까지 栽培한 후, 年次的으로 常溫에서 貯藏하였으며, 貯藏期間은 1年에서 5年까지 하였고, 發芽率 및 電氣傳導度 檢定, 蛋白質含量, 全脂質의 化學的 特性과 粗脂肪 含量 및 脂肪酸粗成의 變化를 貯藏期間에 따라 比較 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1.들깨種實의 發芽率은 貯藏3年째부터 20% 以下로 급격히 減少하였다. 2.Acid value는 貯藏期間이 1∼3年 사이에는 거의 變化가 없었으나 3年 以後에는 急激히 增加하였고, iodine value는 貯藏期間이 經過함에 따라 減少하였다. 3.貯藏期間에 따른 粗脂肪 含量의 變化는 貯藏期間이 經過함에 따라 減少하였으며, 品種間에는 다른 品種에 비하여 大邱品種이 減少의 정도가 컸다. 4.脂肪酸 組成의 變化는 貯藏期間이 經過함에 따라 不飽和地方酸인 linoleic acid와 linolenic acid의 含量은 減少하였으나, oleci acid는 상대적으로 增加하였으며, 飽和脂肪酸인 palmitic acid와 stearic acid의 含量은 增加하였다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in germination rate, conductivity, protein content, acid value, iodine value, total lipids, and fatty acid composition according to storage period. The experiment was carried out from 1989 to 1993, and the samples were collected in Suwon, Daegu, Kimhae, and Cheju. The samples were stored in room temperature. The results obtained were as follows ; 1.Germination rate was rapidally decreased below 20% during 3 years in perilla seed. 2.Acid value was not definite according to storage periods from 1 to 3 years, but was rapidly increased after 3 years. However, iodine value was decreased according to storage periods. 3.Oil content was decreased in accordance with storage periods, and was lower Daegu variety than other varieties. 4.In the case of fatty acid composition, linoleic acid and linolenic acid decreased during storage period, but oleic acid were relatively increased, and palmitic acid and stearic acid increased.

농업소득 안정화을 위한 직접지불제 도입 방안

박진도,황연수 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資原硏究所 1996 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.5 No.1

Farm price and income instability will reemerge as a major problem of agriculture in the post Uruguay Round period. The Korean government attempts to introduce the various types of direct payment allowed by WTO, and the farm income stabilization program is one of those. The objective of this study is to examine necessities for and devices of farm income stabilization program. The major findings of the study are summarized as follows: 1. Considering Agreement on Agriculture of UR, foreign examples and characteristics of korean agriculture, it is desirable to introduce a whole-farm income stabilization program like Canadian NISA(Net Income Stabilization Account) rather than programs by commodity. 2. The farm income stabilization program recommended in this study is a voluntary program that helps producers save money in good times to stabilize their incomes when farm revenues drop. In the program, producers deposit funds(1.5% of gross receipts) into their own account and receive a matching contribution(3% of gross receipts) from the government. 3. By introducing this program, stabilization and support of the farm income, increase of food production and maintenance of regional society are expected. Opinion survey showed that 80 percent of regional experts were in favor of this program. 4. The problems to be solved in the process of the program include conflicts with other programs, low participation rate of farmers, moral hazard in investigating eligible gross receipts, and administrative and technical difficulties.

부산시 낙동강 하구지역의 철새도래에 의한 작물피해에 관한 연구

하상영 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1994 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.3 No.2

천연기념물 제179호인 낙동강하구 철새 도래지인 낙동강 하구언 상류의 3곳과 하류3곳, 즉 대저1동, 대저2동, 삼락동과 명지동, 장자도, 을숙도에 시험포장을 설치하여 춘파작물 엇갈이 배추, 당근, 열무, 근대, 추파작물은 보리, 밀, 겨울초, 시금치를 재배하여 철새 도래에 의한 피해와 농민들의 설문결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 춘파한 작물은 하구언 상류 시험포나 하류 장자도를 제외한 시험포의 피도기호는 5이며 철새 도래에 의한 피해는 없었다. 2) 춘파한 시험포장은 처리 및 작물간에는 경엽, 뿌리 생장에는 유의성이 없으나 당근은 엽길이, 엽폭, 엽무게가 유의성이 있어 뿌리가 무거워지는 경향이 있다. 3) 춘파한 작물의 건물무게는 엽과 뿌리에서 작물간에 함수량의 차이가 있는데 엽에 함수량이 많은 것은 엇갈이배추이고, 적은 것은 당근이며, 뿌리는 당근 이 함수량이 많고, 근대가 함수량이 적었다. 4) 추파한 작물은 하구언 상류 시험포와 하류 명지동 시험포가 피해가 없어 피도기호가 5이며, 하루의 장자도 경우는 한냉사 피복구와 무피복구 모두가 피도기호 0이며, 을숙도의 피도기호는 밀이 2.00, 보리, 겨울초, 시금치가 2.33이었다. 5) 추파한 장자도는 파종과 발아 즉시 철새에 의하여 한냉사 피복구나 무피복구 모두 한주의 작물도 없이 섭식당해 생장이 불가능 하였다. 6) 추파한 작물중 처리에 보리는 엽폭, 밀은 초장, 겨울초는 뿌리무게, 수확무게는 전 작물에 유의성이 있었다. 7) 추파한 작물의 건물무게는 엽과 뿌리에서 시금치가, 겨울초는 뿌리에서 작물종류와 시험포장간 함수량의 차이가 인정되었다. 8) 하구언 상류보다 하류 시험포장의 작물이 건물무게가 무거운 경향이 있다. 9) 낙동강하구 철새 도래지 지역에는 춘파 작물은 상치 46세대, 쑥갓 29세대, 촉성재배 결구배추 27세대 순이며 작물의 재배 종이 다양하며, 추파는 시금치, 배추, 외대파순이고 재배 작물종이 다양하지 않다. 10) 작물 재배에 의한 철새의 피해 경험이 있다가 93세대, 없다가 25세대이며, 피해율은 10% 이하 33세대, 50% 이상 29세대로 다양한 피해율이었다. 11) 철새에 의한 피해 줄이는 방법은 농업용 그물과 헌 비닐을 덮는다가 62세대, 그대로 둔다 36세대이며, 외대파를 재배하는 이유는 토성이 알맞아서였다. 12) 철새 도래현황은 줄고 있다. 86.88%이며, 감소요인은 낙동강과 환경오염이다가 약 70%였다. 13) 경작지의 용도는 그대로 경작한다와 전원도시로 개발한다가 같이 39%였고, 천연기념물 해제여부는 찬성과 반대가 각각 50%였다. This study was undertaken to investigated the damage of the crops by the migratory birds at the area of the Nakdong river-mouth, Pusan, which were designated as a natural monument (No. 179) for the habitat of the migratory birds. The study plots were respectively selected at 3 places in the upstream of the mouth, Dajeo 1 Dong, Daejeo 2 Dong, Samrak-Dong and at 3 places in the downstream, Myungji-Dong, Jangja-Do, Elusuk-Do. The crops cultivated in the study plots were divided into 2 groups : spring sowed crops-Chinese cabbage, carrot, radish, Swiss chard and fall sowed crops-barley, wheat, rape, spinach. The status of crop damage by the birds and the results of the survey from the farmers are summarising as follow : 1) Except the plots in the upstream and Jangja-Do, the values of the crop cover were all 5 and there were no damage on the spring sowed crops by the migratory birds. 2) There were no significant differences in the leaf and root growth between the cheesecloth treatment and the crops. However, in the case of carrot, there were significant differences in the leaf length, width and mass and was tend to heavy in the root mass. 3) The dry mass was different in leaves and roots among the spring sowed crops due to the moisture content. The moisture content of leaves was high in Chinese cabbage and low in carrot, and the content of roots was high in carrot and low in Swiss chard. 4) There were no significant damage on the fall sowed crops in the upstream plots and Myungji-dong in the downstream plots, which the values of the crop cover were 5 respectively. In the Jangja-Do plot, the corresponding values were all 0, and the values int he Eulsuk-Do were 2.00 (wheat) and 2.33 (rape and spinach) respectively. 5) In the Jangja-Do plot, the growth of the fall sowed crops was impossible because the seeds and germinated plants were fed by the migratory birds soon after the seeding. 6) The differences of harvesting mass were significant in all the fall sowed crops. There were also significant differences in leaf width of barley, height of wheat and root mass of rape. 7) There were significant differences in the moisture content between the crops and plots(e.g.. the dry mass was different in the leave and root of spinach and in the root of rape). 8) The dry mass of the crops tended to heavier in the downstream plots than in the upstream plots. 9) In the habitat of the migratory birds, the mouth of the Nakdong river, there were various spring sowed cultivar; lettuce(46 households), garland chrysanthemum (29) and Chinese cabbage (27). A few fall sowed cultivar were cultivated; spinach, Chinese cabbage and spring onion. 10) On the survey of the experience in the crop damage by the birds, 93 households had the experience and 25 had no experience. The damaging rate were varied : 33 households were less than 10% and 29 were more than 50%. 11) According to the survey, 62 households covered the cultivated fields with nets or plastic materials and 36 leaved the fields as that were. 12) Eighty eight percent of the survey answerers answered that the number of the migratory birds were decreasing every year. About 70% of the answerers thought that the environmental pollution is a main cause for the decreasing number of the birds. 13) The answerers replied that the cultivated land should be leaved as it is (39%) and developed as the garden city(39%). In the issue of the habitat for the birds, 50% of answerers were agreed to the closing down of the habitat and the rest of them were disagreed to that.

농업구조개혁의 정책 방향과 과제

이영기 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1994 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.3 No.2

This study was conducted to obtain the policy consensus on the direction and measures of structural reform in Korean agriculture. To achieve this research objective, the movement of structural change and the nature of structural problems in Korean agriculture were analyzed and the various policy proposals and the government policy on the reorganization of agricultural structure were examined. The major findings of this study are as fallow: 1. The nature of the agricultural structural problems in present time can be defined as the crisis in the owner-operated peasant farming system. This crisis consists of the various features such as the crisis of agricultural productivity, the crisis of the peasant farm management and farm household economy and the crisis of the owner-operated land property system. 2. Therefore, the policy of the agricultural structural reform should aim to overcome the crisis in the agricultural structure and the reestablish and develop the Korean agriculture to satisfy the national requirements. 3. To achieve this policy goal, the reform of agricultural structure should be directed toward : 1) organizing a large number of the small and middle farms to use their agricultural resources, namely their farmlands, labor forces and capital goods efficiently as well as supporting a small number of the upper-class farms, so-called the full-time farmers. 2) establishing a new system of agricultural technology to overcome the crisis of agricultural productivity; 3) reorganizing the farmland ownership and utilization to overcome the crisis of the owner-operated land property system. 4. And the concrete measures of agricultural structural reform should be selected in accordance with this policy direction.