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Rehman, Saeed Ur,Shaur, Ahmad,Song, Rak-Hyun,Lim, Tak-Hyoung,Hong, Jong-Eun,Park, Seok-Joo,Lee, Seung-Bok Elsevier 2019 Journal of Power Sources Vol.429 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The cost-effective fabrication of nanostructured cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) that catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction effectively is a milestone to be achieved. Infiltration being the conventional method for the fabrication of nanostructured SOFC cathodes requires many infiltration and calcination cycles due to the low catalyst loading per infiltration cycle. Chemically assisted electrodeposition (CAED), a new means of fabricating nanostructured SOFC cathodes in a single loading step, provides the advantage of the simultaneous deposition of multiple cations while using dilute aqueous solutions of readily available salts. In this study, CAED is demonstrated by fabricating a cobalt-free LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB>/GDC composite cathode. The LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB>/GDC composite cathode prepared by CAED exhibits superior electrochemical properties compared to LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB>/GDC composite cathodes fabricated by sintering or self-assembly (a recently introduced low-temperature SOFC cathode fabrication method) approaches. An anode-supported SOFC with a LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB>/GDC composite cathode fabricated by CAED shows a high power density of 974 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at an intermediate operating temperature of 750 °C. Low-temperature nano-fabrication by CAED, producing a cathode with a high surface area while avoiding the formation of insulating phases, is believed to play an important role in achieving better SOFC performance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB> was successfully nanofabricated by chemically assisted electrodeposition. </LI> <LI> Chemically assisted electrodeposition enabled LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB> incorporation in a single step. </LI> <LI> LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB> showed a uniform morphology throughout the body of the cathode layer. </LI> <LI> Nanofabricated LaNiO<SUB>3</SUB> cathode showed a performance of 974 mWcm<SUP>−2</SUP> at 750 °C. </LI> <LI> Chemically assisted electrodeposition shows promise for SOFC electrode fabrication. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Rehman, Atiq-ur,Rafique, Shahid,Ali, Amanat,Munir, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1990 Animal Bioscience Vol.3 No.4
Twenty-four Harnai lambs 6 to 7 month old, weighing $16{\pm}2kg$ were used in a completely randomized design in growth and digestibility trials to study fourwing saltbush ratio supplemented with cotton seed cake. The animal were divided at random into three groups of 8 animals each. Three iso-nitrogenous (10.5% CP) experimental rations (1, 2 and 3) containing wheat straw + lucerne hay (24:76); fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) + cotton seed cake (71:29); and wheat straw + cottonseed cake (41:59); respectively, were allotted to each group randomly. All the animals were taken out for grazing in a dormant native range for about 3 hours in the afternoon during the growth trial. The growth trial lasted for 8 weeks followed by a digestibility trial. At the end of 8 weeks lambs on ration 3 had gained significantly (p<0.10) more weight compared to those on rations 1 and 2 which maintained their body weight. The crude protein digestibility of the fourwing saltbush based ration was comparable with the other two treatments (71 vs 70 and 71%). However, the digestibility of dry matter (41%), acid detergent fibre (13%) and neutral detergent fibre (22%) of this ration was significantly lower (p<0.10) than the other two diets. The results suggest that lambs can be maintained on fourwing saltbush during winter without significant loss in body weight with 30% extra protein concentrate supplementation.
Rehman, Atiq-ur,Thompson, E.F.,Rafique, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1996 Animal Bioscience Vol.9 No.6
Fifteen sheep were used in a trial which compared the feeding value of whole barley gain and cottonseed cake as supplements to a basal diet of leaves of fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens). Diet SB contained 700 g (air-dry matter) of saltbush alone, diet SB + BG contained 700 g SB with 400 g whole barley grain and diet SB + CS contained 700 g SB with 400 g cottonseed cake. The digestibility of the dry matter of diets SB (69%) and SB + CS (70%) were lower (p < 0.001) than of diet SB + BG (76%). Sheep offered SB alone daily lost 80g whereas those fed the other diets gained 11 g (SB + CS) or 17 g (SB + BG) per day. Daily water consumption of the sheep offered the three diets was similar (p > 0.05), but their water consumption was higher (p < 0.001) than that of sheep offered daily 700 g wheat straw and 200 g barley grain. The results indicate that, at the levels of feeding used, barley grain and cottonseed cake had similar value as supplements to fourwing saltbush harvested in summer. The addition of the supplement allowed the sheep to gain some live weight. However, the presence of saltbush leaves in the diet resulted in higher water intakes by the sheep.
Silicon space solar cells: progression and radiation-resistance analysis
Rehman, Atteq ur,Lee, Sang Hee,Lee, Soo Hong 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.4
<P>In this paper, an overview of the solar cell technology based on silicon for applications in space is presented. First, the space environment and its effects on the basis of satellite orbits, such as geostationary earth orbit (GEO) and low earth orbit (LEO), are described. The space solar cell technology based on silicon-based materials, including thin-film silicon solar cells, for use in space was appraised. The evolution of the design for silicon solar cell for use in space, such as a backsurface field (BSF), selective doping, and both-side passivation, etc., is illustrated. This paper also describes the nature of radiation-induced defects and the models proposed for understanding the output power degradation in silicon space solar cells. The phenomenon of an anomalous increase in the short-circuit current (I-sc) in the fluence irradiation range from 2 x 10(16) cm(-2) to 5 x 10(16) cm(-2) is also described explicitly from the view point of the various presented models.</P>
Rehman, Saeed Ur,Song, Rak-Hyun,Lim, Tak-Hyoung,Park, Seok-Joo,Hong, Jong-Eun,Lee, Jong-Won,Lee, Seung-Bok Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.16
<P>In this study, a new method is developed for the fabrication of nanofibrous LaCoO3 (LCO) perovskites as cathodes (oxygen electrodes) for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The proposed method involves chemically assisted electrodeposition (CAED) of mixed metal hydroxide onto a carbon nanotube (CNT) template, followed by a low-temperature heat-treatment process. The CNT template is first fabricated on porous zirconia-based ion-conducting scaffolds (ICS) by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) of C2H4. Perovskite-type LCO is then fabricated on the CNT template by CAED process of mixed La-Co hydroxide combined with thermal conversion of hydroxide to perovskite oxide. The method proposed here allows for the fabrication of LCO perovskites with a unique nanofibrous structure at reduced temperatures (∼900 °C), while avoiding the formation of pyrochlore phases (<I>e.g.</I>, La2Zr2O7), which are typically observed during conventional high-temperature sintering processes of LaCoO3 with zirconia-based electrolytes. The new method also provides the precise control needed to achieve desired oxide loadings without the need for repeated deposition-annealing processes. The anode-supported SOFCs with nanofibrous LCO cathodes on zirconia and ceria scaffolds show high and stable electrochemical performance of 0.95 and 1.27 W cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, respectively, at 800 °C. In addition to the absence of insulating pyrochlore phases, the unique nanostructure of the LCO cathode is believed to play a beneficial role in improving the electrochemical properties by providing a large number of active reaction sites and by facilitating mass transport through the porous nanofibrous structure.</P>
Security of a control key in quantum key distribution
ur Rehman, Junaid,Qaisar, Saad,Jeong, Youngmin,Shin, Hyundong World Scientific Publishing Company 2017 MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B Vol.31 No.11
<P>Quantum key distribution (QKD) schemes rely on the randomness to exchange secret keys between two parties. A control key to generate the same (pseudo)-randomness for the key exchanging parties increases the key exchange rate. However, the use of pseudo-randomness where true randomness is required makes a classical system vulnerable to the known plain-text attack. Contrary to the belief of unavailability of this attack in QKD, we show that this attack is actually possible whenever a control key is employed. In this paper, we show that it is possible to make use of the uncertainty principle to not only avoid this attack, but also remove the hazards of photon-number splitting attack in quantum setting. We define the secrecy of control key based on the guessing probability, and propose a scheme to achieve this defined secrecy. We show the general applicability of our framework on the most common QKD schemes.</P>