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Neurocognitive and Psychological Functioning of Children with an Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor
Park, Younghee,Yu, Eun-Seung,Ha, Boram,Park, Hyeon-Jin,Kim, Jong-Heun,Kim, Joo-Young 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.4
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>This study was conducted to investigate the neurocognitive functioning of children with intracranial germ cell tumor (IGCT) prior to receiving proton beam therapy (PBT), and to identify differential characteristics of their neurocognitive functioning depending on tumor location. As a secondary object of this study, neurocognitive functions were followed up at 1-2 years after PBT to examine early post-treatment changes.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Between 2008 and 2014, 34 childrenwith IGCT treatedwho received PBT atNational Cancer Center, Korea were enrolled in this study. Standardized neurocognitive tests of intelligence, memory, and executive functioning were performed with baseline psychological assessments using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Follow-up assessments after PBT were conducted in 20 patients (T2). The results were analyzed based on the locations of tumors, which included the suprasellar, pineal gland, basal ganglia, and bifocal regions.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The neurocognitive function of IGCT patients was significantly lower than that of the normal population in performance intelligence quotient (p=0.041), processing speed (p=0.007), memory (p < 0.001), and executive functioning (p=0.010). Patients with basal ganglia tumors had significantly lower scores for most domains of neurocognitive functioning and higher scores for CBCL than both the normal population and patients with IGCT in other locations. There was no significant change in neurocognitive function between T1 and T2 for all types of IGCT patients in first 1-2 years after PBT.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Tumor location significantly affects the neuropsychological functioning in patients with IGCT. Neuropsychological functioning should be closely monitored from the time of diagnosis in IGCT patients.</P>
Complete assignments of NMR data of 13 hydroxymethoxyflavones
Park, Younghee,Moon, Byoung-Ho,Yang, Heejung,Lee, Youngshim,Lee, Eungjung,Lim, Yoongho John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2007 Magnetic resonance in chemistry Vol.45 No.12
<P>Diosmetin, 5,7,3′-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone shows chemopreventive, antimutagenic, and antiallergic effects. On the other hand, chrysoeriol, 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3′-methoxyflavone induced nodABC-lacZ in Rhizobium meliloti. Both of them belong to hydroxymethoxy- flavones. One major difference between diosmetin and chrysoeriol is the substituted position of hydroxyl and methoxyl groups. In order to elucidate the relationships between their structures and activity, one of the first things to be done is the determination of their structures. However, most flavones occur widely in nature, and thus it is difficult to obtain in sufficient amounts from natural sources to identify their structures. Assignments of NMR data of several hydroxymethoxyflavones may help us to identify novel flavonoid compounds isolated from natural sources based on their NMR experiments. Therefore, we report here the complete assignments of <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR data of 13 hydroxymethoxyflavones. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
<sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR data of hydroxyflavone derivatives
Park, Younghee,Moon, Byoung-Ho,Lee, Eunjung,Lee, Youngshim,Yoon, Youngdae,Ahn, Joong-Hoon,Lim, Yoongho Wiley Heyden 2007 Magnetic resonance in chemistry Vol.45 No.8
<P>Many hydroxyflavone derivatives have been found in nature and shown to have many biological functions. Because their function is changed by the position and number of hydroxyl group, their structural identification is a fundamental and necessary step for understanding their functions. In the present study, the complete <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR spectral assignments were presented for 6 hydroxyflavones, and NMR data of additional 14 hydroxyflavone derivatives were compared with those of the 6 hydroxyflavones. In addition, the partially incorrect NMR data of two of the dihydroxyflavones whose NMR data were previously reported were corrected. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Park, Younghee,Kim, Kyung Su,Kim, Kyubo,Chie, Eui Kyu,Kim, Jin Ho,Kim, Jae-Sung,Kim, Tae Hyun,Kim, Dae Yong,Jang, Won Il,Kim, Mi-Sook,Koo, Tae Ryool,Chang, Ah Ram M. Nijhoff ; Kluwer Academic Publishers 2015 Journal of neuro-oncology Vol.125 No.2
<P>The incidence of brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing because of the improved survival outcome of HCC patients, but the prognosis of these patients is extremely poor. HCC patients with brain metastasis were investigated to identify their prognostic factors for overall survival. Patients with brain metastasis from HCC who had been treated with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in five hospitals were enrolled in the study. The medical records of the patients were reviewed, and the clinical factors were analyzed to identify the prognostic factors for overall survival. Of the total of 97 patients who were enrolled in the study, 83 were male and the median age at the brain metastases was 56.6??years. Motor weakness (43.3??%) and headache (41.2??%) were common presenting symptoms. The median AFP level was 4180??ng/ml, and 81 patients were assessed as belonging to Child-Pugh classification A upon the diagnosis of brain metastasis. WBRT alone in 71 patients, surgery or radiosurgery combined with WBRT as the adjuvant setting in 18 patients, and WBRT as salvage treatment in 8 patients were performed. The median overall survival of the patients was 3.5??months. In the multivariate analysis, the ECOG performance status (PS), Child-Pugh classification, AFP, and treatment aim showed significant association with the overall survival of the patients. Based on these factors, a nomogram predicting the prognosis was developed. The concordance index of the nomogram was 0.74, and the prediction was well calibrated. In conclusion, the survival outcome of patients with brain metastasis from HCC can be predicted with the nomogram constructed from the ECOG PS, Child-Pugh classification, AFP, and treatment aim.</P>
Younghee Park,Soohyung Park,Jeongsik Kim,Byoung-jik Kim,Namhun Kim Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6
Evacuation time estimation (ETE) is crucial for the effective implementation of resident protection measures as well as planning, owing to its applicability to nuclear emergencies. However, as confirmed in the Fukushima case, the ETE performed by nuclear operators does not reflect behavioral features, exposing thus, gaps that are likely to appear in real-world situations. Existing research methods including surveys and interviews have limitations in extracting highly feasible behavioral features. To overcome these limitations, we propose a VR-based immersive experiment system. The VR system realistically simulates nuclear emergencies by structuring existing disasters and human decision processes in response to the disasters. Evacuation behavioral features were quantitatively extracted through the proposed experiment system, and this system was systematically verified by statistical analysis and a comparative study of experimental results based on previous research. In addition, as part of future work, an application method that can simulate multi-level evacuation dynamics was proposed. The proposed experiment system is significant in presenting an innovative methodology for quantitatively extracting human behavioral features that have not been comprehensively studied in evacuation. It is expected that more realistic evacuation behavioral features can be collected through additional experiments and studies of various evacuation factors in the future.