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Tong Zhao,Wenjing Liu,Zhifang Xu,Taoze Liu,Sheng Xu,Lifeng Cui,Chao Shi 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.1
Both tectonics and climate affect surface erosion and change the landform. Long-term surface erosion rates determined by in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides are useful quantitative constraints for landform evolution in geological time scale. Measurements of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al in the granitic rocks exposed in the Badain Jaran Desert, give a mean erosion rate of 7.3 ± 2.6 m/Ma, which is an order of magnitude higher than those reported in other extremely arid regions. Tectonic activity is supposed to be the first order control on regional erosion rate by comparing the 10Be erosion rates of arid regions with different precipitation ranges and tectonic activities worldwide. However the higher erosion rates in the Badain Jaran Desert compared with other arid regions within the stable tectonic background were attributed to the wind erosion and periodically warmer and wetter climate since late Pleistocene. Besides, the estimated eroded mass flux of 7.8 × 104 t/y suggests that erosion products of bedrocks in the Badian Jaran Desert only contribute minor desert deposits, which indicates massive exogenous materials input to the desert.
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The NAC transcription factor OsSWN1 regulates secondary cell wall development in Oryza sativa
Maofeng Chai,Maria Bellizzi,Caixia Wan,Zhifang Cui,Yebo Li,Guo-Liang Wang 한국식물학회 2015 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.58 No.1
Rice, as a major crop in the world, produces huge agronomic biomass residues besides food, which consist of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Many master regulators of secondary wall synthesis were identified in the model plant Arabidopsis. In this study, we investigated the function of a NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC2) transcription factor related to secondary cell wall biosynthesis, which is highly expressed in rice sclerenchyma tissue and is named OsSWN1. Our results showed that engineering of OsSWN1 could exhibit multiple features regulated to agronomic traits and bioenergy research. Over-expression of OsSWN1 caused an erect-leaf and enclosed-flower phenotype. Secondary cell wall-related genes were actively expressed in transgenic plants with obvious ectopic lignin deposition in the leaf collar, while increased lignin content and decreased the sugar yield correspondingly. In addition, down-regulation of OsSWN1 expression levels decreased lignin content and increased the sugar yield in transgenic plants. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that OsSWN1-like genes are highly conserved in switchgrass and sorghum, suggesting a possibility of manipulating the expression level of the OsSWN1 orthologs in the bioenergy crops for biofuel production.
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