Heterogeneous amino acid-based tungstophosphoric acids as efficient and recyclable catalysts for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol

Xiaoxiang Han,Yingying Kuang,Chunhua Xiong,Xiujuan Tang,Qing Chen,Chin-Te Hung,Li-Li Liu,Shang-Bin Liu 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.7

A series of organic-inorganic composite catalysts, prepared by modifying tungstophosphoric acid (TPA; H3PW12O40) with different amino acids such as phenylalanine (Phe), alanine (Ala), and glycine (Gly) were synthesized. The physicochemical and acidic properties of these (MH)xH3−xPW12O40 (M=Phe, Ala, and Gly; x=1-3) composite materials were characterized by a variety of different analytical and spectroscopic techniques, namely TGA, XRD, FTIR, XPS, and NMR, and exploited as heterogeneous catalysts for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BzOH) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Among them, the [PheH]H2PW12O40 catalyst exhibited the best oxidative activity with an excellent BzOH conversion of 99.0% and a desirable benzaldehyde (BzH) selectivity of 99.6%. Further kinetic studies and model analysis by response surface methodology (RSM) revealed that the oxidation of BzOH with H2O2 follows a second-order reaction with an activation energy of 56.7 kJ·mol−1 under optimized experimental variables: BzOH/H2O2 molar ratio=1 : 1.5mol/mol, amount of catalyst=6.1 wt%, reaction time (x3)=3.8 h, and amount of water (x4)=30.2mL.

Transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel by tin-based Brønsted-Lewis acidic ionic liquid catalysts

Xiaoxiang Han,Shang-Bin Liu,Wei Yan,Chin-Te Hung,Yanfei He,Pei-Hao Wu,Li-Li Liu,Shing-Jong Huang 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.7

A series of Brønsted-Lewis acidic ionic liquid (BLAIL) catalysts consisting of sulfonated ionic liquid [SO3H-pmim]Cl and Sn(II) chloride have been synthesized and exploited for catalytic transesterification of soybean oil with methanol to biodiesel. The structural and chemical properties of these [SO3H-pmim]Cl-xSnCl2 (x=0-0.8) catalysts were characterized by different analytical and spectroscopic techniques, such as FT-IR, TGA, and NMR. In particular, their acid properties were studied by solid-state 31P NMR using trimethylphosphine oxide as the probe molecule. The BLAIL catalysts were found highly efficient for transesterification reaction due to the introduction of Lewis acidity by SnCl2 in the initially Brønsted acidic [SO3H-pmim]Cl catalyst. The effects of three independent process variables on biodiesel yield were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Consequently, an excellent biodiesel yield of 98.6% was achieved under optimized reaction conditions over the BLAIL catalyst with SnCl2 loading (x) of 0.7.

Validating the Feasibility Study Framework of Streamline English Curriculum Innovation in China

Jun Yang,Xiaoxiang Li 아시아영어교육학회 2005 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.2 No.3

Identification of QTLs associated with the anaerobic germination potential using a set of Oryza nivara introgression lines

Licheng Liu,Xiaoxiang Li,Sanxiong Liu,Jun Min,Wenqiang Liu,Xiaowu Pan,Baohua Fang,Min Hu,Zhongqi Liu,Yongchao Li,Haiqing Zhang 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.4

Background Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important crop and a staple food for half of the population around the world. The recent water and labor shortages are encouraging farmers to shift from traditional transplanting to direct-seeding. However, poor germination and slow elongation of the coleoptile constrains large-scale application of direct-seeding. Objective Thisstudy was aimed to investigate the genetic basis of the anaerobic germination(AG) potential using a set of Oryza nivara (O. nivara) introgressionlines (ILs). Methods Inthis study, a total of 131 ILs were developed by introducing O. nivara chromosomesegments into the elite indica rice variety 93-11 through advanced backcrossingand repeated selfng. A high-density genetic map has been previouslyconstructed with 1,070 bin-markers. The seeds of ILs were germinated and usedto measure coleoptile length under normal and anaerobic conditions. QTLsassociated with AG potential were determined in rice. Results Basedon the high-density genetic map of the IL population, two QTLs, qAGP1 and qAGP3 associated with AG tolerance were characterized and locatedon chromosomes 1 and 3, respectively. Each QTL explained 15% of the phenotypic variance.Specifcally, the O. nivara-derived chromosomesegments of the two QTLs were positively tolerance to anaerobic condition byincreasing coleoptile length. In a further analysis of public transcriptomedata, a total of 26 and 36 genes within qAGP1 and qAGP3 were transcriptionallyinduced by anaerobic stress, respectively. Conclusions Utilizationof O. nivara-derived alleles at qAGP1 and qAGP3 can potentially enhance tolerance to anaerobic stress at thegermination stage in rice, thereby accelerating breeding of rice varieties tobe more adaptative for direct-seeding.

Microsatellite Markers Linked to Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Fatness in Divergently Selected Chicken Lines for Abdominal Fat

Zhang, Hui,Wang, Shouzhi,Li, Hui,Yu, Xijiang,Li, Ning,Zhang, Qin,Liu, Xiaofeng,Wang, Qigui,Hu, Xiaoxiang,Wang, Yuxiang,Tang, Zhiquan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.10

Abdominal fat characters are complex and economically important in the poultry industry. Their selection may benefit from the implementation of marker-assisted selection (MAS). The objective of this study was to identify the markers linked to QTL responsible for fatness traits. The Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content (NEAUHLF) were used in the study. A total of 596 individuals from the divergent tails from the 6th to the 10th generations were genotyped at 23 microsatellite markers on chromosome 1. The differences of allele frequencies of all marker alleles between the divergent tails across the five generations were recorded. The allele frequencies of five markers, including LEI0209, LEI0146, MCW0036, ADL328 and MCW0115, had significant differences between the two tails in all five generations. The resulting p-values using Fisher's exact test on eleven markers, containing MCW248, MCW0010, MCW0106, LEI0252, LEI0068, MCW0018, MCW0061, LEI0088, MCW200, MCW283 and ROS0025, had a decreasing tendency from the 6th to the 10th generation. Statistical analysis showed that polymorphisms of the eight markers, including LEI0209, LEI0146, ROS0025, MCW0115, MCW0010, MCW0036, MCW283, ADL328, were significantly (p<0.0011) or suggestively (p<0.05) associated with abdominal fat content (AFW and AFP) across generations. It is concluded that the eight markers could be associated with the QTL affecting the deposition of abdominal fat in broiler chickens.

Polymorphism of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-4 Gene in 17 Pig Breeds and Its Relationship with Growth Traits

Wang, Wenjun,Hu, Xiaoxiang,Fei, Jin,Meng, Qinyong,Li, Ning Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.10

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) is a member of the IGF super family, and regulates the action of IGFs. The polymorphism of porcine IGFBP-4 gene in 17 pig breeds (total n = 570) was detected by PCR-SSCP, and alleles A and B were detected. In these pig breeds, it was found that exotic pig breeds carried high frequencies of allele A, while Chinese native pig breeds carried high frequencies of allele B. The role of porcine IGFBP-4 was investigated in 172 F2 offspring of a $Lantang{\times}Lantang $ population. Forty eight growth traits were recorded for analyzing the association between IGFBP-4 gene polymorphism and quantitative performance traits. In this resource family, pigs with AA genotype had higher fore-body weight, bone weight of mid-body, bone weight of rear-body, fore-leg weight and rear-leg weight than those pigs with BB genotype (p<0.05); while pigs which carried BB genotype had higher back-fat thickness at C point and lard weight than those pigs with AA genotype (p<0.05); pigs with AA genotype had higher body weight than those with BB genotype; for meat quality traits, pigs with AA genotype had higher meat color than those of BB genotype (p<0.01), and pigs with BB genotype had higher marbling than those of AA and AB genotypes (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively).Based on these results, it is necessary to do more studies on IGFBP-4 before using the IGFBP-4 locus for the application of marker-assisted selection programs.

Effect of grinding depth on fatigue fracture behaviors of 40Cr steel

Jianzhi Chen,Guochao Li,Ning Li,Xiaoyan Guan,Yan Wang,Zhen Xu,Xiaoxiang Bai,Honggen Zhou 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.4

40Cr steel specimens were ground with different grinding depth (a p ) varied from 0 μm to 35 μm, and the rotary bending fatigue behaviors of ground specimens were investigated. Fatigue results show that the fatigue life of ground specimens exhibits an increasing first and then decreasing tendency with the increment of a p , the specimen with a p of 15 μm exhibits the highest fatigue life, and the effect of a p on fatigue damage behaviors of ground specimens were analyzed from aspects of surface roughness, work hardening and compressive residual stress. Multiple crack initiation of fatigue fractured specimens was observed, the number of crack initiation sites tends to increase first and then decrease with increasing a p . The relationship model between the fatigue striation width and the a p was established, and the prediction deviation of the model is ~2.08 %. It is expected that the model may provide new clues for optimizing the grinding process of mechanical parts.