“Grafting-From” Polymerization inside a Polyelectrolyte Hollow-Capsule Microreactor

Choi, Won San,Park, Jeong-Ho,Koo, Hye Young,Kim, Ju-Young,Cho, B. K.,Kim, Dong-Yu WILEY-VCH Verlag 2005 Angewandte Chemie Vol.44 No.7

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Interior decorating: Polymerization of styrene sulfonate monomers on the inner surface of polyelectrolyte hollow capsules results in polymers having molecular weights an order of magnitude higher than those produced in solution. The shape of the capsules after polymerization can be manipulated by varying the styrene sulfonate content (see SEM images; a: 25 wt %, b: 40 wt %). <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2005-44-7-ANIE200460971-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2005-44-7-ANIE200460971-content'> </P>

산채류 재배적지 기준설정 방법 간의 비교 분석

현병근(Byung-Keun Hyun),정석재(Sug-Jae Jung),손연규(Yeon-Kyu Sonn),박찬원(Chan-Won Park),장용선(Young-Seon Zhang),송관철(Kwan-Cheol Song),김이현(Lee-Hyun Kim),최은영(Eun-Young Choi),홍석영(Suk-Young Hong),권순익(Sun-Ik Kwon),장병춘(B 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.5

산채류 주산단지인 강원 평창, 홍천, 횡성, 양구 등 4개 지역 53농가포장을 중심으로 실시한 세부정밀토양 조사 결과에 의해 밝혀진 토성, 배수등급, 유효토심, 지형, 경사, 자갈함량, 해발 등의 토양특성과 산채류 수량을 통하여 작물재배적지기준 설정방법인 최대저해인자법과 다변량분석법의 두 가지 방법을 비교분석하였다. 산채류재배지의 수량과 토양의 형태 및 물리적특성을 비교하여 보면 토성 (미사)식양질, 유효토심은 >100 cm, 경사는 2~15%, 지형은 곡간 및 선상지, 해발 500 m이상인 토양에서 수량이 가장 높았다. 토양특성과 산채류 수량에 미치는 기여도산출결과 경사 0.30, 해발 0.22,지형 0.13, 배수등급 0.09 등 순으로 나타났다. 강원도 홍천군을 대상으로 최대저해인자법을 이용하여 산채류재배적지기준을 적용한 결과 최적지 0.2%, 적지 15.0%, 가능지 16.7% 그리고 저위생산지 68.0%로 나타났다. 그러나, 다변량분석법을 이용하여 산채류재배적지기준을 적용한 결과 최적지 35.1%, 적지 30.7%, 가능지 10.3%, 저위생산지 23.9%로 나타나 두 방법간에 많은 차이가 있었다. 따라서, 작물재배적지기준을 설정할 때 분석방법을 충분히 고려하여 기준을 설정할 필요가 있고, 앞으로 작물재배적지기준설정시 다변량 분석에 의한 방법을 적극 활용하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단된다. The objective of this study was analysis of two methods of land suitability classification for wild edible green. One method was Maximum limiting factor method (MLFM) and the other was Multi-regression method (MRM) for land suitability classification for wild edible green. The investigation was carried out in Pyeongchang, Hongcheong, Hoeingseong, and Yanggu regions in Korea. The obtained results showed that factors related to the decision classification of the land suitability for wild edible green cultivation were land slope, altitude, soil morphology and gravel contents so on. The classification of the best suitability soil for wild edible greens were fine loamy (silty), valley or fan of soil morphology, well drainage class, B-slope (2~7%), available soil depth deeper than 100cm, and altitude higher than 501m. Contribution of soil that influence to crop yields using Multi-regression method were slope 0.30, altitude 0.22, soil morphology 0.13, drainage classes 0.09, available soil depth 0.07, and soil texture 0.01 orders. Using MLFM, area of best suitable land was 0.2%, suitable soil 15.0%, possible soil 16.7%, and low productive soil 68.0% in Hongcheon region of Gangwon province. But, area of best suitable land was 35.1%, suitable soil 30.7%, possible soil 10.3%, and low productive soil 23.9% by MRM. There was big difference of suitable soil area between two methods (MLFM and MRM). When decision classificatin of the land suitability for wild edible green cultivation should consider enough analysis methods. Furthermore, to establishment of land suitability classification for crop would be better use MRM than MLFM.

심근침범을 동반한 Becker형 근이영양증 환자에서 확인한 Dystrophin 유전자 Exon결실

김광일,오병희,이무용,채인호,신수,박성섭,김효수,손대원,이명묵,박영배,최윤식,이영우 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.5

THE ¹³CO OUTER GALAXY SURVEY OF TRAO USING MULTIBEAM ARRAY RECEIVER SYSTEM

Lee, Young-Ung,Kim, B.G.,Jung, J.H.,Kim, H.G.,Yim, I.S.,Kim, K.D.,Kang, H.W.,Choi, J.H. The Korean Astronomical Society 2007 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.40 No.4

A survey project of TRAO with the fifteen beam array receiver system is presented. A multibeam array receiver system has been purchased from FCRAO, and is being installed on TRAO 14m telescope. The target region of the survey is from ${\iota}=120^{\circ}{\sim}137^{\circ},\;b=-1^{\circ}{\sim}+ 1^{\circ}$, and velocity resolution would be 1 km/sec after smoothing from the original resolution of $0.64km\;s^{-1}$ in the transition of J = 1-0 of $^{13}CO$. The survey region is a part of the $^{12}CO$ Outer Galaxy Survey(OGS), and would be an extension of the Bell Laboratories $^{13}CO$ Galactic Plane Survey. By combining with the existing $^{12}CO$ database of the Outer Galaxy Survey, we will derive physical properties of identified molecular clouds and will conduct and statistical analysis of the Outer Galalxy molecular clouds. Reduction process and analysis methods will be introduced.

Small heat shock protein B3 (<i>HSPB3</i>) mutation in an axonal Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease family

Nam, Da E.,Nam, Soo H.,Lee, Ah J.,Hong, Young B.,Choi, Byung‐,Ok,Chung, Ki W. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 2018 Journal of the peripheral nervous system Vol.23 No.1

<P>Heat shock protein B3 (HSPB3) gene encodes a small heat-shock protein 27-like protein which has a high sequence homology with HSPB1. A mutation in the HSPB3 was reported as the putative underlying cause of distal hereditary motor neuropathy 2C (dHMN2C) in 2010. We identified a heterozygous mutation (c.352T>C, p.Tyr118His) in the HSPB3 from a Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) family by the method of targeted next generation sequencing. The mutation was located in the well conserved alpha-crystalline domain, and several in silico predictions indicated a pathogenic effect of the mutation. Clinical and electrophysiological features of the patients indicated the axonal type of CMT. Clinical symptoms without sensory involvements were similar between the present family and the previous family. Mutations in the HSPB1 and HSPB8 genes have been reported to be relevant with both types of CMT2 and dHMN. Our findings will help in the molecular diagnosis of CMT2 by expanding the phenotypic range due to the HSPB3 mutations.</P>

Physciosporin suppresses the proliferation, motility and tumourigenesis of colorectal cancer cells

Taş,, İ,sa,Han, Jin,Park, So-Yeon,Yang, Yi,Zhou, Rui,Gamage, Chathurika D.B.,Van Nguyen, Tru,Lee, Ji-Yoon,Choi, Yong Jae,Yu, Young Hyun,Moon, Kyung-Sub,Kim, Kyung Keun,Ha, Hyung-Ho,Kim, Sang Elsevier 2019 Phytomedicine Vol.56 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Lichens, which represent symbiotic associations of fungi and algae, are potential sources of numerous natural products. Physciosporin (PHY) is a potent secondary metabolite found in lichens and was recently reported to inhibit the motility of lung cancer cells via novel mechanisms.</P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>The present study investigated the anticancer potential of PHY on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>PHY was isolated from lichen extract by preparative TLC. The effect of PHY on cell viability, motility and tumourigenicity was elucidated by MTT assay, hoechst staining, flow cytometric analysis, transwell invasion and migration assay, soft agar colony formation assay, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and PCR array <I>in vitro</I> as well as tumorigenicity study <I>in vivo</I>.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>PHY decreased the viability of various CRC cell lines (Caco2, CT26, DLD1, HCT116 and SW620). Moreover, PHY elicited cytotoxic effects by inducing apoptosis at toxic concentrations. At non-toxic concentrations, PHY dose-dependently suppressed the invasion, migration and colony formation of CRC cells. PHY inhibited the motility of CRC cells by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and downregulating actin-based motility markers. In addition, PHY downregulated β-catenin and its downstream target genes cyclin-D1 and c-Myc. Moreover, PHY modulated KAI1 C-terminal-interacting tetraspanin and KAI1 expression, and downregulated the downstream transcription factors c-jun and c-fos. Finally, PHY administration showed considerable bioavailability and effectively decreased the growth of CRC xenografts in mice without causing toxicity.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>PHY suppresses the growth and motility of CRC cells via novel mechanisms.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Clinical characterization and genetic analysis of Korean patients with X‐linked Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 1

Hong, Young B.,Park, Jin‐,Mo,Yu, Jin S.,Yoo, Da H.,Nam, Da E.,Park, Hyung J.,Lee, Ji‐,Su,Hwang, Sun H.,Chung, Ki W.,Choi, Byung‐,Ok Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 2017 Journal of the peripheral nervous system Vol.22 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Mutations in the gap junction protein beta 1 gene (<I>GJB1</I>) cause X‐linked Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 1 (CMTX1). CMTX1 is representative of the intermediate type of CMT, having both demyelinating and axonal neuropathic features. We analyzed the clinical and genetic characterization of 128 patients with CMTX1 from 63 unrelated families. Genetic analysis revealed a total of 43 mutations including 6 novel mutations. Ten mutations were found from two or more unrelated families. p.V95M was most frequently observed. The frequency of CMTX1 was 9.6% of total Korean CMT family and was 14.8% when calculated within genetically identified cases. Among 67 male and 61 female patients, 22 females were asymptomatic. A high‐arched foot, ataxia, and tremor were observed in 87%, 41%, and 35% of the patients, respectively. In the male patients, functional disability scale, CMT neuropathy score, and compound muscle action potential of the median/ulnar nerves were more severely affected than in the female patients. This study provides a comprehensive summary of the clinical features and spectrum of GJB1 gene mutations in Korean CMTX1 patients.</P>

Sequential activation of anticancer therapy triggered by tumor microenvironment-selective imaging

Shim, Gayong,Le, Quoc-Viet,Suh, Juhan,Choi, Sunhee,Kim, Gunwoo,Choi, Han-Gon,Kim, Young Bong,Macgregor Jr, Robert B.,Oh Jr, Yu-Kyoung Elsevier Science Publishers 2019 Journal of controlled release Vol.298 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The combination of imaging and anticancer therapy has recently emerged as a promising strategy. However, nonspecific imaging signals and distribution of anticancer drugs at normal tissues limit the specificity of the combination therapy. To overcome the challenges, we designed a system which can selectively visualize cancer tissues and initiate the subsequent action of therapeutic molecules in tumor microenvironment. Exploiting the overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in the tumor microenvironment, we designed a graphene oxide (GO)-based nanosheet system loaded with a pegylated MMP-cleavable imaging probe and an anticancer peptide shielded under the imaging probe. GO loaded with pegylated imaging probe derivative and anticancer buforin IIb peptide (IPGO/BF) was not fluorescent and BF hidden within pegylated surfaces did not exert anticancer activity. However, in tumor microenvironment, IPGO/BF selectively provided imaging by liberating pegylated fluorescent moiety. The cleavage of MMP-sensitive peptide triggered imaging signal and subsequent exposure of shielded BF on GO and enhanced its therapeutic function. SCC7 tumor-bearing mice treated with IPGO/BF exhibited selective fluorescence in tumor tissues, and greater imaging signal-dependent antitumor effects compared with other groups. The selective imaging-dependent sequential activation of anticancer therapy in tumor microenvironment would be a feasible strategy to reduce the nonspecific false-positive signals of tumor imaging and undesirable side effects of anticancer drugs at normal tissues.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Association between maternal exposure to major phthalates, heavy metals, and persistent organic pollutants, and the neurodevelopmental performances of their children at 1 to 2years of age- CHECK cohort study

Kim, Sunmi,Eom, Soyong,Kim, Hai-Joong,Lee, Jeong Jae,Choi, Gyuyeon,Choi, Sooran,Kim, Sungjoo,Kim, Su Young,Cho, Geumjoon,Kim, Young Don,Suh, Eunsook,Kim, Sung Koo,Kim, Seunghyo,Kim, Gun-Ha,Moon, Hyo-B Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.624 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Exposure of the developing fetus and infants to toxic substances can cause serious lifelong health consequences. Several chemicals have been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental disorders in the early life stages of humans. However, most epidemiological studies have focused on a limited number of chemicals, and hence may exclude important chemicals from consideration or result in conclusions built on associations by chance. In the present study, we investigated the chemical exposure profile of the women, and associated these with the early neurodevelopmental performance of their offspring at 13–24months of age. The chemicals assessed include four phthalates, bisphenol A, three heavy metals, 19 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 19 organochlorine pesticides, and 19 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, which were measured from urine, whole blood, serum, and/or breastmilk of the pregnant or lactating women. For neurodevelopmental performance, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II (BSID-II), Social Maturity Scale (SMS), and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were measured from a total of 140 toddlers. Among the measured chemicals, monoethyl phthalate (MEP) in maternal urine was significantly associated with early mental, psychomotor, and social development. In addition, breast milk di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolite and blood lead concentrations were inversely associated with mental and psychomotor development indices, respectively. Maternal blood PCB153, heavy metals, and urinary MEP levels were also higher among the children with behavioral problems, as indicated by the CBCL range. Taken together, maternal exposure to several EDCs such as PCBs and DEHP was associated with adverse neurodevelopmental performances among the children aged 1–2years. Confirmation of these association in larger populations, as well as longer-term consequences of such exposure warrant further investigation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Prenatal Hg, Pb, BPA, or DEP exposures were associated with neurodevelopmental delay. </LI> <LI> DEHP exposure through lactation showed negative association with mental index. </LI> <LI> Prenatal Hg, DEP, or PCB exposures showed positive associations on CBCL scores. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fluorocyclopentenyl-cytosine with Broad Spectrum and Potent Antitumor Activity^†

Choi, Won Jun,Chung, Hwa-Jin,Chandra, Girish,Alexander, Varughese,Zhao, Long Xuan,Lee, Hyuk Woo,Nayak, Akshata,Majik, Mahesh S.,Kim, Hea Ok,Kim, Jin-Hee,Lee, Young B.,Ahn, Chang H.,Lee, Sang Kook,Jeon American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.55 No.9

<P>On the basis of the potent biological activity of cyclopentenyl-pyrimidines, fluorocyclopentenyl-pyrimidines were designed and synthesized from <SMALL>d</SMALL>-ribose. Among these, the cytosine derivative <B>5a</B> showed highly potent antigrowth effects in a broad range of tumor cell lines and very potent antitumor activity in a nude mouse tumor xenograft model implanted with A549 human lung cancer cells. However, its 2′-deoxycytidine derivative <B>5b</B> did not show any antigrowth effects, indicating that 2′-hydroxyl group is essential for the biological activity.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jmcmar/2012/jmcmar.2012.55.issue-9/jm3004009/production/images/medium/jm-2012-004009_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jm3004009'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>