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“Triune Ultimate Reality” in Asia (Misunderstood Asian Sprituality)
William Choi 성공회대학교 신학연구소 2012 Madang: Journal of Contextual Theology Vol.17 No.-
The “Trinity” has been the base of Christian doctrine, and the standard to distinguish between the orthodox on one side and heretics and pagans on the other in the Christian perspective. Under the headline of “Triune Ultimate Reality in Asia “Trinity” is the central dogma of Christian theology viz. that the one God exists in three Persons and One Substance.”, the East-Asian religions are assessed in light of the Trinity, to see how they (Confucianism, Lao-zhuang thought, and Mahayana Buddhism) are reflecting the Trinity. What is the “Trinity” in Christian perspective?
“Triune Ultimate Reality”(TUR) in East Asia
William Choi 한국민중신학회 2012 Madang: Journal of Contextual Theology Vol.0 No.18
This article is to unveil “Trinity” in East Asia, so that the universal love may be alive as well as truth (universal God) may be globally brought in relief for vindication. The Trinity has been the base of Christian doctrine as the standard to distinguish between the orthodox on one hand, and heretics and pagans on the other. “Trinity” is the central dogma of Christian theology, that One god exists in three Persons and One Substance.1 The East Asian religions and schools are, however, inter-mingled with each other for some extent, unlike the relationship between Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. Truth, therefore, may be distorted, unless taking them in multi-religious and cultural contexts. In the Cai-gen-tan published by Lin-sun-po (1781-1836) in 1892, Hong-ying-ming (1555- In the Christian experience, “Trinity” is linked with revelation: God is transcendental over us, with us historically as Christ, and immanent in us as Spirit. For some conservative Christians, however, the East Asian religions have no “Trinity”. The unveiling assessment is on East Asian scriptures (Confucian, Lao-zhaung, and Buddhist ones), rather than a debate of existing theories (almost none yet) by individual scholars.
“Triune Ultimate Reality” in Asia (Misunderstood Asian Sprituality)
William Choi 한국민중신학회 2012 Madang: Journal of Contextual Theology Vol.0 No.17
The “Trinity” has been the base of Christian doctrine, and the standard to distinguish between the orthodox on one side and heretics and pagans on the other in the Christian perspective. Under the headline of “Triune Ultimate Reality in Asia “Trinity” is the central dogma of Christian theology viz. that the one God exists in three Persons and One Substance.”, the East-Asian religions are assessed in light of the Trinity, to see how they (Confucianism, Lao-zhuang thought, and Mahayana Buddhism) are reflecting the Trinity. What is the “Trinity” in Christian perspective?
“Triune Ultimate Reality”(TUR) in East Asia
William Choi 성공회대학교 신학연구소 2012 Madang: Journal of Contextual Theology Vol.18 No.-
This article is to unveil “Trinity” in East Asia, so that the universal love may be alive as well as truth (universal God) may be globally brought in relief for vindication. The Trinity has been the base of Christian doctrine as the standard to distinguish between the orthodox on one hand, and heretics and pagans on the other. “Trinity” is the central dogma of Christian theology, that One god exists in three Persons and One Substance.1 The East Asian religions and schools are, however, inter-mingled with each other for some extent, unlike the relationship between Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. Truth, therefore, may be distorted, unless taking them in multi-religious and cultural contexts. In the Cai-gen-tan published by Lin-sun-po (1781-1836) in 1892, Hong-ying-ming (1555- In the Christian experience, “Trinity” is linked with revelation: God is transcendental over us, with us historically as Christ, and immanent in us as Spirit. For some conservative Christians, however, the East Asian religions have no “Trinity”. The unveiling assessment is on East Asian scriptures (Confucian, Lao-zhaung, and Buddhist ones), rather than a debate of existing theories (almost none yet) by individual scholars.
Jongnam Choi(최종남),Gwangyong Choi(최광용),Thomas Williams 대한지리학회 2008 대한지리학회지 Vol.43 No.5
본 연구는 미국 지역을 사례로 겨울철 및 여름철에 장기간 지속되는 이상고온기 발생에 유리한 종관 규모의 매커니즘을 밝힌다. 여름철 이상고온기는 주로 미국의 남중부 지역에서 발생하는 반면, 겨울철 이상고온기는 미서부 지역에서 발생한다. 지상 및 상층 기압장 자료 분석 결과, 이러한 이상고온기는 태평양과 대서양의 아열대 고기압들의 활동과 밀접하게 관련되어있다. 장기간 지속되는 여름철 이상고온기는 중층 및 상층 블러킹 고기압의 활동에 의해 형성되는 매우 안정된 대기 조건하에서 주로 발생한다. 또한 이 시기에는 지표강제력으로 상대적으로 높은 보웬비(Bowen ratio)가 나타나지만, 따뜻한 공기의 이류의 영향은 크지 않다. 반면, 장기간 지속되는 겨울철 이상고온기는 블러킹 고기압에 의한 단열 기온 상승뿐만 아니라 따뜻한 공기의 이류의 복합적인 작용에 의해 나타난다. 그러나 이 시기의 지표 강제력의 영향은 약하다. This study examines the prevailing synoptic-scale mechanisms favorable for long-lived summer Persistent Positive Temperature Anomalies (PPTAs) as well as winter PPTAs in the United States. Such long-lived PPTAs usually occur in the south-central region of the United States in summer, but in the southwestern part of the United States in winter. Composite analyses of surface and pressure level data demonstrate that the formation of both winter and summer PPTAs is closely related to the movement of subtropical high pressure systems in the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, respectively. The occurrence of long-lived summer PPTAs usually coincides with an extremely stable atmospheric condition caused by persistent blocking by mid- to upper-tropospheric anticyclones. Significant surface forcing is also easily identified through relatively high Bowen ratios at the surface. Warm air advection is, however, weak and appears to be an insignificant element in the formation of long-lived summer PPTAs. On the other hand, synergistic warming effects associated with adiabatic heating under an anticyclonic blocking system as well as significant warm air advection characterize the favorable synoptic environments for long-lived winter PPTAs. However, the impact of surface forcing mechanisms on winter PPTAs is insignificant.
Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer for Preclinical Studies
Heo, Eun Jin,Cho, Young Jae,Cho, William Chi,Hong, Ji Eun,Jeon, Hye-Kyung,Oh, Doo-Yi,Choi, Yoon-La,Song, Sang Yong,Choi, Jung-Joo,Bae, Duk-Soo,Lee, Yoo-Young,Choi, Chel Hun,Kim, Tae-Joong,Park, Woong- 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.4
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) can provide more reliable information about tumor biology than cell line models. We developed PDXs for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) that have histopathologic and genetic similarities to the primary patient tissues and evaluated their potential for use as a platform for translational EOC research.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>We successfully established PDXs by subrenal capsule implantation of primary EOC tissues into female BALB/C-nude mice. The rate of successful PDX engraftment was 48.8% (22/45 cases). Hematoxylin and eosin staining and short tandem repeat analysis showed histopathological and genetic similarity between the PDX and primary patient tissues.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Patients whose tumors were successfully engrafted in mice had significantly inferior overall survival when compared with those whose tumors failed to engraft (p=0.040). In preclinical tests of this model, we found that paclitaxel-carboplatin combination chemotherapy significantly deceased tumor weight in PDXs compared with the control treatment (p=0.013). Moreover, erlotinib treatment significantly decreased tumor weight in epidermal growth factor receptor–overexpressing PDX with clear cell histology (p=0.023).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>PDXs for EOC with histopathological and genetic stability can be efficiently developed by subrenal capsule implantation and have the potential to provide a promising platform for future translational research and precision medicine for EOC.</P>