A Comparative Study of the Features of Reclusive Design in China's Lüdao Fang Residence Garden and Korea's Yunjeong Gotaek

Xinle Min,Hongshuai Qi2,Yani Li1 KOREA INSTITUTE FOR HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2024 Journal of Arts and Cultural Studies(ACS) Vol.3 No.1

Background: The classical gardens of China and South Korea, rich in traditional cultural connotations, provide a respite from the emptiness and anxiety brought by modern society. This is closely tied to the involvement of scholarly hermits, who represented the learned and morally cultivated class in the ancient garden constructions of both countries. Studying the spatial characteristics of these hermitage gardens is important for modern spatial design. Purpose:This research compares representative residential hermitage gardens in China and South Korea - the Lüdao Fang Residence Garden and the Yin Zheng Ancient Residence. It identifies the similarities and differences in their spatial features and the reasons behind these variations.It also explores the potential applications of these characteristics in contemporary spatial design. Methods: The study begins with a literature review to define the concept of hermitage gardens. It then proceeds with on-site and documentary research of the Lüdao Fang Residence Garden and the Yunjeong Gotaek, analyzing and comparing the spatial attributes of these two gardens. Results: Both gardens reflect the hermitage philosophies of "Moderate Reclusion" and "Confucian Hermitage," chosen for their locations in scenic, tranquil, and harmonious settings. However, their relationships with urban areas differ; both prioritize the creation of spaces that are secluded yet connected. Conclusion: Analyzing and comparing their reclusive cultural characteristics deepens and refines the understanding of Chinese garden art theory and hermit culture. It also provides a theoretical foundation for further exploring their revitalization and promoting creative transformation and innovative development in Eastern classical garden art.

An Input-Powered High-Efficiency Interface Circuit with Zero Standby Power in Energy Harvesting Systems

Li, Yani,Zhu, Zhangming,Yang, Yintang,Zhang, Chaolin The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.4

This study presents an input-powered high-efficiency interface circuit for energy harvesting systems, and introduces a zero standby power design to reduce power consumption significantly while removing the external power supply. This interface circuit is composed of two stages. The first stage voltage doubler uses a positive feedback control loop to improve considerably the conversion speed and efficiency, and boost the output voltage. The second stage active diode adopts a common-grid operational amplifier (op-amp) to remove the influence of offset voltage in the traditional comparator, which eliminates leakage current and broadens bandwidth with low power consumption. The system supplies itself with the harvested energy, which enables it to enter the zero standby mode near the zero crossing points of the input current. Thereafter, high system efficiency and stability are achieved, which saves power consumption. The validity and feasibility of this design is verified by the simulation results based on the 65 nm CMOS process. The minimum input voltage is down to 0.3 V, the maximum voltage efficiency is 99.6% with a DC output current of 75.6 μA, the maximum power efficiency is 98.2% with a DC output current of 40.4 μA, and the maximum output power is 60.48 μW. The power loss of the entire interface circuit is only 18.65 μW, among which, the op-amp consumes only 2.65 μW.

An Input-Powered High-Efficiency Interface Circuit with Zero Standby Power in Energy Harvesting Systems

Yani Li,Zhangming Zhu,Yintang Yang,Chaolin Zhang 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.4

This study presents an input-powered high-efficiency interface circuit for energy harvesting systems, and introduces a zero standby power design to reduce power consumption significantly while removing the external power supply. This interface circuit is composed of two stages. The first stage voltage doubler uses a positive feedback control loop to improve considerably the conversion speed and efficiency, and boost the output voltage. The second stage active diode adopts a common-grid operational amplifier (op-amp) to remove the influence of offset voltage in the traditional comparator, which eliminates leakage current and broadens bandwidth with low power consumption. The system supplies itself with the harvested energy, which enables it to enter the zero standby mode near the zero crossing points of the input current. Thereafter, high system efficiency and stability are achieved, which saves power consumption. The validity and feasibility of this design is verified by the simulation results based on the 65 nm CMOS process. The minimum input voltage is down to 0.3 V, the maximum voltage efficiency is 99.6% with a DC output current of 75.6 μA, the maximum power efficiency is 98.2% with a DC output current of 40.4 μA, and the maximum output power is 60.48 μW. The power loss of the entire interface circuit is only 18.65 μW, among which, the op-amp consumes only 2.65 μW.

Experimental Study on the Ultralow Cycle Fatigue Performance of Bolted Spherical Joint Specimens

Yanying Li,Haiwang Li,Pengliang Liang,Xingyu Wang 한국강구조학회 2023 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.23 No.3

Under disastrous earthquake conditions, the bolted spherical joints in spatial steel grid structures are prone to bending, breaking, and other failure modes, and their failure has obvious ultralow cycle fatigue failure characteristics. In this paper, quasistatic tests were carried out on three groups (nine specimens in total) of bolted spherical joints with joints at both ends under uniaxial cyclic loading. The failure characteristics, hysteretic behaviour, bearing capacity degradation, stiffness degradation, and energy compression capacity of bolted spherical joints under three loading schemes were studied. At the same time, the change rule of the rotation angle with the number of cycles was obtained. The experimental study shows that each member experiences characteristic moments of high-strength bolt bending, cracking, crack propagation, and a loud crack and that bolt failure occurs at the middle bolt ball connection. The ultimate ultralow cycle fatigue failure of the specimen occurs after more than 10 cycles, and the energy compression capacity is poor due to the small volume of high-strength bolts and sleeves. The "pinching phenomenon" of the hysteresis curve of the bolted spherical joint is serious. The tension area of the hysteresis curve increases, and the fullness of the compression area decreases, with increasing tensile amplitude. Based on the cumulative energy compression, a damage model suitable for bolted spherical joints under cyclic loading is proposed. From the experimental data, a correlation formula between the angle change rate and the damage model was established when the middle bolt ball of the connection specimen experienced a tension–compression cyclic load. This formula provides a reference for the evaluation of bolted spherical joints of bolt ball grid structures after an earthquake.

Spontaneous, Defect-Free Kinking via Capillary Instability during Vapor–Liquid–Solid Nanowire Growth

Li, Yanying,Wang, Yanming,Ryu, Seunghwa,Marshall, Ann F.,Cai, Wei,McIntyre, Paul C. American Chemical Society 2016 Nano letters Vol.16 No.3

<P>Kinking, a common anomaly in nanowire (NW) vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth, represents a sudden change of the wire's axial growth orientation. This study focuses on defect-free kinking during germanium NW VLS growth, after nucleation on a Ge (111) single crystal substrate, using Au-Ge catalyst liquid droplets of defined size. Statistical analysis of the fraction of kinked NWs reveals the dependence of kinking probability on the wire diameter and the growth temperature. The morphologies of kinked Ge NWs studied by electron microscopy show two distinct, defect-free, kinking modes, whose underlying mechanisms are explained with the help of 3D multiphase field simulations. Type I kinking, in which the growth axis changes from vertical [111] to < 110 >, was observed in Ge NWs with a nominal diameter of similar to 20 nm. This size coincides with a critical diameter at which a spontaneous transition from < 111 > to < 110 > growth occurs in the phase field simulations. Larger diameter NWs only exhibit Type II kinking, in which the growth axis changes from vertical [111] directly to an inclined < 111 > axis during the initial stages of wire growth. This is caused by an error in sidewall facet development, which produces a shrinkage in the area of the (111) growth facet with increasing NW length, causing an instability of the Au-Ge liquid droplet at the tip of the NW.</P>

Silica-Modified Electrospun Membrane with Underwater Superoleophobicity for Effective Gravity-driven Oil/Water Separation

Yani Guo,Ming Li,Xuan Wen,Xiaohang Guo,Tiantian Zhang 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.7

Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic membrane materials have been widely studied owing to theirexcellent separation efficiency. However, the oil-fouling problem is a major drawback limiting their practical oil/waterseparation applications. Herein, a silica-enhanced functionalized poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)/fluorocarbon surfactantnanofibrous composite membrane (f-PSMA/FS/SiO2) with underwater superoleophobicity was fabricated by theelectrospinning method. The uniformly dispersed silica nanoparticles not only increased the roughness of the as-preparedcomposite membrane but also substantially improved the underwater superoleophobicity. Therefore, the as-preparedcomposite membrane showed excellent underwater anti-oil-fouling performance, thus preventing the decrease in theseparation efficiency and flux caused by membrane fouling during oil/water separation. Throughout 60 separation cyclessolely driven by gravity, the separation efficiencies were above 99.27 %, and the flux remained higher than 3743 L m-2 h-1. More importantly, the as-prepared composite membrane maintained exceptional underwater superoleophobicity in a harshenvironment (30 wt% NaCl for 12 h, pH 1 (HCl) for 12 h, oven temperature at 90 °C for 2 h). Thus, because of its robustthermal stability and chemical durability, the antifouling f-PSMA/FS/SiO2 composite membrane has tremendous potential forfuture practical applications in the treatment of oily wastewater.

The new focus of energy storage: flexible wearable supercapacitors

Yani Yan,Yi Zhou,Yongfeng Li,Yanzhen Liu 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.6

As the demand for flexible wearable electronic devices increases, the development of light, thin and flexible high-performance energy-storage devices to power them is a research priority. This review highlights the latest research advances in flexible wearable supercapacitors, covering functional classifications such as stretchability, permeability, self-healing and shapememory capabilities, as well as practical studies on energy harvesting capabilities.

Functional role of Forskolin and PD166285 in the development of denuded mouse oocytes

Hongguo Cao,Yani Bian,Fei Zhang,Yunshu Tang,Caixia Li,Jiemei Chen,Xiao-Rong Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.3

Objective: cAMP and mature promoting factor (MPF) play critical roles during the maturation of mammalian oocytes. The aim of this study was to produce the offspring from denuded oocytes (DOs) in mice by regulating cAMP and MPF. Methods: In this study, we used DOs at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage in mice and regulated levels of cAMP and MPF in DOs by adding Forskolin and PD166285 during in vitro maturation without follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, respectively. Results: Combined use of 50 μM Forskolin for 3 h and 2.5 μM PD166285 for additional 21 h enhanced the developmental competence of DOs, maturation rate of DOs was 76.71%± 4.11%, blastocyst rate was 18.33%±4.44% after parthenogenetic activation (PA). The DOs could successfully be fertilized with sperm in vitro, cleavage rate was 17.02%±5.82% and blastocyst rate was 5.65%±3.10%. Besides, 2-cell in vitro fertilization embryos from DOs produced 4 normal live offspring (4/34). Conclusion: The results confirmed that the combination of Forskolin and PD166285 can induce DOs to complete meiosis process and produce normal offspring.

Edaravone alleviates lung damage in mice with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by increasing nitric oxide synthase 3 expression

Wan Zheng,Tianfa Li,Junping Wei,Yani Yan,Shanshan Yang 대한약리학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.27 No.3

This study is to determine the regulation of nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) by edaravone in mice with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). C57BL/6J mice were reared in a hypoxic chamber. HPH mice were treated with edaravone or edaravone + L-NMMA (a NOS inhibitor). Lung tissue was collected for histological assessment, apoptosis analysis, and detection of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and NOS3. The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 were also measured. Immunohistochemistry was used to visualize the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in pulmonary arterioles. Edaravone treatment improved hemodynamics, inhibited right ventricular hypertrophy, increased NOS3 expression, and reduced pathological changes, pulmonary artery wall thickness, apoptotic pulmonary cells, oxidative stress, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and α-SMA in HPH mice. L-NMMA treatment counteracted the lung protective effects of edaravone. In conclusion, edaravone might reduce lung damage in HPH mice by increasing the expression of NOS3.

객가(客家) 위옥(圍屋)의 디지털 활성화 이용 연구 -푸젠(福建) 진성루(振成樓) 중심으로-

천타오(Chen Tao),이종한(Li Zong-han),량연앵(Liang Yanying) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2021 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.64

최근 몇 년 동안 중국의 농촌 진흥 전략과 문화유산 보호의 필요성에 따라 객가(客家) 위옥(圍屋)의 보호와 전시는 중국에서 주목하는 문화재 관리 사안이 되었다. 객가 위옥은 중국 5대 민가 특색 건축의 하나이며, 1998년 “세계 문화유산”에 선정되었으나 현재 과도한 관광 개발과 추가 건축으로 인해 지속적으로 파괴되고 있다. 일반적인 건축 유산 보호 방식은 원형을 충실하게 유산을 보존할 수 있지만 경제적 부담이 크고, 관리 효율이 낮으며, 활력이 부족한 단점이 있다. 그러나 디지털 활성화를 통한 보호 방식은 건축 보존의 새로운 기술 수단의 하나로써 전통 건축 문화유산의 정확한 기록, 복원, 광범위한 홍보와 지속적 계승에 유리하며 또한 이는 과학기술과 문화 융합을 구현한다. 본 연구는 현지 조사, 문헌 분석과 디자인 실천의 방법을 통해 객가 위옥인 진성루(振成樓)의 역사 문화 배경과 건축 특징을 연구하고, 이를 바탕으로 디지털 수단을 통해 전통 건축을 보호하고 계승하는 새로운 방법을 탐색한다. 그리고 구체적인 연구 과정에서 이미지와 공간의 데이터 채집, 디지털 정보 가공, 전시와 홍보 등의 기술을 사용하여 “VR 가상박물관”, “인터넷 플랫폼”, “3D 디지털 애니메이션 제작” 등 3가지 방식으로 진성루의 디지털 활성화 보호를 실천적으로 탐색하였다. 본 연구는 디지털 기술이 결합된 전통 건축 디지털 활성화 보호 방법을 중점적으로 구축하고, 이를 통해 전통 건축 보호 방법의 부족한 부분을 보완하며, 전통 건축의 역사와 문화 가치를 충분히 발굴하여 더욱 적절하게 객가 위옥의 문화유산을 보호하고 홍보하고자 한다. 진성루의 디지털 활성화 이용을 위한 실천 방식을 통해 전통 건축의 디지털 활성화 이용에 대해 다음과 같은 몇 가지 경험을 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 전통 건축의 디지털 활성화 이용은 전통 건축 문화유산의 정확한 기록, 복원, 광범위한 홍보와 지속적인 계승에 유리하고, 또한 구현성이 뛰어나고, 기능성이 강하며 홍보성이 강한 특징을 지니고 있다. 둘째, 전통 건축의 디지털 활성화 보호에 사용되는 기술은 주로 가상현실 기술, 인터넷 기술, 3D 스캔 기술, 3D 모델링 기술, 360도 파노라마 영상 기술 등이다. 또한 전시와 홍보의 형식이 다양하고, 주로 “VR 가상박물관”, “인터넷 플랫폼”, “3D 디지털 애니메이션 제작”, “디지털 아이디어 상품” 등이 있으며, 각종 유형의 전통 건축에 다양한 디지털 기술을 종합적으로 응용한다. 셋째, 전통 건축의 디지털 활성화 보호 절차는 데이터 수집, 정보 가공, 홍보와 전시이다. 합리적으로 디지털 기술을 이용한 건축 유산 보호와 커뮤니케이션은 전통 건축의 보호 형식을 확대하고 문화 유산의 커뮤니케이션 채널을 더욱 풍부하게 만들 수 있다. The Hakka Round Houses is one of the five major residential buildings in China. It was listed as a “World Cultural Heritage” in 1998 and is currently suffering from excessive tourism development and constructional destruction. In recent years, based on the background of rural revitalization strategy and cultural heritage protection, the protection and display of Hakka Round Houses has become the focus of national and social attention. The combination of digital technology and cultural heritage has strengthened the form of protection of cultural heritage and enriched the channels of historical and cultural transmission. This paper uses the methods of field research, literature analysis and design practice to understand the historical, cultural and architectural characteristics of Zhencheng Building, and explores a new path for the protection and inheritance of vernacular buildings by digital means, mainly using “VR virtual museum” and “network platform construction” ”And “digital animation image production” to explore the digital protection practice of Zhencheng Building. The research results can better protect and spread the cultural heritage of Hakka enclosures, and can also be widely used in the protection of other ancient buildings and digital construction projects. Through the digital activation and utilization of Zhencheng Building, there are three experiences of digital activation and utilization of traditional buildings are summarized: First, the digital activation and utilization of traditional buildings contributes to the accurate recording of traditional architectural cultural heritage, damage repair, widespread dissemination and Perpetual inheritance has the characteristics of strong originality, strong functionality and strong dissemination. Second, the technologies based on the digital activation and utilization of traditional buildings mainly include virtual reality technology, Internet technology, three-dimensional scanning technology, 3D modeling technology, 360 panoramic imaging technology, etc. There are various forms of display and dissemination, mainly including “virtual museum”, “network platform construction”, “three-dimensional digital animation”, “digital creative products” and so on. Different types of traditional buildings adopt different types of digital technologies for comprehensive application. Third, the implementation steps of digital activation and utilization of traditional buildings are data collection, information processing, dissemination and display. The rational application of digital technology for the protection and dissemination of architectural heritage has expanded the protection of traditional buildings and enriched the channels of cultural heritage transmission.