Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

Yang, Kyu-Ho,Mo, Hyun-Chul,Choi, Nam-Ki,Kim, Seon-Mi,Kim,Won-Jae 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

Neuronal apoptotic events, consequently resulting in neuronal cell death, are occurred in hypoxic/ischemic condition. This cell death has been shown to be accompanied with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can attack cellular components such as nucleic acids, proteins and phospholipid. However, the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis induced in hypoxic/ischemic condition and its treatment methods are unsettled. Cobalt chloride (CoCl_(2)) has been known to mimic hypoxic condition including the production of ROS. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). a green tea polyphenol, has diverse pharmacologial activities in cell growth and death. This study was aimed to investigate the apoptotic mechanism by CoCl_(2) and effects of EGCG on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Administration of CoCl_(2) decreased cell survival in dose- and time-dependent manners and induced genomic DNA fragmentation. Treatment with 100 µM EGCG for 30 min before PC12 cells were exposed to 150 µM CoCl_(2), being resulted in the cell viability and DNA fragmentation being rescued. CoCl_(2) caused morphologic changes such as cell swelling and condensed nuclei, whereas EGCG attenuated morphologic changes by CoCl_(2). EGCG suppressed the apoptotic peak and a loss of Δψ_(m) induced by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) decreased Bcl-2 expression but Bax expression was not changed in CoCl_(2)-treated cells. EGCG attenuated the Bcl-2 underexpression by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) augumented the cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytoplasm and increased caspase-8, -9 and caspase-3 activity, a marker of the apoptotic executing stage. EGCG ameliorated the incruement in caspase-8, -9 and -3 activity, and cytochrome c release by CoCl_(2). NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine), a scavenger of ROS, attenuated CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in consistent with those of EGCG. These results suggest, that CoCl_(2) induces apoptotic cell death through both mitochondria- and death receptor-dependent pathway and EGCG has neuroprotective effects against CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. 신경세포자멸사는 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나며 이러한 세포죽은 reactive oxidant species (ROS) 생성을 동반함이 알려져있다. 그러나, 저산소 및 허혈환경에서 일어나는 세포자멸사의 기전 및 그 치료방법은 아직 정립되어 있지 않다. CoCl_(2)는 ROS를 생성하는 등 저산소환경과 유사한 조건을 초래하는 것으로 알려져 있다. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)는 녹차의 polyphenol 성분으로서 세포성장과 죽음에 다양한 약리학적 효과를 나타냄이 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사기전을 밝히고 이에 미치는 EGCG의 효과를 조사하는데 목적이 있다. Cell viability는 MTT 측정으로 조사되었고, DNA fragmentation은 DNA laddering으로 조사되었다. Bcl-2와 Bax발현 정도는 RT-PCR로, caspase-3와 -9의 활성은 spectrophotometer, caspase-8의 활성은 flow cytometry에 의해 측정되었다. 미토콘드리아에서 세포질로 분비된 cytochrome c는 western blot으로, 분해된 DNA 양과 미토콘드리아 세포막전위 (Δψ_(m))는 FACScan으로 조사되었다. CoCl_(2)투여로 PC12 세포수는 용량 및 시간 의존형태로 감소하였고, genomic DNA fragmentation이 발생하였다. CoCl_(2)투여로 야기된 cell viability의 감소와 DNA fragmentation은 EGCG 전처치에 의해 억제되었다. CoCl_(2)은 세포용적팽창과 condensed nuclei 같은 형태적 변화를 일으켰으며, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)감소 및 cytochrome c 유리를 야기하였다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포형태변화, apoptotic peak, Δψ_(m)소실 및 cytochrome c 유리를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 Bcl-2 발현을 감소시켰지만, Bax 발현에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의해 야기된 Bcl-2 발현 감소를 억제시켰다. CoCl_(2)는 caspase-3, -8, 그리고 -9의 활성을 증가시켰으며, EGCG는 CoCl_(2)에 의한 세포자멸사를 억제시켰다. 본 실험결과는 PC12 세포에서 CoCl_(2)가 미토콘드리아 의존 및 death receptor의존 기전으로 세포자멸사를 일으키며, EGCG는 세포자멸사기전을 억세지킴으로 신경보호기능을 가짐을 시사하였다.

키넥트 센서를 이용한 고령자 대상의 선자세 균형능력 평가

양승태(Seung-Tae Yang),강동원(Dong-Won Kang),서정우(Jeong-Woo Seo),김대혁(Dae-Hyeok Kim),김태호(Tae-Ho Kim),최진승(Jin-Seung Choi),탁계래(Gye-Rae Tack) 대한전기학회 2017 전기학회논문지 Vol.66 No.2

Portable low-cost Kinect sensor was used to analyze standing balance ability of the elderly. Eighty subjects who can walk alone and have a normal cognitive level participated in this experiment. Based on Berg Balance scale (BBS) test with 52 points, subjects were divided into Healthy older (HO: 46 persons, BBS: 53.80 ± 1.19) and Impaired older (IO: 34 persons, BBS: 49.06 ± 2.03) group. Each subject performed 30 seconds four different standing balance tests (EO: Eyes Open, EC: Eyes Close, EOf: Eyes Open on foam, ECf: Eyes Close on foam). Five variables (Mean distance, Range of distance, Root mean square, Mean velocity, 95% ellipse area) were calculated from the hip joint center movement of Kinect sensor. Results showed that there were significant differences between groups for four different standing tests. Calculated variables from kinect sensor showed significant correlation with BBS score. Especially, mediolateral mean distance, mediolateral root mean square, mediolateral range of distance and 95% ellipse area showed discriminative ability for all tests. Mean values of variables of IO were higher than those of HO, which means the decreased balance ability in IO compared with HO. Therefore, it was possible to estimate simple balance assessment of the elderly using portable low-cost Kinect sensor.

Production of Monoclonal Antibody Against Listeria monocytogenes and Its Application to Immunochromatography Strip Test

( Won Bo Shim ),( Jin Gil Choi ),( Ji Young Kim ),( Zheng You Yang ),( Kyu Ho Lee ),( Min Gon Kim ),( Sang Do Ha ),( Keun Sung Kim ),( Kwang Yup Kim ),( Cheol Ho Kim ),( Kwang Soo Ha ),( Sergei A. Ere 한국미생물생명공학회 2007 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.17 No.7

Fabrication of microgrooved scaffolds using near-field electrospinning-assisted lithography (NFEAL)

Yang, SungYeun,Min, Ji Hong,Cho, Kanghee,Seo, Il Ho,Ryu, WonHyoung,Koh, Won-Gun Elsevier 2019 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.80 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A simple patterning process combining near-field electrospinning (NFE) and template lithography, called near-field electrospinning-assisted lithography (NFEAL), was developed to prepare polymeric scaffolds with microgroove patterns for potential use in biomedical applications. NFE enabled the deposition of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) fibers at a desired position. The diameters of the deposited PEO fibers could be controlled over a range of 0.5–20μm by adjusting the NFE parameters such as voltage, distance, feed rate, and translation speed. The preparation of PEO fibers with 1 and 3μm diameters using NFE, followed by the deposition of polystyrene (PS) and removal of the fiber template, created free-standing PS scaffolds with microgroove patterns. The width of the microgroove was similar to the diameter of the PEO fibers. The depth of the microgroove was also dependent on the dimensions of the PEO fibers; microgrooves of depth 64.49±11.5nm and 216.68±62.9nm were fabricated from PEO fibers of diameters 1 and 3μm, respectively. When C2C12 cells were cultured on the microgrooved scaffolds, they showed enhanced elongation or alignment along the microgrooved scaffolds, especially, for the microgroove (1μm) with a smaller width.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Evaluation of Anti-Freezing Disinfectants Applied by Spray at -10°C

Yang ho Jang,Sung won Park,Kwang jick Lee,Byung jae So,Seon jong Yun,Nong hoon Choe 대한수의학회 2013 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2013 No.-

THE STATUS AND PROSPECT OF DUPIC FUEL TECHNOLOGY

Yang Myung-Seung,Choi Hang-Bok,Jeong Chang-Joon,Song Kee-Chan,Lee Jung-Won,Park Geun-Il,Kim Ho-Dong,Ko Won-Il,Park Jang-Jin,Kim Ki-Ho,Lee Ho-Hee,Park Joo-Hwan Korean Nuclear Society 2006 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.38 No.4

Since 1991, Korea, Canada and United States have performed the direct use of spent pressurized water reactor (PWR) fuel in the Canada deuterium uranium (CANDU) reactors (DUPIC) fuel development project. Unlike the Tandem fuel cycle, which requires a wet reprocessing, the DUPIC fuel technology can directly refabricate CANDU fuels from the PWR spent fuel and, therefore, is recognized as a highly proliferation-resistant fuel cycle technology, which can be adopted even in non-proliferation treaty countries. The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has fabricated DUPIC fuel elements in a laboratory-scale remote fuel fabrication facility. KAERI has demonstrated the fuel performance in the research reactor, and has confirmed the operational feasibility and safety of a CANDU reactor loaded with the DUPIC fuel using conventional design and analysis tools, which will be the foundation of the future practical and commercial uses of DUPIC fuel.

Gasification Characteristics to 14CO2 of 14C Radionuclide Desorbed from Spent Resin by Phosphate Solutions

Ho-Yeon Yang,Jang-Sik Won,Young-Ku Choi,Geun-IL Park,In-Tae Kim,Kwang-Wook Kim,Kee Chan Song,Hwan Seo Park 한국방사성폐기물학회 2006 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.4 No.4

[ ] 핵종이 함유된 IRN-150 혼상 폐수지로부터 이온의 제거 및 제거된 핵종의 기체로의 전환 특성을 고찰하였다. 비방사성 이온이 흡착되어 있는 IRN-150 혼합수지로부터 이온의 탈착용액내로의 분리 및 기체로의 전환 특성을 용액의 농도 변화에 따라 평가하였으며, 탈착용액으로는 를 사용하였고, 비교 평가를 위하여 NaOH, , HCl를 이용한 기체로의 전환 특성을 분석하였다. 아울러 월성 원자력발전소에 저장중인 실제 폐수지를 이용하여 탈착용액을 이용한 폐수지내 핵종의 기체화 특성을 평가하였고, 탈착후 잔류용액내 존재하는 감마핵종을 분석하였다. Removal characteristics of ion from IRN-150 mixed resin contaminated with radionuclide and a gasification behavior of radionuclide to were investigated. The stripping solutions used for the removal of from spent resin were . The influence of stripping solution concentration on the desorption characteristics of inactive ion into stripping solution from IRN-150 mixed resin and the gasification of this ion to was analyzed. The gasification behavior to by using NaOH, , HCl was also compared to that of phosphate solution. Real spent resin stored in Wolsung nuclear power plant was used to evaluate the gasification characteristics of radionuclide to . Gamma radionuclides such as in residual striping solutions after desorption experiment were analyzed.

Ion Adsorption Characteristics of IRN-150 Mixed Resin and Removal Behavior of 14C Radionuclide from Spent Resin by Stripping Solutions

Ho-Yeon Yang,Jang-Sik Won,Young-Ku Choi,Geun IL Park,In-Tae Kim,Kwang-Wook Kim,Kee Chan Song,Hwan Seo Park 한국방사성폐기물학회 2006 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.4 No.4

중수로 원전내 여러 계통으로 부터 발생된 폐수지내에는 핵종이 다량 함유되어 있으며, Class A 및 C 폐기물로 분류되는 폐수지의 적정 처리 기술 개발을 위한 기초연구를 수행하였다. IRN-150 혼상 이온교환수지를 이용하여 비방사성 이온과 양이온의 흡착 특성 및 탈차용액을 이용한 이온의 제거 특성을 고찰하였다. IRN-150 수지의 이온의 흡착능은 이론값에 근접한 11 mg-C/g-IRN-150을 나타내었고, 양이온의 흡착 친화도를 단일성분 및 복합성분 시스템을 이용하여 분석하였다. 여러 가지 탈착용액을 이용한 폐수지로부터 이온의 제거 특성을 평가한 결과, 핵종을 전량 효과적으로 제거하기 위해서는 보다도 용액이 유리한 것으로 나타났다. Spent ion-exchanged resin generated from various purification systems in CANDU reactor was contaminated with high activity of radionuclide. This paper describes the results of fundamental study to develop the applicable technology for the treatment of this spent resin. Based on the adsorption capacity of inactive ion and other anions on IRN-150 mixed resin, the removal characteristics of ion adsorbed on to IRN-150 by various stripping solutions were evaluated. Maximum adsorption amount of the ion onto IRN-150 raw resin was about 11 mg-C/g-resin which agrees with the theoretical adsorption amount of this resin. Adsorption affinity of various anions such as was analyzed in single and multi-component systems. From the results of removal characteristics of the ion adsorbed on IRN-150 by various stripping solutions, stripping solution is more effective than solutions for the complete removal of radionuclide from the IRN-150 spent resin.

Immunostimulatory activity of Y-shaped DNA nanostructures mediated through the activation of TLR9

Yang, Gabsik,Koo, Jung Eun,Lee, Hye Eun,Shin, Seung Won,Um, Soong Ho,Lee, Joo Young Elsevier 2019 Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Vol.112 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides (DNAs) have been widely studied in pharmaceutical and biomedical research fields for applications in cancer immunotherapy and vaccination. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical for the instruction and orchestration of the host immune system composed of innate and adaptive immunity. In particular, TLR9 responds to DNAs with unmethylated deoxycytosine-deoxyguanosine (CpG) motifs, thereby inducing the activation of innate immune cells, such as dendritic cells, and consequently, adaptive immune cells. In this study, we developed two kinds of Y-shaped double-stranded DNA nanostructures (Y-DNAs), including a single unit composed of three DNA strands (Y<SUB>S</SUB>-DNA) and a ligated multiunit complex formed by crosslinking each Y<SUB>S</SUB>-DNA (Y<SUB>L</SUB>-DNA), and investigated whether they have immunostimulatory activity in innate immune cells. Y<SUB>S</SUB>-DNA and Y<SUB>L</SUB>-DNA induced the production of immune cytokines such as IL-12 and TNF-α and the expression of costimulatory molecules such as CD80 and CD86 in primary mouse dendritic cells and macrophage cells (RAW264.7 cells). A Coprecipitation study demonstrated that Y<SUB>L</SUB>-DNA was directly associated with TLR9. The induction of immune cytokines by Y<SUB>S</SUB>-DNA and Y<SUB>L</SUB>-DNA was abolished in TLR9-deficient primary mouse dendritic cells. The results demonstrated that Y-DNAs induced the activation of dendritic cells and macrophages mediated by the activation of TLR9, as shown by the expression of immune cytokines and costimulatory molecules. The results suggest that Y-DNA nanostructures provide a beneficial strategy for immunotherapy by modulating the immune system.</P>

Vitrification of Simulated Combustible Dry Active Wastes in a Pilot Facility

Yang, Kyung-Hwa,Park, Seung-Chul,Lee, Kyung-Ho,Hwang, Tae-Won,Maeng, Sung-Jun,Shin, Sang-Woon Korean Nuclear Society 2001 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.33 No.4

In order to evaluate and finally optimize the vitrification condition for combustible dry active waste (DAW), dust and gas generation characteristics were investigated for PE, cellulose, and mixed waste Tests were conducted by varying the operation variables such as melter configuration, excess oxygen amount, and waste feeding rate. Results showed that dust generation characteristics were affected by the operation parameters and the melter's configuration is the dominant one. For all tested DAWs, dust generation was reduced by increasing the waste feeding rate and the excessive oxygen amount in the melter. Among waste types, dust amount was decreased by the order of mixed wastes, PE, and cellulose. Other parameters such as temperature variation and operation time have also affected the dust generation. The optimum condition for the DAW vitrification was determined as the melter's configuration equipped for minimizing the waste dispersion with 20 kg/h of waste feeding rate and 100% of excessive oxygen supply. CO gas concentration in the off-gas was immediately influenced by the combustion state in the melter, but showed similar trend as the dust generation. For the NOx production during the vitrification process, thermal NOx, which is generated from the Post Combustion Chamber (PCC), rather than fuel NOx was assumed to be dominant. The gas cleaning of efficiencies of the PCC, wet scrubber, and Selective Catalytic Reduction system (SCR) were found to be high enough to keep the concentration of pollutants (CO, NOx, SOx, HCI) in the stack below their relevant emission limits.