Genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of the Solanum tuberosum aquaporins

Venkatesh, J.,Yu, J.W.,Park, S.W. Gauthier-Villars ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Plant physiology and biochemistry Vol.73 No.-

Aquaporins belongs to the major intrinsic proteins involved in the transcellular membrane transport of water and other small solutes. A comprehensive genome-wide search for the homologues of Solanum tuberosum major intrinsic protein (MIP) revealed 41 full-length potato aquaporin genes. All potato aquaporins are grouped into five subfamilies; plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), NOD26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) and x-intrinsic proteins (XIPs). Functional predictions based on the aromatic/arginine (ar/R) selectivity filters and Froger's positions showed a remarkable difference in substrate transport specificity among subfamilies. The expression pattern of potato aquaporins, examined by qPCR analysis, showed distinct expression profiles in various organs and tuber developmental stages. Furthermore, qPCR analysis of potato plantlets, subjected to various abiotic stresses revealed the marked effect of stresses on expression levels of aquaporins. Taken together, the expression profiles of aquaporins imply that aquaporins play important roles in plant growth and development, in addition to maintaining water homeostasis in response to environmental stresses.

Creating round focused micro-jets from rectangular nozzles

Venkatesh Inguva,Rita Graceffa,Joachim Schulz,Osman Bilsel,Blair J. Perot 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.9

A focused jet is an axisymmetric jet of liquid surrounded by an outer coaxial gas jet. The gas jet is typically used to compress the liquid jet in the radial direction thereby focusing it. At microscales, it is difficult to manufacture micro-scale delivery nozzles (needles) and to consistently align and axially position the liquid and the gas needles. However, it is very easy, using standard etching technologies to make precise and repeatable rectangular nozzle designs. This work will therefore explore the geometric and fluid dynamics constraints that allow one to design rectangular nozzles that produce round coaxial micro-jets of liquid and gas. Because of the small scales, the fluid dynamics of the focusing jet is unusual, and this work demonstrates that the liquid jet is best focused by shear stretching and not via gas compression. This paper shows that sheet jetting occurs when the Reynolds number of the gas is too high. Dripping occurs when the Weber number of the liquid is too low. The desired round jet occurs by balancing Weber number of the liquid jet and Reynolds number of the gas such that surface tension at the interface holds the water jet round while the acceleration of the water jet due to shear at the interface from fast-moving air causes the liquid jet cross-sectional area to decrease. The goal of this initial paper is to demonstrate that a parameter region exists where this flow behavior is possible.

Femoral lengthening in achondroplasia: magnitude of lengthening in relation to patterns of callus, stiffness of adjacent joints and fracture.

Venkatesh, K P,Modi, H N,Devmurari, K,Yoon, J Y,Anupama, B R,Song, H R Published for the British Editorial Society of Bon 2009 The Bone & Joint Journal Vol.91 No.12

<P>Extensive limb lengthening may be indicated in achondroplastic patients who wish to achieve a height within the normal range for their population. However, increasing the magnitude of lengthening is associated with further complications particularly adjacent joint stiffness and fractures. We studied the relationship between the magnitude of femoral lengthening and callus pattern, adjacent joint stiffness and fracture of the regenerate bone in 40 femoral lengthenings in 20 achondroplastic patients. They were divided into two groups; group A had lengthening of less than 50% and group B of more than 50% of their initial femoral length. The patterns of radiological callus formation were classified according to shape, type and features. The incidence of callus features, knee stiffness and regenerate bone fracture were analysed in the two groups. Group B was associated with an increased incidence of concave, lateral and central callus shapes, adjacent joint and stiffness and fracture. Statistically, the incidence of stiffness in adjacent joints and regenerate bone fracture was significantly associated with the magnitude of lengthening. We suggest that careful radiological assessment of the patterns of callus formation is a useful method for the evaluation and monitoring of regenerate bone.</P>

Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Transient Analysis of Transgenic Potato Overexpressing D-galacturonic Acid Reductase Gene for Salinity Stress Tolerance

Jelli Venkatesh,Chandrama Prakash Upadhyaya,유재웅,Ajappala Hemavathi,김두환,Reto J. Strasser,박세원 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.4

L-Ascorbate plays a vital role in the alleviation of salinity stress in crop plants. Overexpression of the ascorbate pathway enzyme D-galacturonic acid reductase in transgenic potato plants confers improved tolerance to various abiotic stresses. These transgenic potato plants were further studied for their primary photosynthetic performances under salinity stress. The changes in primary photochemistry of PSII induced by salinity stress were studied using JIP-test. Analysis of the fast phase chlorophyll a fluorescence transients indicated that there was a differential effect of salinity stress on different sites of the photosynthetic machinery. The transgenic potato leaves exhibited a gain in the ability for restraining the energy loss when they were imposed by salinity stress. These observations suggest that under salinity stress, the photosynthetic energy conservation in the transgenic plants was more effective than in the wild-type plants.

Consumer Acceptance of Personal Information and Communication Technology Services

Thong, J. Y. L.,Venkatesh, V.,Xin Xu,Se-Joon Hong,Kar Yan Tam IEEE 2011 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT - Vol.58 No.4

<P>In today's information and communication technology (ICT)-enabled service economy, there is great interest in digital service management. While the extant technology acceptance research has mainly studied user acceptance of various ICTs, there is a dearth of research on consumer acceptance of personal ICT services. In this paper, we extend the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology to the context of ICT services by examining the moderating role of ICT service type. We tested the proposed model in a large-scale survey of 4777 consumers, including both potential and current consumers of mobile data services (MDS), of two different types of MDS: communication and infotainment services. The results strongly supported the model with service type moderating key relationships. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for digital service management in particular and service science in general.</P>

Fine mapping and identification of candidate genes for the sy-2 locus in a temperature-sensitive chili pepper (Capsicum chinense)

Liu, L.,Venkatesh, J.,Jo, Y. D.,Koeda, S.,Hosokawa, M.,Kang, J. H.,Goritschnig, S.,Kang, B. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Theoretical and applied genetics Vol.129 No.8

<P>The sy - 2 temperature-sensitive gene from Capsicum chinense was fine mapped to a 138.8-kb region at the distal portion of pepper chromosome 1. Based on expression analyses, two putative F-box genes were identified as sy - 2 candidate genes. Seychelles-2 ('sy-2') is a temperature-sensitive natural mutant of Capsicum chinense, which exhibits an abnormal leaf phenotype when grown at temperatures below 24 A degrees C. We previously showed that the sy-2 phenotype is controlled by a single recessive gene, sy-2, located on pepper chromosome 1. In this study, a high-resolution genetic and physical map for the sy-2 locus was constructed using two individual F-2 mapping populations derived from a cross between C. chinense mutant 'sy-2' and wild-type 'No. 3341'. The sy-2 gene was fine mapped to a 138.8-kb region between markers SNP 5-5 and SNP 3-8 at the distal portion of chromosome 1, based on comparative genomic analysis and genomic information from pepper. The sy-2 target region was predicted to contain 27 genes. Expression analysis of these predicted genes showed a differential expression pattern for ORF10 and ORF20 between mutant and wild-type plants; with both having significantly lower expression in 'sy-2' than in wild-type plants. In addition, the coding sequences of both ORF10 and ORF20 contained single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) causing amino acid changes, which may have important functional consequences. ORF10 and ORF20 are predicted to encode F-box proteins, which are components of the SCF complex. Based on the differential expression pattern and the presence of nonsynonymous SNPs, we suggest that these two putative F-box genes are most likely responsible for the temperature-sensitive phenotypes in pepper. Further investigation of these genes may enable a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of low temperature sensitivity in plants.</P>

Comparative Experimental and Analytical Modeling of Impact Energy Dissipation of Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete

Murali G,Venkatesh J.,Lokesh N.,Nava Teja Reddy,Karthikeyan K. 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.22 No.8

This study examines the impact energy dissipation capacity of Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC). Forthis purpose, nine different mixes were fabricated with hooked end and crimped steel fibres at a dosage of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0percentage and tested under pendulum impact test. The impact energy dissipation capacity is assessed based on test (Charpy U-notch)procedure suggested by ASTM E23. Also, an analytical model was adopted to predict the impact energy dissipation value ofUHPFRC and its performance is verified against experimental results. Based on the test results, the impact energy dissipationcapacity of the mixtures containing crimped and hooked end steel fibres were significantly higher than that of Plain Concrete (PC). The hooked end steel fibres had an increased impact energy dissipation capacity compared to crimped steel fibres, which implies thathooked end steel fibre is more appropriate for enhancing the impact energy dissipation of UHPFRC. Also, the modelling datacompared well with experimental data for the fibre volume fraction beyond 0.5%.

Combined PET and Biopsy Evidence of Marrow Involvement Improves Prognostic Prediction in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Cerci, Juliano J.,Gyö,rke, Tamá,s,Fanti, Stefano,Paez, Diana,Meneghetti, José,Clá,udio,Redondo, Francisca,Celli, Monica,Auewarakul, Chirayu,Rangarajan, Venkatesh,Gujral, Sumeet,G Society of Nuclear Medicine 2014 The Journal of nuclear medicine Vol.55 No.10

<P>Bone marrow is an important extranodal site in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and marrow histology has been incorporated into the new National Comprehensive Cancer Network international prognostic index. Marrow involvement demonstrated histologically confers poor prognosis but is identified by staging PET in more cases. How information from staging PET and biopsy should be combined to optimize outcome prediction remains unclear. <B>Methods:</B> The International Atomic Energy Agency sponsored a prospective international cohort study to better define the use of PET in DLBCL. As a planned subsidiary analysis, we examined the interplay of marrow involvement identified by PET and biopsy on clinical outcomes. <B>Results:</B> Eight countries contributed 327 cases with a median follow-up of 35 mo. The 2-y outcomes of cases with no evidence of marrow involvement (<I>n</I> = 231) were 81% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76%–86%) for event-free survival (EFS) and 88% (83%–91%) for overall survival (OS); cases identified only on PET (<I>n</I> = 61), 81% (69%–89%) for EFS and 88% (77%–94%) for OS; cases indentified only on biopsy (<I>n</I> = 10), 80% (41%–95%) for EFS and 100% for OS; or cases identified by both PET and biopsy (<I>n</I> = 25), 45% (25%–64%) for EFS and 55% (32%–73%) for OS. The hazard ratios for PET-negative/biopsy-negative cases versus PET-positive/biopsy-positive cases were 2.67 (95% CI, 1.48–4.79) for EFS and 3.94 (1.93–8.06) for OS. <B>Conclusion:</B> This large study demonstrates that positive iliac crest biopsy histology only confers poor prognosis for patients who also have abnormal marrow <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake identified on the staging PET scan. Abnormal <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake in marrow, when iliac crest biopsy histology is normal, has no adverse effect on outcomes.</P>

Finding modes with equality comparisons

Jayapaul, Varukumar,Ian Munro, J.,Raman, Venkatesh,Satti, Srinivas Rao Elsevier 2017 Theoretical computer science Vol.704 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We consider the comparison complexity of finding modes (the most frequently occurring elements) in a list of elements that are not necessarily from a totally ordered set. Here, the relation between elements is determined by <I>equality</I> comparisons whose outcome is = when the two elements being compared are equal, and ≠ otherwise. The problem generalizes the classical majority problem studied in this model (using equalities). We show that <SUP> n 2 </SUP> / 2 m − n / 2 comparisons are necessary and <SUP> n 2 </SUP> / m + n comparisons are sufficient to find an element that appears at least <I>m</I> times. This is in sharp contrast to the bound of Θ ( n log ⁡ ( n / m ) ) bound in the model where comparisons are < , = , > or ≤ , > .</P> <P>We give three algorithms for finding mode, including one that is a generalization of a classical majority finding algorithm due to Fischer and Salzberg (1982) . We also discuss upper and lower bounds for sorting (i.e., finding the frequency of every element) and for finding the least frequent element. Sorting problem (under the equality comparisons) also known as <I>equivalence class sorting</I>, has applications in several scenarios where the total order of elements is either not possible or can not be revealed for security reasons.</P>

Boundary Conditions and Fire Behavior of Concrete Filled Tubular Composite Columns

Rodrigues, Joao Paulo C.,Correia, Antonio J.M.,Kodur, Venkatesh Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2018 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.7 No.4

Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) members are commonly used as composite columns in modern construction. However, the current guidelines for members' fire design (EN1994-1-2) have been proved to be unsafe in case the relative slenderness is higher than 0.5. In addition, the simplified design methods of Eurocode 4 are limited to circular and square CFST columns, while in practice columns with rectangular and elliptical hollow sections are being increasingly used because of their architectural aesthetics. In the last years a large experimental research has been carried out at Coimbra University on the topic. They have been tested concrete filled circular, square, rectangular and elliptical hollow columns with restrained thermal elongation. Some parameters such as the slenderness, the type of cross-section geometry as well as the axial and rotational restraint of the surrounding structure to the column have been tested in order to evaluate their influence on the fire resistance of such columns. In this paper it is evaluated the influence of the boundary conditions (pin-ended and semi-rigid end-support conditions) on the behavior of the columns in case of fire. In these tests it could not be seen a marked effect of the tested boundary conditions but it is believed that the increasing of rotational stiffness increases the fire resistance of the columns.