Phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Dimocarpus longan Lour.

Zhuo Wang,Xiaoxv Gao,Wenfeng Li,Si Tan,Qiaoran Zheng 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.5

The aim of this study was to compare the phenoliccompound profiles and antioxidant capacities of eightvarieties of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) planted inthe middle and upper Yangtze River area. The totalpolyphenols content (TPC) and total flavonoids content(TFC) of dried longan pulp ranged from 1.07 ± 0.05 to1.22 ± 0.05 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 0.25 ± 0.07to 0.87 ± 0.14 mg rutin equivalents/g. UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS analysis revealed 12 individual polyphenol compoundsin longan. The Fuwan8, Dongliang and FD97 varietiesshowed the strongest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 of1.03 g/mL). The highest ABTS? scavenging activity wasfound in the Dongliang. In the enzyme assays, the Fuwan8and Dongliang varieties demonstrated maximum a-amylaseand a-glucosidase inhibition activities, with values of97.56 and 88.58%, respectively. The principal componentanalysis indicated that the Rongyu8 and Songfengbencultivars have nearly analogous polyphenol compounds.

Structure-Preserving Mesh Simplification

( Zhuo Chen ),( Xiaobin Zheng ),( Tao Guan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.11

Mesh model generated from 3D reconstruction usually comes with lots of noise, which challenges the performance and robustness of mesh simplification approaches. To overcome this problem, we present a novel method for mesh simplification which could preserve structure and improve the accuracy. Our algorithm considers both the planar structures and linear features. In the preprocessing step, it automatically detects a set of planar structures through an iterative diffusion approach based on Region Seed Growing algorithm; then robust linear features of the mesh model are extracted by exploiting image information and planar structures jointly; finally we simplify the mesh model with plane constraint QEM and linear feature preserving strategies. The proposed method can overcome the known problem that current simplification methods usually degrade the structural characteristics, especially when the decimation is extreme. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method, compared to other simplification algorithms, can effectively improve the quality of mesh and yield an increased robustness on noisy input mesh.

Analysis on Coexistence of Ultra Wideband with OFDM-Based Communication Systems

Zhuo Li,Weixia Zou,Bin Li,Zheng Zhou,Xiaojun Huang IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on electromagnetic compatibility Vol.53 No.3

<P>Considering the potential interference of ultrawideband (UWB) on OFDM-based wireless communication systems, this paper studies coexistence issue between UWB with both impulse radio (IR) and multiband (MB) modulation and IEEE802.11n, WiMAX, and LTE downlink systems, using physical layer modeling strategy. According to the physical characteristics of UWB and the victim systems, entire physical layer models are set up. Based on the requirements of bit error rate (BER) and receiver sensitivity of the three victim systems, the emission limits of UWB are respectively obtained. Compared with a method based on interference to noise ratio (I/N) criteria, this method reflects the effect of the actual systems, so the conclusion can provide the reference to formulating the frequency spectrum of UWB within the operating frequency bands of the victim systems. Besides, we also reveal that IR-UWB should be more strictly regulated compared with MB-OFDM because of its time domain characteristic.</P>

Identifying Differentially Expressed Genes and Screening Small Molecule Drugs for Lapatinib-resistance of Breast Cancer by a Bioinformatics Strategy

Zhuo, Wen-Lei,Zhang, Liang,Xie, Qi-Chao,Zhu, Bo,Chen, Zheng-Tang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24

Background: Lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor that interrupts the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2/neu pathways, has been indicated to have significant efficacy in treating HER2-positive breast cancer. However, acquired drug resistance has become a very serious clinical problem that hampers the use of this agent. In this study, we aimed to screen small molecule drugs that might reverse lapatinib-resistance of breast cancer by exploring differentially expressed genes (DEGs) via a bioinformatics method. Materials and Methods: We downloaded the gene expression profile of BT474-J4 (acquired lapatinib-resistant) and BT474 (lapatinib-sensitive) cell lines from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using dChip software. Then, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed with the DAVID database. Finally, a connectivity map was utilized for predicting potential chemicals that reverse lapatinib-resistance. Results: A total of 1, 657 DEGs were obtained. These DEGs were enriched in 10 pathways, including cell cycling, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion associate examples. In addition, several small molecules were screened as the potential therapeutic agents capable of overcoming lapatinib-resistance. Conclusions: The results of our analysis provided a novel strategy for investigating the mechanism of lapatinib-resistance and identifying potential small molecule drugs for breast cancer treatment.

Plasma metabolites associated with physiological and biochemical indexes indicate the effect of caging stress on mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

Zheng Chao,Wu Yan,Liang Zhen Hua,Pi Jin Song,Cheng Shi Bin,Wei Wen Zhuo,Liu Jing Bo,Lu Li Zhi,Zhang Hao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.2

Objective: Cage rearing has critical implications for the laying duck industry because it is convenient for feeding and management. However, caging stress is a type of chronic stress that induces maladaptation. Environmental stress responses have been extensively studied, but no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes in plasma metabolites at different stages of caging stress in ducks. We designed this experiment to analyze the effects of caging stress on performance parameters and oxidative stress indexes in ducks. Methods: Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) was used to determine the changes in metabolites in duck plasma at 5 (CR5), 10 (CR10), and 15 (CR15) days after cage rearing and traditional breeding (TB). The associated pathways of differentially altered metabolites were analyzed using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database. Results: The results of this study indicate that caging stress decreased performance parameters, and the plasma total superoxide dismutase levels were increased in the CR10 group compared with the other groups. In addition, 1,431 metabolites were detected. Compared with the TB group, 134, 381, and 190 differentially produced metabolites were identified in the CR5, CR10, and CR15 groups, respectively. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) show that the selected components sufficiently distinguish the TB group and CR10 group. KEGG analysis results revealed that the differentially altered metabolites in duck plasma from the CR5 and TB groups were mainly associated with ovarian steroidogenesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and phenylalanine metabolism. Conclusion: In this study, the production performance, blood indexes, number of metabolites and PCA were compared to determine effect of the caging stress stage on ducks. We inferred from the experimental results that caging-stressed ducks were in the sensitive phase in the first 5 days after caging, caging for approximately 10 days was an important transition phase, and then the duck continually adapted. Objective: Cage rearing has critical implications for the laying duck industry because it is convenient for feeding and management. However, caging stress is a type of chronic stress that induces maladaptation. Environmental stress responses have been extensively studied, but no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes in plasma metabolites at different stages of caging stress in ducks. We designed this experiment to analyze the effects of caging stress on performance parameters and oxidative stress indexes in ducks.Methods: Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) was used to determine the changes in metabolites in duck plasma at 5 (CR5), 10 (CR10), and 15 (CR15) days after cage rearing and traditional breeding (TB). The associated pathways of differentially altered metabolites were analyzed using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database.Results: The results of this study indicate that caging stress decreased performance parameters, and the plasma total superoxide dismutase levels were increased in the CR10 group compared with the other groups. In addition, 1,431 metabolites were detected. Compared with the TB group, 134, 381, and 190 differentially produced metabolites were identified in the CR5, CR10, and CR15 groups, respectively. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) show that the selected components sufficiently distinguish the TB group and CR10 group. KEGG analysis results revealed that the differentially altered metabolites in duck plasma from the CR5 and TB groups were mainly associated with ovarian steroidogenesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and phenylalanine metabolism.Conclusion: In this study, the production performance, blood indexes, number of metabolites and PCA were compared to determine effect of the caging stress stage on ducks. We inferred from the experimental results that caging-stressed ducks were in the sensitive phase in the first 5 days after caging, caging for approximately 10 days was an important transition phase, and then the duck continually adapted.

Revisiting the Purpose of Health Education and Physical Education and Its Relationship

Zheng Benxia(쫀벤샤),Qiu Shuoli(치오수리),Zhuo Yan(주오옌) 한국웰니스학회 2020 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 건강교육(HE)과 체육(PE)의 의미와 역할, 그 관계를 다시 살펴보는 것이었다. 많은 중국 PE 교사들은 새로 개정된 PE 교육과정을 혼동하고 있으며, 여전히 체육특기만을 가르치는 데 중점을 둔 전통적인 PE 모델을 습관적으로 따르고 있다. 때문에 체육교육자들이 중국에서 양질의 PE를 실천할 수 있도록 HE와 PE의 의미 및 역할의 상호관계를 명확히 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해, HE와 PE에 관한 문헌을 검토하여 연구문제에 답하였다. 이 연구는 HE와 PE가 공통점을 가지고 있지만 약간 다르다는 것을 발견했다. 공통점은 다음과 같다: 각 과목의 주요 교육 목표, 행동변화 및 교육이 이루어지는 장소. 차이점은 주로 건강에 영향을 미치는 요인의 관점과 건강을 향상시키기 위해 접근하는 방법이다. 결론적으로, 중국에서 새로운 “스포츠(건강) 교과 과정 표준 (개요)”의 구현은 이상적이지 않다. 학생들의 체력 저하가 지속되는 것은 새로운 기준의 실패 때문일 것이다. 현재 당면한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 국가 PE 교육과정과 표준 설계를 담당하는 교육자들이 HE와 PE의 목적, HE와 PE가 해야 할 일, HE와 PE의 목적을 어떻게 달성할 수 있는지 등을 진지하게 고민할 필요가 있다. 이러한 고려는 중국의 PE와 HE의 질을 발전시키고 다른 선진국들과 보조를 맞추는 데 도움이 될 것이다. The purpose of this study was to revisit the connotation and role of health education (HE) and physical education (PE) and their relationship. Since many PE teachers are confused with the newly established PE curriculum in China and still habitually following the traditional PE model which merely focuses on the teaching of sports skills, it is necessary to clarify the meaning and role of HE and PE and their mutual relations to help physical educators to implement quality PE in China. To achieve the purpose of this study, this study reviewed the works of literature regarding HE and PE to answer the research questions. This study found that HE and PE share the common points but differ slightly. The common points are as followings: the primary educational goal of each subject, behavior change, and place where the education occurs. The differences are mainly the perspectives of influencing factors of health and ways to approach to enhance health. In conclusion, the implementation of the new “Sports (and Health) Curriculum Standards (Outline)” in China is not ideal. The continued decline of the physical fitness of students may be due to the failure of the new standards. To solve the currently facing problem, educators who are in charge of designing national PE curriculums and standards need to seriously consider the purpose of HE and PE, what HE and PE should do, and how the purpose of HE and PE can be achieved. This consideration would help to develop the quality of PE and HE in China and keep pace with other advanced countries.

Inhibitory effect of pyrogallol on α-glucosidase: Integrating docking simulations with inhibition kinetics

Zheng, Li,Lee, Jinhyuk,Yue, Li-Mei,Lim, Gyu Tae,Yang, Jun-Mo,Ye, Zhuo-Ming,Park, Yong-Doo Elsevier 2018 International journal of biological macromolecules Vol.112 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study we conducted serial kinetic studies integrated with computational simulations to judge the inhibitory effect of pyrogallol on α-glucosidase, due to the association between this enzyme and the treatment of type 2 diabetes. As a result, we found that pyrogallol bound to the active site of α-glucosidase, interacting with several key residues, such as ASP68, MET69, TYR71, PHE157, PHE158, PHE177, GLN181, HIS348, ASP349, ASP406, VAL407, ASP408, ARG439, and ARG443, which was predicted by performing a protein-ligand docking simulation. Subsequently, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of pyrogallol on α-glucosidase, and found that it induced a mixed type of inhibition in a reversible and quick-binding manner. The relevant kinetic parameters were evaluated to be: <I>IC</I> <SUB>50</SUB> =0.72±0.051mM; <I>K</I> <SUB>i</SUB> =0.37±0.018mM. A tertiary conformational change was synchronized with pyrogallol inhibition and modulation of the shape of the active site was correspondingly observed. Our study provides insight into the functional inhibitory role of pyrogallol, which results from its triple-hydroxyl groups interacting with the active site of α-glucosidase. We suggest that compounds similar to pyrogallol (phenolic hydroxyl compounds) which target the key residues of the active site of α-glucosidase could be potential agents for α-glucosidase inhibition.</P>

A Multi-Priority Service Differentiated and Adaptive Backoff Mechanism over IEEE 802.11 DCF for Wireless Mobile Networks

( Bo Zheng ),( Hengyang Zhang ),( Kun Zhuo ),( Huaxin Wu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.7

Backoff mechanism serves as one of the key technologies in the MAC-layer of wireless mobile networks. The traditional Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) mechanism in IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) and other existing backoff mechanisms poses several performance issues. For instance, the Contention Window (CW) oscillations occur frequently; a low delay QoS guarantee cannot be provided for real-time transmission, and services with different priorities are not differentiated. For these problems, we present a novel Multi-Priority service differentiated and Adaptive Backoff (MPAB) algorithm over IEEE 802.11 DCF for wireless mobile networks in this paper. In this algorithm, the backoff stage is chosen adaptively according to the channel status and traffic priority, and the forwarding and receding transition probability between the adjacent backoff stages for different priority traffic can be controlled and adjusted for demands at any time. We further employ the 2-dimensional Markov chain model to analyze the algorithm, and derive the analytical expressions of the saturation throughput and average medium access delay. Both the accuracy of the expressions and the algorithm performance are verified through simulations. The results show that the performance of the MPAB algorithm can offer a higher throughput and lower delay than the BEB algorithm.

Chemical profiling and antioxidants screening from natural products: using CiNingJi as an example

Yida Zhang,Peiyan Zheng,Guanyu Yan,Yue Zhuo,Jian-lin Wu,Baoqing Sun 한국식품과학회 2022 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.31 No.4

Natural products with good antioxidative prop- erties have been paid increased attention globally. How- ever, due to its chemical complexity, it is difficult to find out its antioxidative compounds. Herein, the chemical profiling and antioxidant capacity of CiNingJi (CNJ) were analyzed, as an example. By using UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, a total of 82 compounds were tentatively deduced. Further- more, its free radical scavenging capacity was assessed by different in vitro spectrophotometric-based assays. The result showed that one ingredient, Rosa roxburghii, plays a critical role in its antioxidant activity. In addition, 18 potential antioxidants were screened out in CNJ by com- paring the difference of it with and without DPPH reaction. They were identified mainly as catechin, ellagic acid, kajiichigoside F1, and their derivatives or isomers. With the further quantification of major found antioxidants, our results may provide some knowledge on predicting the antioxidative compounds of natural products.

Hydrogen sulfide inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli through oxidative damage

Liu-Hui Fu,Zeng-Zheng Wei,Kang-Di Hu,Lan-Ying Hu,Yan-Hong Li,Xiao-Yan Chen,Zhuo Han,Gai-Fang Yao,Hua Zhang 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.4

Many studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is both detrimental and beneficial to animals and plants, whereas its effect on bacteria is not fully understood. Here, we report that H2S, released by sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), significantly inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies have shown that H2S treatment stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases glutathione (GSH) levels in E. coli, resulting in lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. H2S also inhibits the antioxidative enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) and induces the response of the SoxRS and OxyR regulons in E. coli. Moreover, pretreatment with the antioxidant ascorbic acid (AsA) could effectively prevent H2S-induced toxicity in E. coli. Taken together, our results indicate that H2S exhibits an antibacterial effect on E. coli through oxidative damage and suggest a possible application for H2S in water and food processing.