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Teenage pregnancy complicated by primary invasive ovarian cancer: association for oncologic outcome
Erin A. Blake,Madushka Y. De Zoysa,Elise B. Morocco,Samantha B. Kaiser,Michiko Kodama,Brendan H. Grubbs,Koji Matsuo 대한부인종양학회 2018 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.29 No.5
Objective: To examine survival of teenage women with pregnancies complicated by primary ovarian cancer. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a previously organized systematic literature review of primary ovarian cancer diagnosed during pregnancy. Cases eligible for analysis were patients whose age at cancer diagnosis and survival outcome were known (n=201). Pregnancy and oncologic outcome were then examined based on patient age. Results: These were comprised of 95 (47.3%) epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs), 82 (40.8%) malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs), and 24 (11.9%) sex-cord stromal tumors (SCSTs). Teenage pregnancy was seen in 21 (10%) cases, and was highest among the SCST group compared to the other cancer types (EOC, 1.1%; MGCT, 14.6%; and SCST, 29.2%, p<0.001). Live birth rates, neonatal weight, full term delivery rates, and Cesarean section rates were similar between the teenage group and the non-teenage group (all, p>0.05); however, teenage pregnancy was significantly associated with an increased risk of serious maternal/neonatal adverse events (50% vs. 22.7%, p=0.013). On univariable analysis, teenage pregnancy was significantly associated with decreased ovarian cancer-specific survival (5-year rate: age ≥30, 79.6%; age 20–29, 87.2%; and age <20, 41.6%; p<0.001). On multivariable analysis controlling for calendar year, cancer type, cancer stage, and gestational age at ovarian cancer diagnosis, teenage pregnancy remained an independent prognostic factor for decreased ovarian cancer-specific survival compared to women aged ≥30 (adjusted-hazard ratio=4.71; 95% confidence interval=1.17–18.9; p=0.029). Conclusion: Teenage women with pregnancies complicated by primary ovarian cancer may be at increased risk of poor survival from ovarian cancer.
Cho, H.S.,Gokon, N.,Kodama, T.,Kang, Y.H.,Lee, H.J. Elsevier 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The joint international project between Niigata University (Japan) and the Korea Institute of Energy Research, KIER (Korea) on “Solar Demonstration of Water-Splitting Reactor using Ceramic Foam Device” has two goals. (1) Develop a solar reactor using reactive cerium oxide foam devices for high-temperature two-step thermochemical water-splitting cycle. (2) Test its performance under various operational methods using a 40 kW<SUB>th</SUB> solar furnace driven by natural solar energy. The reactive CeO<SUB>2</SUB>/MPSZ (MgO – partially stabilized zirconia) foam device for two-step water-splitting was developed and prepared by Niigata University/Japan; it involves coating an inert zirconia foam matrix with reactive CeO<SUB>2</SUB>. In this paper, highly reactive CeO<SUB>2</SUB> particles were used the redox material in CeO<SUB>2</SUB>/MPSZ foam devices to investigate the use of solar energy for hydrogen production. The solar-driven thermochemical two-step water-splitting cycle was demonstrated using the 40 kW<SUB>th</SUB> KIER solar furnace in Korea combined with the CeO<SUB>2</SUB>/MPSZ foam device. At the center of the foam device, temperatures were 1500 °C–1600 °C during the thermal reduction step and 600 °C-1100 °C during the subsequent water decomposition step. Hydrogen was successfully produced from the CeO<SUB>2</SUB>/MPSZ foam device, and profiles for hydrogen production and CeO<SUB>2</SUB> conversion indicated definitely improved operations compared to earlier studies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Three different operational methods were tested using a ceria-coated foam device. </LI> <LI> A ceria-coated foam device was fabricated by spin coating method. </LI> <LI> A H<SUB>2</SUB> production process under real solar condition tested using a KIER solar furnace. </LI> <LI> In the cycles, a CCD-camera was used to monitor the discoloration of the foam device. </LI> <LI> Each of the three operational methods tested showed significant differences. </LI> </UL> </P>